ISO 6963:2024
(Main)Bunker cargo loading from oil terminal to bunker tanker using Coriolis mass flow meter
Bunker cargo loading from oil terminal to bunker tanker using Coriolis mass flow meter
This document specifies quantity measurement using a Coriolis mass flow meter (MFM) for bunker cargo loading from an oil terminal to a bunker tanker during custody transfer. Sampling requirements during the custody transfer are also included in this document.
Chargement d'une cargaison de soute depuis le terminal pétrolier vers un navire avitailleur à l'aide d'un compteur massique à effet Coriolis
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
International
Standard
ISO 6963
First edition
Bunker cargo loading from oil
2024-05
terminal to bunker tanker using
Coriolis mass flow meter
Chargement d'une cargaison de soute depuis le terminal pétrolier
vers un navire avitailleur à l'aide d'un compteur massique à effet
Coriolis
Reference number
© ISO 2024
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ii
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Application . 6
5 Metrological requirements . . 7
5.1 General .7
5.2 Mass flow meter requirements .7
5.3 MFM measuring system requirements .8
5.4 Post approval maintenance .9
5.4.1 Meter zero verification frequency .9
5.4.2 Zero verification procedure .9
5.4.3 Meter and ancillary devices verification and/or calibration frequency .9
5.4.4 Software upgrade or update .9
6 System integrity requirements . 9
6.1 General .9
6.2 Metrological control .9
6.2.1 Documentation.9
6.2.2 Type approval and pattern evaluation .10
6.3 Security features .10
6.3.1 Equipment security .10
6.3.2 Software security .10
6.3.3 Data security .10
6.3.4 Critical alarm .10
6.4 Installation and commissioning . .10
6.4.1 Pre-installation and MFM bunker system sealing plan .10
6.4.2 Installation and re-installation .11
6.4.3 Commissioning .11
6.5 Operational security.11
6.6 Maintenance control .11
6.6.1 Maintenance control of MFM bunker system .11
6.6.2 Re-commissioning.11
7 Meter selection and installation requirements .11
7.1 General .11
7.2 Site survey at terminals . . 12
7.3 Meter selection . 12
7.4 Meter installation . . 12
7.5 Meter commissioning . 13
8 Site acceptance test requirements .13
9 Metering procedures .13
9.1 General . 13
9.2 Documentation . 13
9.2.1 General . 13
9.2.2 System documentation .14
9.2.3 Pre-loading documentation .14
9.2.4 Post-loading documentation .14
9.3 Additional documentation at the terminal .14
9.3.1 Meter totalizer log .14
9.3.2 System documents at the terminal . 15
9.4 Pre-loading procedures . 15
iii
9.4.1 Pre-loading conference . 15
9.4.2 System integrity seals document . 15
9.4.3 Meter reading record . 15
9.5 Loading procedures . 15
9.5.1 General . 15
9.5.2 Start of loading .16
9.5.3 End of loading .17
9.6 Post-loading procedures .17
9.6.1 Meter reading record .17
9.6.2 Bunker cargo metering ticket .17
9.6.3 Determination of loaded quantity .17
9.7 Others .18
9.7.1 MFM measuring system failure .18
9.7.2 Disputes .18
10 Bunker cargo quality .18
10.1 Bunker cargo specifications .18
10.2 Sampling .19
10.2.1 Location of sampling equipment .19
10.2.2 Sampling procedure .19
10.3 Documentation .19
Annex A (informative) Uncertainty budget table .20
Annex B (normative) Zero verification procedure .21
Annex C (normative) Metrological and system integrity requirements .22
Annex D (informative) Typical schematic diagram for MFM bunker system (for bunker cargo
loading) .23
Annex E (informative) Example of letter of protest for bunker cargo loading .24
Annex F (informative) Bunker cargo claims procedure for quantity dispute .25
Annex G (informative) Example of a bunker cargo sample label .26
Annex H (informative) Example of a certificate of quality .27
Bibliography .28
iv
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
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The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum and related products, fuels
and lubricants from natural or synthetic sources, Subcommittee SC 2, Measurement of petroleum and related
products.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
v
Introduction
The objective of this document is to harmonize the method of quantity measurement by establishing a
consistent method of measurement from cargo loading at oil terminals to bunker delivery using a Coriolis
mass flow meter (MFM). This is to ensure oil loss control along the bunker supply chain.
In this document, the following verbal forms are used:
— “shall” indicates a requirement;
— “should” indicates a recommendation;
— “may” indicates a permission;
— “can” indicates a possibility or a capability.
vi
International Standard ISO 6963:2024(en)
Bunker cargo loading from oil terminal to bunker tanker
using Coriolis mass flow meter
1 Scope
This document specifies quantity measurement using a Coriolis mass flow meter (MFM) for bunker cargo
loading from an oil terminal to a bunker tanker during custody transfer. Sampling requirements during the
custody transfer are also included in this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling
ISO 6996, Bunkering — Meter verification using master Coriolis mass flow meter
ISO 8217, Petroleum products — Fuels (class F) — Specifications of marine fuels
ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
me a s ur ement (GUM:1 995)
OIML R 117-1, Dynamic measuring systems for liquids other than water — Part 1: Metrological and technical
requirements
API MPMS Chapter 4.8, Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards, Chapter 4.8 Operation of Proving Systems
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www. iso. org/o bp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www.e lectropedia. org/
3.1
accuracy
closeness of agreement between a measured quantity value and a true quantity value of a measurand
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.13, modified — Preferred terms “measurement accuracy” and “accuracy
of measurement” deleted. Notes to entry deleted.]
3.2
adjustment
set of operations carried out on a measuring system so that it provides prescribed indications corresponding
to given values of a quantity to be measured
Note 1 to entry: Types of adjustment include zero adjustment and offset adjustment.
Note 2 to entry: Adjustment should not be confused with calibration (3.9), which is a prerequisite for adjustment.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 3.11, modified — Preferred term “adjustment of a measuring system”
deleted. Note 1 to entry shortened. Note 3 to entry deleted.]
3.3
air buoyancy correction
correction applied to obtain the mass in air (3.22) from the mass (3.17) to take into account the reduction in
mass due to the buoyancy effect of air
3.4
ancillary device
device intended to perform a particular function, directly involved in elaborating, transmitting or displaying
measurement results
EXAMPLE Zero-adjustment device, repeating indicating device, printing device, memory device, totalizing
indicating device, correction device, conversion device, pre-setting device, self-service device.
3.5
bunker cargo
fuels for use in marine engines and boilers
3.6
bunker cargo metering ticket
ticket (paper or electronic) issued at the end of a bunker cargo (3.5) loading
Note 1 to entry: The information listed on a ticket can be found in 9.6.2.
3.7
bunker tanker
petroleum product tanker that is used to load bunker cargo (3.5) from an oil terminal
3.8
bunker tanker representative
individual who represents the bunker cargo (3.5) receiver and is responsible for bunker cargo operations
and documentation
3.9
calibration
operation that, under specified conditions, in a first step, establishes a relation between the quantity values
with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and corresponding indications with
associated measurement uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this information to establish a relation for
obtaining a measurement result from an indication
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.39, modified — Notes to entry deleted.]
3.10
calibration factor
numerical factor unique to each sensor derived during sensor calibration (3.9), which when programmed
into the transmitter (3.41) ensures that the meter performs to its stated specification
[SOURCE: ISO 10790:2015, 3.1.10, modified — Term changed from “calibrating factor” to “calibration factor”.
Note 1 to entry modified and merged into the definition.]
3.11
calibration frequency
time interval between two consecutive calibrations (3.9)
3.12
commissioning
process whereby the critical precision parameters impacting custody transfer are verified and checked
Note 1 to entry: Any setting changes during commissioning or re-commissioning are traceable to factory settings and
justified adjustments (3.2) to meet the measurement uncertainty (3.24) or type classification.
3.13
custody transfer point
point at which the bunker cargo (3.5) is defined as being loaded to the bunker tanker (3.7)
3.14
error
measured quantity value minus a reference quantity value
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.16, modified — Preferred terms “measurement error” and “error of
measurement” deleted. Notes to entry deleted.]
3.15
linearity
consistency of change in the scaled output of a Coriolis mass flow meter (3.18), for a related, scaled change in
the input of a mass flow meter
3.16
low flow cut-off
transmitter (3.41) setting which sets the meter output(s) to zero flow if the flow rate falls below a pre-set value
3.17
mass
true mass
physical quantity which can be ascribed to any material object and which gives a measure of its quantity
of matter
[SOURCE: OIML D 28:2004, Clause 2, modified — Admitted term added.]
3.18
mass flow meter
MFM
device consisting of a flow sensor (primary device) and a transmitter (3.41) (secondary device) which
primarily measures the mass flow by means of the interaction between a flowing fluid and the oscillation of
a tube or tubes
3.19
mass flow meter bunker system
MFM bunker system
bunker cargo (3.5) custody transfer system combined with system integrity which determines the loaded
quantity at a custody transfer point (3.13) based on the quantity obtained from a mass flow meter measuring
system (3.20)
3.20
mass flow meter measuring system
MFM measuring system
system comprising a mass flow meter (3.18) and its ancillary devices (3.4) that produces the measured
quantity at the point of measurement (3.32) in all conditions of fluid flow in accordance with the metrological
requirements
3.21
mass flow rate
flow rate at which the quantity of fluid which passes through a mass flow meter (3.18)
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed as mass (3.17) and denoted in tonnes per hour.
3.22
mass in air
conventional mass
conventional mass value of a body equal to the mass (3.17) of a standard that balances this body under
conventionally chosen conditions
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in kilograms.
[SOURCE: OIML D 28:2004, Clause 4, modified — “mass in air” added as preferred term.]
3.23
maximum mass flow rate
Q
max
maximum flow rate up to which a mass flow meter measuring system (3.20) has been qualified to operate in
compliance with the required accuracy (3.1)
Note 1 to entry: The maximum value is normally determined by the application.
3.24
measurement uncertainty
non-negative parameter characterizing the dispersion of the quantity values being attributed to a
measurand, based on the information used
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.26, modified — Admitted terms “uncertainty of measurement” and
“uncertainty” deleted. Notes to entry deleted.]
3.25
meter reading
value obtained from the non-resettable totalizer(s) (3.31) or resettable totalizer(s) (3.34)
3.26
meter stability
property of a measuring instrument, whereby its metrological properties remain within the bounds of
specifically defined criteria over time
Note 1 to entry: Stability may be quantified in several ways:
— Example 1: In terms of the duration of a time interval over which a metrological property changes by a stated amount.
— Example 2: In terms of the change of a property over a stated time.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 4.19, modified — “meter stability” replaced “stability of a measuring
instrument” and “stability” as the term. “within the bounds of specifically defined criteria over time”
replaced “constant in time” in the definition.]
3.27
metering
measurement of quantity by a mass flow meter measuring system (3.20)
3.28
metering profile
graphical overview of the process parameters recorded during a bunkering operation and retained for the
purpose of providing transparent assessment
3.29
minimum mass flow rate
Q
min
lowest flow rate required to which a metering system has been qualified to operate in compliance with the
required accuracy (3.1)
Note 1 to entry: The minimum value is normally determined by the flow metering system.
3.30
minimum loaded quantity
smallest quantity of bunker cargo (3.5) for which the measurement is metrologically acceptable for a mass
flow meter measuring system (3.20)
3.31
non-resettable totalizer
device that indicates the total cumulated flow quantity through a mass flow meter (3.18) after it is secured
for use in a custody transfer such that its value is not resettable to zero or to other values
3.32
point of measurement
location on a terminal where a mass flow meter (3.18) is installed and at which the measured quantity (mass
in air (3.22)) is computed and indicated
3.33
repeatability
proximity of a match among a series of results obtained with the same method on identical test material,
under the same conditions (same operator, same apparatus, same laboratory and short intervals of time)
[SOURCE: ISO 22192:2021, 3.39]
3.34
resettable totalizer
device that indicates total flow quantity through a mass flow meter (3.18) from the start to the end of each
batch and its value can be reset to zero
3.35
sample
bunker cargo (3.5) specimen defined by time, location and method of sampling
3.36
stored zero value
value stored in the electronics after a zero-adjustment procedure
Note 1 to entry: Stored zero value is recorded during every zero-offset determination.
3.37
surveyor
person engaged to independently inspect, measure, sample, investigate and report as required on the bunker
cargo (3.5) operations
3.38
terminal representative
individual who represents or is appointed by the terminal and who is responsible for bunker cargo (3.5)
operations and documentation
3.39
third party
person or organization that is unrelated to the manufacturer or supplier of the object of conformity or their
customers
EXAMPLE Third-party testing laboratory, inspection body, certification body.
3.40
traceability
metrological property of a measurement result whereby the result can be related to a reference through a
documented unbroken chain of calibrations (3.9), each contributing to the measurement uncertainty (3.24)
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.41, modified — “metrological” deleted from the term and added to the
start of the definition. Notes to entry deleted.]
3.41
transmitter
electronic control system that provides drive and transforms signals from a flow sensor to give output(s)
of measured and inferred parameters, and that also provides corrections derived from parameters such as
temperature
3.42
update
installation of new system components, hardware or software, which has no effect on the metering result
Note 1 to entry: No testing is required after installation.
3.43
upgrade
installation of new system components, hardware or software, which can have an effect on the metering result
Note 1 to entry: New certification testing is required after installation.
3.44
zero offset
measurement output indicated under zero flow conditions
Note 1 to entry: A zero offset can be caused by stress being applied to the oscillating tubes by the surrounding
pipework and by process conditions.
Note 2 to entry: A zero offset can be reduced by means of adjustment (3.2).
3.45
zero-offset limit
maximum allowable observed zero offset (3.44) in relation to the stored zero value (3.36), used to determine
when to re-zero the flow meter, generally defined by the manufacturer
[SOURCE: API MPMS 5.6:2021, 3.24]
3.46
zero stability
magnitude of the meter output deviation from the stored zero value (3.36) at zero flow after the zero-
adjustment procedure has been completed
Note 1 to entry: It is expressed by the manufacturer as an absolute value in mass per unit time.
Note 2 to entry: The stated value for zero stability is valid for stable conditions where the fluid is free of bubbles and
sediment.
3.47
zero verification procedure
procedure to verify that the zero offset (3.44) does not exceed the zero-offset limit (3.45)
4 Application
Figure 1 shows the application of requirements for bunker cargo loading using an MFM.
Figure 1 — Application of requirements for bunker cargo loading using an MFM
5 Metrological requirements
5.1 General
This clause specifies the MFM’s metrological traceability, calibration and re-calibration requirements for
the approval of the MFM measuring system applicable to the custody transfer of a bunker cargo loading.
The MFM measuring system shall be operated within rated conditions as set out in these requirements (see
5.2 and 5.3) to meet the 0,5 % expanded measurement uncertainty. This clause also specifies the required
maintenance and control of the in-service MFM measuring system.
5.2 Mass flow meter requirements
5.2.1 Every MFM shall be calibrated before custody transfer use for bunker cargo loading. This initial
calibration shall include its adjustment device(s) and ancillary device(s).
5.2.2 The calibration shall be done using bunker fuel or equivalent fluid to meet the traceability and
calibration uncertainty requirements. In cases where the primary calibration facilities are unavailable, the
calibration requirements as stated in 5.2.3 and 5.2.4 shall apply for every MFM before approval for custody
transfer use.
5.2.3 For water calibration (level 1) with direct traceability to SI unit of mass, the maximum error
of measurement shall be not more than ±0,1 % of reading. A laboratory meeting the requirements of
ISO/IEC 17025 shall carry out the calibration.
5.2.4 There shall be a letter, accompanied by relevant supporting documents, declaring that the meter
performance meets the requirement of maximum measurement uncertainty for bunker fuel fluid flow
measurement to be not more than 0,2 % (level 2).
NOTE Supporting documents include type evaluation certificates for regional directives (e.g. EC/EU type
examination), and reports of calibration tests conducted as part of the process in obtaining these type evaluation
certificates.
The report(s), supporting documents and letter shall be issued by either:
a) a national metrology institute; or
b) an appointed International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML) issuing authority.
5.2.5 The MFM calibration report shall comprise the following details in addition to what is in
ISO/IEC 17025:
a) expanded measurement uncertainty;
b) meter errors across the measurement range between the minimum mass flow rate, Q , and the
min
maximum mass flow rate, Q ;
max
c) configuration and parameter setting values, including calibration factors to a specific MFM such as
serial number and stored zero value.
5.2.6 The MFM used for flow measurements shall be calibrated at forward flow directions with at least
five flow rates inclusive of calibrated Q and Q of the MFM. Each flow rate shall have at least three runs
min max
with repeatability of 0,05 % in accordance with API MPMS, Chapter 4.8, Table A-1.
5.3 MFM measuring system requirements
5.3.1 The expanded measurement uncertainty of overall performance of the MFM measuring system shall
be not more than 0,5 %. It should take into consideration the following uncertainty sources:
— meter calibration;
— product condition (e.g. viscosity and density);
— process flow condition (e.g. aeration flow and flow turbulences);
— piping line system configuration and meter installation which can affect measurement conditions;
— any other source that can influence the mass flow measurement.
5.3.2 The expanded measurement uncertainty should include all the uncertainty components outlined in
Table A.1.
5.3.3 The measurement uncertainty shall be assessed and evaluated in accordance with ISO/IEC Guide 98-3.
5.3.4 The requirements of zero-offset limit and zero verification include the following:
a) The maximum permissible zero offset shall be not more than 0,2 % of Q .
min
b) Zero setting and zero verification are required during commissioning. These operations shall be
performed by a third party or an authorized/certified manufacturer agent.
c) Zero setting is done through measuring and storing the zero offset during the no flow condition, so that
a new base line is formed for the measured mass flow when particular criteria (depending on meter
type used) are met.
d) A periodical check on zero stability is required in accordance with the zero verification procedure set
out in 5.4.2 and Annex B.
e) To achieve a proper zero adjustment and zero verification, the status of the Coriolis meter during no
flow should be representative of single-phase flow conditions.
5.3.5 The low flow cut-off setting value shall be not more than 12 % of Q .
min
5.3.6 The operating mass flow rate for custody transfer shall not be less than Q and not more than
min
Q . In addition, the transferred quantity shall not be less than the minimum loaded quantity in order to
max
achieve the requirement of 0,5 % overall expanded measurement uncertainty of the metering system.
5.3.7 The flow measurement error due to aeration effects shall not cause the overall expanded
measurement uncertainty of the MFM measuring system to exceed 0,5 %.
5.4 Post approval maintenance
5.4.1 Meter zero verification frequency
Zero verification shall be done every six months in the first year and annually thereafter. Certified and
authentic copies of the latest zero verification report shall be kept at the terminal.
5.4.2 Zero verification procedure
Zero verification shall be carried out during a forward flow by filling the flow sensor with non-aerated
bunker fuel. Follow the procedures outlined in Annex B.
5.4.3 Meter and ancillary devices verification and/or calibration frequency
The meter shall be verified annually in accordance with the requirements and procedures in ISO 6996. The
meter stability shall not have a variance of more than 0,2 % of reading. The meter should be calibrated when
required.
The ancillary devices shall be verified annually and should be calibrated when required.
NOTE Contractual agreements can apply.
5.4.4 Software upgrade or update
In the event that an upgrade or update of software is required for the MFM measuring system, verification
shall be carried out to confirm that the performance of the MFM measuring system meets the metrological
requirements.
6 System integrity requirements
6.1 General
Clause 6 is intended to be read in conjunction with Clauses 5, 7, 8 and 9. System integrity aims to ensure that:
a) the MFM bunker system is set up and approved for bunker cargo loading in accordance with the system
integrity requirements specified in this document;
b) the MFM bunker system’s measurement is secured against any interference before, during or after
bunker cargo loading, and the bunker cargo quantity as measured is loaded to the bunker tankers.
This clause specifies the requirements and procedures to ensure the system integrity of an MFM bunker
system. It includes documentation, and equipment checks for mechanical, software, electrical and
operational security. It covers the stages of pre-installation, installation, commissioning, operations and
maintenance as well as controls. Follow the metrological and system integrity requirements at each stage as
specified in Table C.1.
6.2 Metrological control
6.2.1 Documentation
The MFM intended for the measurement of bunker cargo is subject to type or pattern evaluation testing to
ensure conformity with the OIML R 117 series. Type evaluation ensures the reliability of the instruments
by prescribing the metrological, technical and construction requirements on the design of the type of
instruments.
6.2.2 Type approval and pattern evaluation
The MFM shall be subject to evaluation in accordance with OIML R 117-1 by OIML’s recognized testing bodies
and appointed issuing authorities and examination programmes or equivalent, to ensure the MFM is:
a) meeting the hardware and software integrity requirements set-out in OIML R 117-1;
b) appropriate for trade use;
c) applicable to bunkering application with characteristics and specifications;
d) evaluated under rated operating conditions.
6.3 Security features
6.3.1 Equipment security
The MFM bunker system shall be sealed against unauthorized adjustment, tampering or dismantling.
6.3.2 Software security
All MFM measuring system software shall be protected to prevent any unauthorized changes to the software
and parameter settings. Any changes to the configuration of the software that affects measurement integrity
shall be authorized by a third party and properly documented. The MFM measuring system shall be able to
trace any changes affecting the custody transfer measurement.
6.3.3 Data security
A data logger shall be installed to record all data obtained from the MFM measuring system. The records
shall include a history of operations, batches and critical alarms for future reference. These data shall be
kept for a minimum of 90 days, or a period otherwise specified by local authorities. Any data interface shall
be secured. The data logger is an integral part of the custody transfer and as such it should be secured to
prevent tampering.
6.3.4 Critical alarm
A critical alarm is activated under the following conditions:
— power failure;
— equipment communication failure;
— meter failure (include flow computer).
Refer to 9.5.1 for the required actions.
6.4 Installation and commissioning
6.4.1 Pre-installation and MFM bunker system sealing plan
The MFM bunker system pipeline shall be designed or modified to meet system integrity requirements.
Identification of the sealing points shall be carried out by the oil terminal at the planning phase of installing
the MFM bunker system. The sealing plan and proposed piping diagram shall be filed and made available for
reference.
All components of the MFM bunker system that affect measurement and system integrity shall be clearly
labelled and sealed by a third party or an authorized/certified manufacturer agent.
Upon completion of sealing of the MFM bunker system, a seal verification report shall be filed by the system
owner and shall be made available upon request for verification.
6.4.2 Installation and re-installation
The terminal shall ensure that the seals of the MFM remain intact and secured at all times, including during
transit and installation. When re-application of the seals is required due to maintenance, the seals shall
remain intact during transit and re-installation.
6.4.3 Commissioning
To ensure the readiness of MFM bunker system, each vendor shall complete a commissioning checklist as
part of the documentation. It is the responsibility of the vendor to ensure that the commissioning of the
MFM bunker
...








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