ISO 120:1977
(Main)Plastics - Phenol-formaldehyde mouldings - Determination of free ammonia and ammonium compounds - Colorimetric comparison method
Plastics - Phenol-formaldehyde mouldings - Determination of free ammonia and ammonium compounds - Colorimetric comparison method
Specification of a semi-quantitative method. The content of free ammonia in a moulded article is of importance, when corrosion of metal inserts or contamination in contact with the article has to be considered. Distillation of the aqueous extract from a powdered test portion, coloration of the distillate by reaction with Nessler reagent and comparison of the colour with that of standard matching solutions.
Plastiques — Pièces moulées à base de phénoplastes — Dosage de l'ammoniac libre et des composés ammoniacaux — Méthode par comparaison colorimétrique
Polimerni materiali - Fenol-formaldehidne smole za oblikovanje - Določanje prostega amoniaka in amonijevih spojin - Kolorimetrična primerjalna metoda
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 30-Sep-1977
- Technical Committee
- ISO/TC 61/SC 12 - Thermosetting materials
- Drafting Committee
- ISO/TC 61/SC 12 - Thermosetting materials
- Current Stage
- 9093 - International Standard confirmed
- Start Date
- 18-Jun-2025
- Completion Date
- 13-Dec-2025
Overview
ISO 120:1977 is an international standard issued by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that specifies a colorimetric comparison method for the semi-quantitative determination of free ammonia and ammonium compounds in phenol-formaldehyde mouldings. This standard is essential for assessing the ammonia content in phenol-formaldehyde plastic products, particularly when metal inserts are used or when potential contamination of foodstuffs in contact with the mouldings must be evaluated.
The method involves hot aqueous extraction, distillation, and colorimetric analysis using Nessler reagent, providing a reliable approach to detect free ammonia that could cause corrosion or contamination issues.
Key Topics
Scope and Application: ISO 120:1977 targets the determination of free ammonia in phenol-formaldehyde mouldings. It is best suited for semi-quantitative analysis rather than providing absolute ammonia levels.
Sample Preparation: The moulded plastic sample is reduced to a powder using standard laboratory methods such as filing, milling, or grinding, taking care to avoid overheating. The powder is sieved to ensure uniform particle size for accurate extraction.
Chemical Reagents: The analysis requires ammonia-free reagents such as potassium permanganate, sodium hydroxide, and the Nessler reagent, alongside standard nitrogen-free distilled water to prevent contamination.
Analytical Principle: Free ammonia is extracted into hot water and then distilled in an alkaline, oxidizing environment to separate it as ammonia gas which is trapped in the distillate. Nessler reagent is added to the distillate causing a color change proportionate to ammonia concentration. The color intensity is then compared to a series of standard ammonia solutions for semi-quantitative measurement.
Performance and Calculation: The test results are expressed as a percentage by mass of ammonia (NH3) based on the colorimetric comparison. Dilution factors are applied if necessary to maintain optimal detection ranges.
Applications
Corrosion Prevention: Evaluation of free ammonia content helps manufacturers and quality control labs monitor and limit ammonia that may corrode metal inserts embedded within phenol-formaldehyde components.
Food Safety: Testing is critical to confirm that phenol-formaldehyde mouldings used in food packaging or kitchen utensils do not release ammonia compounds that might contaminate food products.
Quality Control: The standard serves as a routine quality check to ensure compliance with product safety and durability specifications involving ammonia levels in phenolic plastics.
Referee Testing: In cases of dispute over ammonia content, ISO 120:1977 provides a harmonized and recognized procedure for unbiased verification between producers and clients.
Related Standards
ISO 565: Test Sieves – Specifies woven wire cloth test sieves essential for sample powder clarification before testing as referenced in ISO 120.
ISO 648: Laboratory Glassware – One-mark Pipettes – Outlines requirements for pipettes used in accurate reagent and solution measurement in the analytical procedure.
ISO/TC 61: Plastics Committee – Oversees development and maintenance of related standards on plastics including testing methods relevant to phenol-formaldehyde resins.
Practical Value
Adhering to ISO 120:1977 ensures standardized testing that mitigates risks related to ammonia in phenol-formaldehyde products by enabling:
Consistent monitoring of ammonia emissions during production and post-processing stages.
Protection of metal components within plastics, reducing premature failure caused by chemical corrosion.
Compliance with international regulatory expectations especially in applications involving food packaging and handling.
Efficient communication of test results between manufacturers, testing laboratories, and regulatory authorities via clear, reproducible methodology.
By implementing ISO 120:1977, organizations can enhance the reliability and safety of phenol-formaldehyde mouldings through rigorous ammonia content evaluation, fostering trust and quality assurance in industrial and consumer applications.
ISO 120:1977 - Plastics -- Phenol-formaldehyde mouldings -- Determination of free ammonia and ammonium compounds -- Colorimetric comparison method
ISO 120:1977 - Plastiques -- Pieces moulées a base de phénoplastes -- Dosage de l'ammoniac libre et des composés ammoniacaux -- Méthode par comparaison colorimétrique
ISO 120:1977 - Plastiques -- Pieces moulées a base de phénoplastes -- Dosage de l'ammoniac libre et des composés ammoniacaux -- Méthode par comparaison colorimétrique
Frequently Asked Questions
ISO 120:1977 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Plastics - Phenol-formaldehyde mouldings - Determination of free ammonia and ammonium compounds - Colorimetric comparison method". This standard covers: Specification of a semi-quantitative method. The content of free ammonia in a moulded article is of importance, when corrosion of metal inserts or contamination in contact with the article has to be considered. Distillation of the aqueous extract from a powdered test portion, coloration of the distillate by reaction with Nessler reagent and comparison of the colour with that of standard matching solutions.
Specification of a semi-quantitative method. The content of free ammonia in a moulded article is of importance, when corrosion of metal inserts or contamination in contact with the article has to be considered. Distillation of the aqueous extract from a powdered test portion, coloration of the distillate by reaction with Nessler reagent and comparison of the colour with that of standard matching solutions.
ISO 120:1977 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.080.10 - Thermosetting materials. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ISO 120:1977 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-1996
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL)HQROIRUPDOGHKLGQHVPROH]DREOLNRYDQMH'RORþDQMH
SURVWHJDDPRQLDNDLQDPRQLMHYLKVSRMLQ.RORULPHWULþQDSULPHUMDOQDPHWRGD
Plastics -- Phenol-formaldehyde mouldings -- Determination of free ammonia and
ammonium compounds -- Colorimetric comparison method
Plastiques -- Pièces moulées à base de phénoplastes -- Dosage de l'ammoniac libre et
des composés ammoniacaux -- Méthode par comparaison colorimétrique
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 120:1977
ICS:
83.080.10 Duromeri Thermosetting materials
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION l MEXAYHAPOAHAII OPTAHM3AUW5I I-IO CTAHAAPTW3A~WW.ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Plastics - Phenol-formaldehyde mouldings - Determination
of free ammonia and ammonium compounds - Colorimetric
comparison method
Plastiques - Pikes moulkes 2 base de phenoptastes - Dosage de lfammoniac libre et des composk
ammoniacaux - ASthode par comparaison colorimetrique
First edition - 1977-10-01
UDC 678.632 : (546.171.1 + 547.298.1) : 543.8 Ref. No. ISO 120-1977 (E)
Descriptors : plastics, Phenol formaldehyde resins, mouldings, chemical analysis, determination of content, ammonia, colorimetric analysis,
comparison analysis.
Price based on 2 pages
FOREWORD
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation
of national Standards institutes (ISO member bodies). The work of developing
International Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every
member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been set
up has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated
to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International
Standards by the ISO Council.
International Standard ISO 120 was developed by Technical Committee lSO/TC 61,
Plastics, and was circulated to the member bodies in October 1975.
lt has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries :
Austral ia Iran South Africa, Rep. of
Austria
Israel Spain
Belgium Italy Sweden
Brazil Japan Switzerland
Czechoslovakia Mexico Turkey
Finland Netherlands United Kingdom
France New Zealand U.S.A.
Germany Peru U.S.S. R.
Hungary Poland Yugoslavia
India Romania
No member body expressed disapproval of the document.
This International Standard cancels and replaces ISO Recommendation R 120-1959,
of which it constitutes a technical revision.
0 International Organkation for Standardization, 1977 e
Printed in Switzerland
ISO 120-1977 (E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Plastics - Phenol-formaldehyde mouldings - Determination
of free ammonia and ammonium compounds - Colorimetric
comparison method
5 APPARATUS
1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION
Ordinary laboratory apparatus, and
This International Standard specifies a colorimetric
comparison method for the semi-quantitative determination
of the amount of ammonia in Phenol-formaldehyde
5.1 Means for reducing the mouldings to a powder.
mouldings.
5.2 Sieve, with nominal apertures of 250 ,um, conform-
NOTE - This International Standard does not provide an absolute
ing to ISO 565.
measure of the ammonia present.
The amount of ammonia in a moulded article is of
5.3 Balance, accurate to 0,Ol g.
importante when corrosion of metal inserts or contami-
nation of foodstuffs in contact with the article has to be
5.4 Glas+stoppered flask, 250 ml capacity.
considered.
5.5 Distillation apparatus, comprising a flask of 250 ml
capacity, splash head and a condenser.
2 REFERENCES
ISO 565, Test sieves - Woven me tal wire clo th and
5.6 Filter funnel, with hardened medium Speed filter
perfora ted pla te - Nominal sizes of apertures.
Paper.
ISO 648, Laboratory glassware - One-mark pipettes.
5.7 Pipettes, capacities 2 and 10 ml, complying with the
requirements of ISO 648.
3 PRINCIPLE
5.8 Nessler cylinders, 50 ml capa
...
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION l MEXAYHAPOAHAII OPTAHM3AUW5I I-IO CTAHAAPTW3A~WW.ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Plastics - Phenol-formaldehyde mouldings - Determination
of free ammonia and ammonium compounds - Colorimetric
comparison method
Plastiques - Pikes moulkes 2 base de phenoptastes - Dosage de lfammoniac libre et des composk
ammoniacaux - ASthode par comparaison colorimetrique
First edition - 1977-10-01
UDC 678.632 : (546.171.1 + 547.298.1) : 543.8 Ref. No. ISO 120-1977 (E)
Descriptors : plastics, Phenol formaldehyde resins, mouldings, chemical analysis, determination of content, ammonia, colorimetric analysis,
comparison analysis.
Price based on 2 pages
FOREWORD
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation
of national Standards institutes (ISO member bodies). The work of developing
International Standards is carried out through ISO technical committees. Every
member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been set
up has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated
to the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International
Standards by the ISO Council.
International Standard ISO 120 was developed by Technical Committee lSO/TC 61,
Plastics, and was circulated to the member bodies in October 1975.
lt has been approved by the member bodies of the following countries :
Austral ia Iran South Africa, Rep. of
Austria
Israel Spain
Belgium Italy Sweden
Brazil Japan Switzerland
Czechoslovakia Mexico Turkey
Finland Netherlands United Kingdom
France New Zealand U.S.A.
Germany Peru U.S.S. R.
Hungary Poland Yugoslavia
India Romania
No member body expressed disapproval of the document.
This International Standard cancels and replaces ISO Recommendation R 120-1959,
of which it constitutes a technical revision.
0 International Organkation for Standardization, 1977 e
Printed in Switzerland
ISO 120-1977 (E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
Plastics - Phenol-formaldehyde mouldings - Determination
of free ammonia and ammonium compounds - Colorimetric
comparison method
5 APPARATUS
1 SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION
Ordinary laboratory apparatus, and
This International Standard specifies a colorimetric
comparison method for the semi-quantitative determination
of the amount of ammonia in Phenol-formaldehyde
5.1 Means for reducing the mouldings to a powder.
mouldings.
5.2 Sieve, with nominal apertures of 250 ,um, conform-
NOTE - This International Standard does not provide an absolute
ing to ISO 565.
measure of the ammonia present.
The amount of ammonia in a moulded article is of
5.3 Balance, accurate to 0,Ol g.
importante when corrosion of metal inserts or contami-
nation of foodstuffs in contact with the article has to be
5.4 Glas+stoppered flask, 250 ml capacity.
considered.
5.5 Distillation apparatus, comprising a flask of 250 ml
capacity, splash head and a condenser.
2 REFERENCES
ISO 565, Test sieves - Woven me tal wire clo th and
5.6 Filter funnel, with hardened medium Speed filter
perfora ted pla te - Nominal sizes of apertures.
Paper.
ISO 648, Laboratory glassware - One-mark pipettes.
5.7 Pipettes, capacities 2 and 10 ml, complying with the
requirements of ISO 648.
3 PRINCIPLE
5.8 Nessler cylinders, 50 ml capacity.
Hot aqueous extraction of free ammonia from a powdered
Distillation of the aqueous extract in the
test Portion.
presence of potassium permanganate and sodium hydroxide
Solution. Coloration of the distillate by reaction with 6 PREPARATION OF TEST SAMPLE
Nessler reagent and comparison of the colour with that
Reduce a fully representative Sample of the mouldings to
obtained in each of a series of Standard matthing solutions.
powd
...
NORME INTERNATIONALE
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION l MEXAYHAPOAHAfi OPTAHW3AWX l-I0 flAHAAPTC13AWYI*ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Plastiques - Pièces moulées à base de phénoplastes - Dosage
de l’ammoniac libre et des composés ammoniacaux -
Méthode par comparaison calorimétrique
Determination of free ammonia and ammonium
Plastics - Phenol-formaldeh yde mouldings -
compounds - Colorimetric comparison method
Première édition - 1977-10-01
Réf. no : ISO 120-1977 (F)
CDU 678.632 : (546.171.1 + 547.298.1) : 543.8
AVANT-PROPOS
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale
d’organismes nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de I’ISO). L’élaboration
des Normes internationales est confiée aux comités techniques de I’ISO. Chaque
comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partiedu comité technique
correspondant.
Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec I’ISO, participent également aux travaux.
Les projets de Normes internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont
soumis aux comités membres pour approbation, avant leur acceptation comme
Normes internationales par le Conseil de I’ISO.
La Norme internationale ISO 120 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 61,
Matières plastiques, et a été soumise aux comités membres en octobre 1975.
Les comités membres des pays suivants l’ont approuvée :
Afrique du Sud, Rép. d’ Roumanie
Inde
Royaume-Uni
Al lemagne Iran
Suède
Australie Israël
Autriche Suisse
Italie
Belgique Tchécoslovaquie
Japon
Brésil Mexique Turquie
Espagne Nouvelle-Zélande U.R.S.S.
Finlande Pays-Bas U.S.A.
France Pérou Yougoslavie
Hongrie
Pologne
Aucun comité membre ne l’a désapprouvée.
Cette Norme internationale annule et remplace la Recommandation ISO/R 1204959,
dont elle constitue une révision technique.
0 Organisation internationale de normalisation, 1977 0
Imprimé en Suisse
60 120-1977 (F)
NORME INTERNATIONALE
Pièces moulées à base de phénoplastes - Dosage
Plastiques -
de l’ammoniac libre et des composés ammoniacaux -
Méthode par comparaison calorimétrique
4.4 Réactif de Nessler.
1 OBJET ET DOMAINE D’APPLICATION
La présente Norme internationale spécifie une méthode par
comparaison calorimétrique pour le dosage approximatif de
l’ammoniac dans les pièces moulées à base de phénoplastes.
5 APPAREILLAGE
NOTE - La présente Norme internationale ne prétend pas au dosage
Matériel courant de laboratoire, et
exact de l’ammoniac existant.
La teneur en ammoniac d’une pièce moulée peut être utile
5.1 Dispositif, permettant de réduire en poudre les pièces
à l’appréciation des risques de corrosion des insertions
moulées.
métalliques, ou d’altération des produits alimentaires ou
autres venant au contact de cette pièce.
5.2 Tamis, d’ouverture de maille nominale 250 prn,
conforme à I’ISO 565.
2 RÉFÉRENCES
5.3 Balance, précise à 0,Ol g.
ISO 565, Tamis de contrôle - Toiles métalliques et tôles
perforées - Dimensions nominales des ouvertures.
5.4 Flacon en verre, bouché émeri, de capacité 250 ml.
ISO 648, Verrerie de laboratoire - Pipettes à un trait. 1 )
5.5 Appareil de distillation, comprenant entre autres un
ballon à long col, de capacité 250 ml, et un réfrigérant.
\
3 PRINCIPE
Extraction à chaud de l’ammoniac libre d’une prise d’essai,
5.6 Entonnoir filtrant, avec papier filtre rigide pour
réduite à l’état de poudre, par l’eau. Distillation de l’extrait
filtration moyenne.
aqueux, en présence de permanganate de potassium et
d’une solution d’hydroxyde de sodium. Formation d’une
5.7 Pipettes, de capacité 2 et 10 ml, conformes à
coloration par réaction du réactif de Nessler avec le distillat
I’ISO 648.
et comparaison de cette coloration avec celle qui est
obtenue avec une série de solutions témoins.
5.8 Tubes de Nessler, de capacité 50 ml.
4 REACTIFS
Au cours de l’analyse, n’utiliser que des réactifs exempts
6 PRÉPARATION DE L’ÉCHANTILLON POUR ESSAI
d’ammoniac et de qualité analytique reconnue, et que de
l’eau distillée ou de l’eau de pureté équivalente exempte Réduire
...
NORME INTERNATIONALE
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION l MEXAYHAPOAHAfi OPTAHW3AWX l-I0 flAHAAPTC13AWYI*ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Plastiques - Pièces moulées à base de phénoplastes - Dosage
de l’ammoniac libre et des composés ammoniacaux -
Méthode par comparaison calorimétrique
Determination of free ammonia and ammonium
Plastics - Phenol-formaldeh yde mouldings -
compounds - Colorimetric comparison method
Première édition - 1977-10-01
Réf. no : ISO 120-1977 (F)
CDU 678.632 : (546.171.1 + 547.298.1) : 543.8
AVANT-PROPOS
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale
d’organismes nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de I’ISO). L’élaboration
des Normes internationales est confiée aux comités techniques de I’ISO. Chaque
comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit de faire partiedu comité technique
correspondant.
Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales et non
gouvernementales, en liaison avec I’ISO, participent également aux travaux.
Les projets de Normes internationales adoptés par les comités techniques sont
soumis aux comités membres pour approbation, avant leur acceptation comme
Normes internationales par le Conseil de I’ISO.
La Norme internationale ISO 120 a été élaborée par le comité technique ISO/TC 61,
Matières plastiques, et a été soumise aux comités membres en octobre 1975.
Les comités membres des pays suivants l’ont approuvée :
Afrique du Sud, Rép. d’ Roumanie
Inde
Royaume-Uni
Al lemagne Iran
Suède
Australie Israël
Autriche Suisse
Italie
Belgique Tchécoslovaquie
Japon
Brésil Mexique Turquie
Espagne Nouvelle-Zélande U.R.S.S.
Finlande Pays-Bas U.S.A.
France Pérou Yougoslavie
Hongrie
Pologne
Aucun comité membre ne l’a désapprouvée.
Cette Norme internationale annule et remplace la Recommandation ISO/R 1204959,
dont elle constitue une révision technique.
0 Organisation internationale de normalisation, 1977 0
Imprimé en Suisse
60 120-1977 (F)
NORME INTERNATIONALE
Pièces moulées à base de phénoplastes - Dosage
Plastiques -
de l’ammoniac libre et des composés ammoniacaux -
Méthode par comparaison calorimétrique
4.4 Réactif de Nessler.
1 OBJET ET DOMAINE D’APPLICATION
La présente Norme internationale spécifie une méthode par
comparaison calorimétrique pour le dosage approximatif de
l’ammoniac dans les pièces moulées à base de phénoplastes.
5 APPAREILLAGE
NOTE - La présente Norme internationale ne prétend pas au dosage
Matériel courant de laboratoire, et
exact de l’ammoniac existant.
La teneur en ammoniac d’une pièce moulée peut être utile
5.1 Dispositif, permettant de réduire en poudre les pièces
à l’appréciation des risques de corrosion des insertions
moulées.
métalliques, ou d’altération des produits alimentaires ou
autres venant au contact de cette pièce.
5.2 Tamis, d’ouverture de maille nominale 250 prn,
conforme à I’ISO 565.
2 RÉFÉRENCES
5.3 Balance, précise à 0,Ol g.
ISO 565, Tamis de contrôle - Toiles métalliques et tôles
perforées - Dimensions nominales des ouvertures.
5.4 Flacon en verre, bouché émeri, de capacité 250 ml.
ISO 648, Verrerie de laboratoire - Pipettes à un trait. 1 )
5.5 Appareil de distillation, comprenant entre autres un
ballon à long col, de capacité 250 ml, et un réfrigérant.
\
3 PRINCIPE
Extraction à chaud de l’ammoniac libre d’une prise d’essai,
5.6 Entonnoir filtrant, avec papier filtre rigide pour
réduite à l’état de poudre, par l’eau. Distillation de l’extrait
filtration moyenne.
aqueux, en présence de permanganate de potassium et
d’une solution d’hydroxyde de sodium. Formation d’une
5.7 Pipettes, de capacité 2 et 10 ml, conformes à
coloration par réaction du réactif de Nessler avec le distillat
I’ISO 648.
et comparaison de cette coloration avec celle qui est
obtenue avec une série de solutions témoins.
5.8 Tubes de Nessler, de capacité 50 ml.
4 REACTIFS
Au cours de l’analyse, n’utiliser que des réactifs exempts
6 PRÉPARATION DE L’ÉCHANTILLON POUR ESSAI
d’ammoniac et de qualité analytique reconnue, et que de
l’eau distillée ou de l’eau de pureté équivalente exempte Réduire
...
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