ISO 8009:2014

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 8009
Second edition
2014-11-15
Mechanical contraceptives —
Reusable natural and silicone
rubber contraceptive diaphragms —
Requirements and tests
Contraceptifs mécaniques — Diaphragmes contraceptifs réutilisables
en caoutchouc — Performances et essais
Reference number
ISO 8009:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014

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ISO 8009:2014(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
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Published in Switzerland
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Sampling . 2
5 Classification . 2
6 Materials . 2
7 Design . 2
7.1 General . 2
7.2 Rim . 2
7.3 Reinforcing spring . 2
7.4 Spring ends . 2
7.5 Dome and rim . 3
8 Dimensions . 3
8.1 Diameter . 3
8.2 Dome thickness . 3
9 Tensile properties of the dome. 3
9.1 Tensile strength . 3
9.2 Elongation at break . 3
10 Mechanical properties of rim and spring — Type 1 and Type 2 diaphragms .4
10.1 Compression resistance . 4
10.2 Twisting during compression . 4
11 Freedom from visible defects . 4
12 Test report . 4
13 Packaging, labelling, and storage . 5
13.1 Packaging . 5
13.2 Labelling . 5
13.3 Storage . 5
Annex A (normative) Determination of size . 7
Annex B (normative) Determination of dome thickness. 8
Annex C (normative) Determination of tensile properties . 9
Annex D (normative) Determination of deterioration after accelerated ageing by
oven treatment .11
Annex E (normative) Determination of compression and fatigue resistances of coil-spring
and flat-spring diaphragms .13
Annex F (normative) Determination of twisting during compression of coil-spring and flat
spring diaphragms .16
Annex G (normative) Determination of visible defects .19
Annex H (normative) Test report .23
Annex I (normative) Instructions for care and use of reusable rubber contraceptive diaphragms 24
Bibliography .26
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 157, Non-systemic contraceptives and STI barrier
prophylactics.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, ISO 8009:2004, of which it constitutes a minor
revision. It also incorporates the amendment ISO 8009:2004/Amd1:2012.
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

Introduction
Diaphragms are medical devices, therefore, they should be produced under a good quality management
system. Reference should be made, for example to the ISO 9000- series, in conjunction with ISO 13485.
The sampling plans and acceptance quality limits (AQLs) given in this International Standard are
for referee testing. The AQLs represent the maximum tolerable level of defects in the products. As
diaphragms are intended for re-use, manufacturers should strive for entirely defect-free product.
Manufacturers can devise and apply additional and alternative quality control measures for their use
and after production. These methods can differ among manufacturers.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 8009:2014(E)
Mechanical contraceptives — Reusable natural and silicone
rubber contraceptive diaphragms — Requirements and
tests
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the minimum requirements and test methods to be used for
reusable diaphragms made from natural rubber and silicone rubber. These diaphragms are intended for
contraceptive use.
This International Standard is not applicable to other vaginal contraceptive barriers, such as those
known as cervical caps, vaginal sponges, and vaginal sheaths.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 188, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Accelerated ageing and heat resistance tests
ISO 463, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Dimensional measuring equipment — Design and
metrological characteristics of mechanical dial gauges
ISO 2859-1:1999, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by
acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
ISO 10993-1, Biological evaluation of medical devices — Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk
management process
ISO 10993-5, Biological evaluation of medical devices — Part 5: Tests for in vitro cytotoxicity
ISO 10993-10, Biological evaluation of medical devices — Part 10: Tests for irritation and skin sensitization
3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2859-1 and the following apply.
3.1
lot
batch
collection of diaphragms of the same design, colour, shape, size, and formulation, manufactured at
essentially the same time, using the same process, common lots of raw materials, common equipment
and personnel
Note 1 to entry: The size of a lot is not specified in this International Standard, but it can be specified by a purchaser
as part of a purchasing contract. Depending on the method of manufacture, multiple sizes can be produced in a
defined lot/batch. In such cases, traceability can be maintained by using both the lot number and the size.
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

4 Sampling
Sampling and establishment of the sampling plan shall be carried out as described in ISO 2859-1.
NOTE It is necessary to know the lot size in order to derive from ISO 2859-1 the number of samples to be
tested. The lot size varies among manufacturers, and is regarded as part of the process and quality controls used
by the manufacturer.
5 Classification
Diaphragms shall be classified into the following types:
a) Type 1: Coil-spring diaphragm, also known as a helically wound diaphragm.
b) Type 2: Flat-spring diaphragm, also known as a flat-leaf diaphragm, watch-spring diaphragm, or
Mensinga diaphragm.
c) Type 3: Arcing-spring diaphragm, also known as an arcing-bend diaphragm or bow-bend diaphragm.
6 Materials
The diaphragm, excluding the spring, shall be made of a natural or silicone rubber compound.
For any new product or following a significant change to the formulation or manufacturing process,
biocompatibility assessments shall be conducted in accordance with ISO 10993-1. Testing for cytotoxicity,
in accordance with ISO 10993-5, and for irritation and sensitization, in accordance with ISO 10993-10,
shall be conducted. Spermicides applied at the time of use are exempt from this requirement. Where
practicable, manufacturers should take steps to recommend spermicides that minimize irritant
effects. Accredited laboratories shall be used for all biocompatibility testing. Regulatory bodies might
also specify local requirements and require results to be interpreted by a qualified toxicologist. Any
toxicologist’s assessment report shall state that the product is safe under normal conditions of use.
NOTE Many latex products that have been established as safe, including diaphragms and medical gloves,
can exhibit a positive cytotoxic response when tested according to ISO 10993-5. While any cytotoxic effect can
be of concern, it is primarily an indication of potential for in vivo toxicity, and a diaphragm cannot necessarily be
determined to be unsuitable for use based solely on cytotoxicity data.
7 Design
7.1 General
The diaphragm shall consist of a dome and an integral peripheral rim. The dome of the diaphragm and
the portion forming the rim shall be one continuous film.
7.2 Rim
The rim of the diaphragm shall be reinforced with a spring, which shall be sufficiently rigid to hold the
rim in a flat, circular configuration.
7.3 Reinforcing spring
The reinforcing spring shall be completely encapsulated and centrally located within the rim.
7.4 Spring ends
The ends of the spring shall be joined in such a manner that the joint does not project through the
surface of the rim.
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

7.5 Dome and rim
The dome and rim shall have a uniform, smooth, and non-tacky finish.
8 Dimensions
8.1 Diameter
The nominal diameters of preferred sizes shall be 55 mm, 60 mm, 65 mm, 70 mm, 75 mm, 80 mm, 85 mm,
90 mm, 95 mm, and 100 mm.
When tested in accordance with Annex A, the two diameter measurements shall not differ by more than
4 % of the nominal size. The mean of these two measurements, called diaphragm diameter, shall equal
the nominal size within a tolerance of ±2 mm.
Examine 13 diaphragms of each size. No diaphragm diameter shall fall outside the limits.
8.2 Dome thickness
When tested in accordance with Annex B, the thickness of the diaphragm dome at the thinnest point
measured shall not be less than 0,20 mm.
9 Tensile properties of the dome
9.1 Tensile strength
When tested in accordance with Annex C, the median tensile strength of 13 diaphragms of each size
shall not be less than the values given in Table 1.
When tested in accordance with Annex D, the median tensile strength of 13 oven-treated diaphragms of
each size shall not be less than the values given in Table 1.
9.2 Elongation at break
When tested in accordance with Annex C, the median elongation at break of 13 untreated diaphragms of
each size shall not be less than the values given in Table 1.
When tested in accordance with Annex D, the median elongation at break of 13 oven-treated diaphragms
of each size shall not be less than the values given in Table 1.
Table 1 — Minimum median tensile properties
Natural rubber Natural rubber Silicone rubber Silicone rubber
Property
untreated oven-treated untreated oven-treated
Tensile strength,
15 11 7 7
MPa
Elongation at break,
650 500 350 350
%
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

10 Mechanical properties of rim and spring — Type 1 and Type 2 diaphragms
10.1 Compression resistance
When 13 diaphragms are tested in accordance with Annex E, during the first and 1 000th compressions
the distance between the load points, i.e. resulting from compression, of each diaphragm shall not be
lower than 55 % and not greater than 85 % of the original diameter.
After the 1 000th compression, the diameter along the axis of compression shall be at least 90 % of the
value measured before the test.
After the 1 000th compression, the rubber film shall show no signs of deterioration when examined by
normal or corrected vision.
The degree of twist after 1 000 compressions, measured in accordance with Annex F, shall be not more
than 20°.
Manufacturers of diaphragms who are certified to the ISO 9001 quality management system or
equivalent, and whose suppliers are similarly certified, may use the repeated compression testing part
of this method as a type test. In that case, lot-by-lot testing shall consist of a single compression, and
measurement of the compression resistance.
10.2 Twisting during compression
When tested in accordance with Annex F, the diaphragm shall not show an angle of twist greater than
20°.
Each lot shall be sampled in accordance with ISO 2859-1:1999, General inspection level I, but at least
according to code letter K.
When tested in accordance with Annex F, the compliance level shall be an AQL of 1,0 %.
11 Freedom from visible defects
When inspected in accordance with Annex G, the diaphragm shall not show any visible defects.
Each lot shall be sampled in accordance with ISO 2859-1:1999, General inspection level I, but at least
according to code letter K.
The compliance level shall be an AQL of 0,4 % for the following major defects:
a) hole in the dome;
b) exposed spring;
c) broken spring;
d) distorted shape;
e) illegible marking on the diaphragm;
f) illegible labelling.
For minor defects, when tested in accordance with Annex G, the compliance level shall be an AQL of
1,0 %.
12 Test report
Test reports shall contain at least the information as described in Annex H.
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

13 Packaging, labelling, and storage
13.1 Packaging
13.1.1 Individual container
Each diaphragm shall be individually packaged in a container designed to protect it from contamination,
exposure to light ,and mechanical damage during normal handling, transport, and storage.
The individual container shall be reusable so that it can be used to protect the diaphragm for the term
of its useful life.
13.1.2 Outer container(s)
A convenient number of individual containers shall be packed in one or more outer containers which
shall be sufficiently robust to protect the contents during transport and storage.
13.2 Labelling
13.2.1 Diaphragm identification
Each diaphragm shall be legibly marked with the following information:
a) the manufacturer’s name or recognized trademark;
b) the nominal size, in millimetres.
13.2.2 Individual container identification
The container, as received by the user, shall be legibly marked with the following information:
a) the manufacturer’s and/or distributor’s name or recognized trademark;
b) the manufacturer’s lot number;
c) the nominal size, in millimetres;
d) the manufacturer’s recommended last date for supply to the consumer (month and year), i.e. the
date after which the diaphragm should not be distributed to consumers. This date shall be no more
than two years from the date of manufacture, unless justified by real-time or accelerated test data;
e) the material of which the diaphragm is made.
13.2.3 Instructions
Each individual container shall contain instructions for the use and care of the diaphragm in accordance
with Annex I.
13.3 Storage
Rubber tends to deteriorate with age. Diaphragms are packed in a way which normally protects them
during storage. Nevertheless, they should not be kept in stock longer than necessary, especially in warm
climates. They should be stored in a cool, dry place and should be kept in containers such that the contents
will not be subject to mechanical damage or light. As soon as any diaphragm shows deterioration (e.g.
tackiness, brittleness, crazing) of the rubber, it should be destroyed.
The diaphragm should not be allowed to come into contact with oil-based antiseptic phenols and their
derivatives, petroleum-based grease, petroleum spirit, kerosene, and other related organic products.
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

Normally it is recommended to destroy test diaphragms after tests are completed. Sometimes diaphragms
need to be kept to demonstrate particular problems, thus it is important that these diaphragms be
marked or stored in such a way that unintentional use is prevented.
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

Annex A
(normative)

Determination of size
A.1 General
This annex specifies a method for determining the size of reusable natural rubber and silicone rubber
contraceptive diaphragms.
A.2 Principle
Size is determined by measurement of the external diameter of the diaphragm.
A.3 Apparatus
A.3.1 Measuring device, with a scale graduated in millimetres.
A.4 Procedure
A.4.1 The diaphragm shall not be compressed or distorted during the measurement.
A.4.2 Visually inspect the diaphragm. If it does not appear circular, identify by eye the minimum
diameter; and when measuring in accordance with A.4.3, take one of the measurements on that axis.
A.4.3 Place the diaphragm on the measuring device (A.3.1). Measure, to the nearest millimetre, the
external diameter of the rim at two positions at right angles to one another. Calculate the mean value to
the nearest millimetre.
A.5 Expression of results
The test report shall include elements specified in Annex H and the actual size values measured for each
diaphragm, the difference between them, and the calculated mean value of the external diameter of the
rim, expressed in millimetres.
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

Annex B
(normative)

Determination of dome thickness
B.1 General
This annex specifies a method for determining the dome thickness of reusable natural rubber and
silicone rubber contraceptive diaphragms.
B.2 Principle
The dome thickness is measured by means of a specified dial gauge.
B.3 Apparatus
B.3.1 Dial gauge, graduated in divisions of not more than 0,01 mm and in accordance with ISO 463.
The gauge shall be firmly held in a rigid stand over a flat baseplate. The dial gauge shall be fitted with
a flat contact of diameter between 3 mm and 7 mm, perpendicular to the plunger and parallel to the
baseplate, and shall operate with a pressure of (22 ± 5) kPa.
B.4 Procedure
B.4.1 Place the diaphragm dome on the flat baseplate of the dial gauge (B.3.1).
B.4.2 Measure, to the nearest 0,01 mm, the dome thickness at the centre and at no fewer than four
points which are midway between the centre and the rim, and are circumferentially equidistant.
B.5 Expression of results
The test report shall include elements specified in Annex H and the minimum thickness of the dome,
expressed in millimetres, of each tested diaphragm.
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

Annex C
(normative)

Determination of tensile properties
C.1 General
This annex specifies a method for determining the tensile properties of the dome of reusable natural
rubber and silicone rubber contraceptive diaphragms.
C.2 Principle
A test piece is cut from the dome of a diaphragm and stretched until it breaks. The tensile force and
elongation at break are measured.
C.3 Apparatus
C.3.1 Die, for cutting rings having an internal circumference of (100 ± 0,5) mm and a radial width of
(2 ± 0,02) mm.
C.3.2 Dial gauge, as specified in Annex B.
C.3.3 Tensile testing machine, capable of an essentially constant rate of traverse and complying with
the following requirements:
— able to apply a force ranging from 0 N to 50 N;
— having two roller test-specimen holders; the diameters of the rollers should be approximately
15 mm;
— having a roller separation speed of (8,5 ± 0,8) mm/s or (500 ± 50) mm/min.
C.4 Preparation of test piece
From the dome of each diaphragm to be tested, cut a ring-shaped test piece using the cutting die (C.3.1).
The test piece shall be obtained by cutting with one stroke of the press. Only test pieces which have been
completely separated at the first attempt shall be used.
C.5 Procedure
C.5.1 Using the dial gauge, measure, to the nearest 0,01 mm, the thickness of the disc remaining from
the inside of the test ring cut from the dome. Make three measurements at different locations as close as
possible to the edge of the disc, and take the median for use in C.6.1.
C.5.2 Place the test piece over the rollers of the tensile testing machine, and stretch it until it breaks.
C.5.3 Measure the force at break to the nearest 0,1 N and the separation distance between the centres
of the rollers to the nearest millimetre.
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

C.6 Calculation of results
C.6.1 The tensile strength, σ, expressed in megapascals, of each test piece shall be calculated using
Formula C.1:
F
σ = (C.1)
2wt
where
F is the breaking force, in newtons;
w is the width of the test piece (i.e. 2 mm);
t is the thickness of the test piece, in millimetres.
The result shall be rounded to the nearest megapascal.
C.6.2 The elongation at break, E, expressed as a percentage, of each test piece shall be calculated using
Formula C.2:
2lC+−C
roll int
E= ×100 (C.2)
C
int
where
l is the final distance between the centres of the rollers, in millimetres;
C is the circumference of the roller, in millimetres;
roll
C is the internal circumference of the ring (i.e. 100 mm).
int
The result shall be rounded to the nearest 10 %.
C.7 Expression of results
The test report shall include elements from Annex H, and the tensile strength and elongation at break
of each test piece.
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ISO 8009:2014(E)

Annex D
(normative)

Determination of deterioration after accelerated agei
...