ISO/DIS 15082

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 15082
ISO/TC 22/SC 11 Secretariat: ANSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2014-10-28 2015-01-28
Road vehicles — Tests for rigid plastic safety glazing
materials

Véhicules routiers — Essais pour les vitrages de sécurité rigides en matières plastiques

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Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

International Standard ISO 15082 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee

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This International Standard specifies all test methods relating to the safety requirements for rigid plastic safety

glazing materials in a road vehicle, regardless of the type of plastic of which they are composed.

NOTE Plastic safety glazing materials are classified as rigid or flexible by use of the test described in Annex A.

The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of

this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these

publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to

investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For

undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC

ISO 48:1994, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and

ISO 3538:1997, Road vehicles — Safety glazing materials — Test methods for optical properties.

ISO 3795:1989 Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Determination of burning

ISO 3917:1999, Road vehicles — Safety glazing materials — Test methods for resistance to radiation, high

ISO 4892-2:1994, Plastics — Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources — Part 2: Xenon-arc sources.

ISO 20566:2006, Paint and varnishes – Determination of the scratch resistance of a coating system using a

ISO 5725-2 :2002, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results - Part 2: Basic method

for the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method (ISO 5725-2:1994

For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 3536 apply.

Unless otherwise specified, the tests shall be carried out under the following conditions:

Unless otherwise specified, all test specimens to be tested shall be conditioned prior to testing under the following

For certain types of safety glazing material, it is not necessary to carry out all the tests specified in this International

Determine the fragmentation characteristics of plastic safety glazing materials at ambient temperature.

8.2.1 Head-form weight, with a spherical or semi-spherical head made of laminated hardwood covered with

replaceable felt and with or without a cross- beam made of wood. Between the spherical part and the cross-beam,

there is a neck shaped intermediate piece and on the other side of the cross-beam, a mounting rod.

8.2.2 Means for dropping the head-form weight freely from a height to be specified, or means for giving the

When a device to project the head-form weight is used, the tolerance on velocity shall be ± 1 % of the velocity

8.2.3 Supporting fixture, as shown in Figure 2, for testing flat test specimens. The fixture is composed of two

steel frames, with 50 mm wide machined edges, fitting one over the other and faced with rubber gaskets about 3

mm thick, and 15 mm ± 1 mm wide, of hardness 70 IRHD, measured in accordance with ISO 48. The upper frame

is pressed against the lower frame by at least eight bolts; the minimum recommended torque for M20 bolts is 30

Nm. Alternatively, other pressing techniques may be used, e.g. hydraulic or pneumatic pressing. (Reference to

Test specimens shall be flat rectangles with length 1 100 mm mm and width 500 mm mm.

Place a conditioned test specimen in the supporting fixture (Figure 2); the torque on the bolts, or the amount of

hydraulic or pneumatic pressure, shall ensure that the movement of the test specimen during the test will not

exceed 2 mm. The plane of the test specimen shall be substantially perpendicular to the incident direction of the

The head-form weight shall strike the test specimen, from a height to be specified, within 40 mm of its centre on

that face which represents the inside face of the plastic safety glazing material when mounted on the vehicle, and

Evaluate the fracture characteristics of the plastic safety glazing material by recording whether the test specimen

did not break and the head-form was supported, or the test specimen broke and the head-form was supported, or

the test specimen broke and the head-form was not supported. Record the drop height for each impact test.

In the event of fracture, evaluate the plastic safety glazing material by recording the smallest angle between two

adjacent sides of resulting fragments and the area, longest dimension, and weight of the largest fragment. Record

this data for the fragments remaining in the supporting fixture and for those that are dislodged from the supporting

Assessment of the minimum strength and fragmentation characteristics of plastic safety glazing materials under

impact from a blunt, bulky object at ambient temperature. The danger of skull-brain-injuries is assessed by

Unless otherwise specified, the test shall be carried out under the following conditions:

Unless otherwise specified, the test pieces to be tested shall be conditioned prior to testing under the following

To perform the head-form test with deceleration measurement, a test apparatus according to Figure 3 can be used.

The head-form (Paragraph 9.4.1 and Figure 4) is fixed to the cross arm of the guide system and moved to the

required drop height by means of a lifting device. To start the drop test the cross arm with the head-form is

released. After passing the height-adjustable light barrier the head-form is released from the cross arm, the cross

arm’s fall is dampened and the head-form drops onto the test piece. Instead of the data transmission via cables,

wireless data transmission (e.g. radio transmission) may be used. In this case the guide system can be omitted

9.4.1 Head-form weight: head-form (as shown in Figure 4 for data transmission via co-axial (BNC) cables)

with total mass of 10.0 kg +0.2/-0.0 kg, which allows the simultaneous determination of HIC-values. The

components of the head-form according to Figure 4 are listed in Table 1. In the middle of the base plate (24) the tri-

axial mounting block (26) is mounted in the centre of gravity to hold the acceleration gauges (27). The acceleration

The basin (18) and cover (19) situated under the base plate (24) share, to a great extent, the elastic properties of

the human skull. The elastic properties of the head-form on impact are determined by the hardness and the

If wireless data transmission is used instead of transmission via co-axial cables, it must be ensured that those

electronic components additionally installed in the head-form do not influence mass, gravity centre point and spring

force of the head-form. Those electronic components must be installed on the base plate (24) only. A mass

correction, if necessary, is also restricted to the base plate at that surface which faces the hollow space within the

head-form. If additional miniature components for controlling of the electronic modules are required (e.g. micro

switches, loading sockets for voltage supply), these may replace the co-axial cables. In this case the original holes

in the cover plate (29) and the protective cap (30) have to be used for the installation and wiring.

9.4.2 Measuring device – for recording and evaluation of the measured deceleration curves a (t), a (t) and

(t), transmitted from the head-form acceleration gauges via cables or wireless: acceleration gauges, measuring

and recording instruments according to ISO 6487, channel-amplitude class CAC 5000 m/s² and channel-

1 These components are unnecessary in case of wireless data transmission. In this case other components

for data transmission are installed in the head-form (e.g. radio transmitter), ref. Paragraph 9.4.1.

9.4.3 Supporting fixture for testing flat test specimens, as shown in Figure 5. The fixture is composed

of two steel frames, with machined edges, 50 mm wide, fitting one over the other and faced with rubber gaskets

about 3 mm thick, and 50 mm +1/-0 mm wide, of hardness 70 IRHD, determined in accordance with ISO 48. The

upper frame is pressed against the lower frame by at least eight bolts; the minimum recommended torque for

M20 bolts is 30 Nm. Alternatively, other pressing techniques may be used, e.g. hydraulic or pneumatic pressing

9.4.4 Supporting fixture for testing complete panes: The support shall consist of a rigid piece

corresponding to the shape of the pane so that the head-form weight faces the internal surface. The pane shall

be clamped to the supporting structure by means of appropriate devices, with interposed stripes of rubber of

hardness 70 IRHD, determined in accordance with ISO 48, and thickness of about 3 mm, the width of contact

9.4.5.1 Drop appliance which must allow drop heights between 50 mm and 254 mm to be adjusted exactly to

9.4.5.2 Impact plate made of steel, dimensions 600 mm x 600 mm, minimum thickness 50 mm, flatness

Before each test series and no later than each 50 tests within a series, the head-form must be calibrated and

The impact plate must be clean and dry and must lie non-positively on a concrete base during the calibration

procedure. Alternatively the impact plate may be placed in a massive supporting device if this device is connected

The head-form is allowed to hit the impact plate vertically. The drop heights (measured from the lowest point of the

head-form to the surface of the impact plate) are 50, 100, 150 and 254 mm. The deceleration curves shall be

The greatest deceleration a from the various drop heights on the z-axis must lie within the limits given in Table 2.

Table 2: Greatest deceleration a on the z-axis which must be reached for calibration, depending on the

The deceleration curves must be based on a uni-modal oscillation. The deceleration curve of the drop height of 254

If the requirements given above are not met, the elastic properties of the head-form must be adjusted by varying

the thickness of the intermediate ring (13) of the base plate (24). Corrections can be carried out by adjusting the

three self-locking hexagonal nuts (8) on the threaded bolts (16) by which the basin (18) is fixed to the base plate

(24). The rubber rings (10) under the hexagonal nuts (8) must not be brittle or cracked.

The cover (19) of the impact surface and the intermediate ring (13) must be replaced if damaged; especially they

must always be replaced simultaneously if the head-form can no longer be adjusted.

9.6 Test Pieces: Flat test specimens (1170 mm +0/-2 mm x 570 mm +0/-2 mm) or complete panes shall be

9.7 Test Procedure: In case of flat test specimens, fix the specimen in the supporting frames (Paragraph

9.4.3). In case of tests on complete panes, clamp the pane to a support which has a shape corresponding to the

The torque on the bolts respectively the amount of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure shall ensure that the movement

The plane of the test piece shall be substantially perpendicular to the incident direction of the weight. The head-

form weight shall strike the test piece within 40 mm of its geometric centre on that face which represents the inward

face of the safety glazing pane when the latter is mounted on the vehicle, and shall be allowed to make only one

In case of data transmission via co-axial cables, the head-form is fixed to the cross arm of the guide system (ref.

Figure3) and moved to the required drop height which depends on the desired impact velocity. In case of tests on

complete panes, drop heights between 1.5 m and 3 m are used if not specified otherwise. The cross arm which

carries the head-form is released. After passing the height-adjustable light barrier the head-form is released from

the cross arm, the cross arm’s drop is dampened and the head-form drops onto the test piece.

In case of wireless data transmission, the guide system can be omitted. The head-form is fixed directly to the upper

release device of the lifting unit and moved to the required drop height. The head-form is released and drops freely

No impulse may be given to the head-form by the drop appliance or by the data-transmission cables (if applicable),

The values of the greatest deceleration a are maximum values of the deceleration curves a (t), expressed in multiples of g

The drop height is the distance between the lowest point of the head-form and the upper surface of the test piece.

The deceleration curves occurring on impact on the test piece for a , a and a shall be recorded versus time t.

After the head-form weight has impacted the test piece, it shall be checked whether a glazing edge has moved

more than 2 mm in the support and whether the requirement for the point of impact was met. The acceleration

The resulting deceleration a (t) in the centre of gravity shall be calculated according to equation (1) from the

measured deceleration curves a (t), a (t) and a (t) as multiple of the acceleration due to gravity g, expressed in

The period for which the deceleration a exceeds the value of 80 g continually, and the greatest value of a shall

be determined. The HIC-value as a measure of the danger of blunt skull-brain-injuries shall be calculated

point of time selected for the calculation as start point of the deceleration measurement, in

point of time selected for the calculation as end point of the deceleration measurement, in seconds;

a resulting deceleration according to equation (1) as multiple of the acceleration due to gravity g,

The integration limits t and t shall be selected in such a way that the function f(t)gets a maximum value.

Evaluate the fracture characteristics of the plastic safety glazing material by recording whether the test piece did

not break and the head-form was supported, or the test piece broke and the head-form was supported, or the test

piece broke and the head-form was not supported. In the event of fracture, report if or not the piece broke into fully

 The period for which the resulting deceleration a exceeded the value of 80 g continually;

Determination of whether the plastic safety glazing material has a certain minimum strength and cohesion under

10.1.2.1 Hardened steel ball, with a mass of 227 g ± 2 g and a diameter of approximately 38 mm.

10.1.2.2 Means for dropping the ball freely from a height to be specified, or means for giving the ball a velocity

When a device to project the ball is used, the tolerance on velocity shall be ± 1 % of the velocity equivalent to that

10.1.2.3 Supporting fixture, such as that shown in Figure 6, composed of two steel frames with 15 mm wide

machined borders, fitting one over the other and faced with rubber gaskets about 3 mm thick and 15 mm wide, of

The lower frame rests on a steel box, about 150 mm high. The test specimen is held in place by the upper frame,

the mass of which is about 3 kg. The supporting frame is welded on a sheet of steel about 12 mm thick, resting on

the floor, with an interposed sheet of rubber, about 3 mm thick, of hardness 50 IRHD measured in accordance with

Place a conditioned test specimen in the supporting fixture and conduct the impact test at once. To minimize the

temperature change of the test specimen, the test should take place as quickly as possible (within 30 s of its

removal from the conditioning appliance). The plane of the test specimen shall be perpendicular, within 3°, to the

incident direction of the ball. When necessary to retain the test specimen in the fixture, it shall be clamped to

ensure that the movement of the test specimen during the test will not exceed 2 mm at any point along the inside

The point of impact shall be within 25 mm of the geometric centre of the test specimen for a drop height less than

or equal to 6 m, and within 50 mm of the geometric centre of the test specimen for a drop height greater than 6 m.

The ball shall strike the surface of the test specimen which represents the outside face of the plastic safety glazing

Evaluate the strength, type, and extent of damage to the test specimen. Record the drop height, and temperature

for each test specimen and whether the test specimen supported or did not support the 227 g ball.

Determination of whether the plastic safety glazing material has a certain minimum penetration resistance under

10.2.2.1 Hardened steel ball, with a mass of 2 260 g ± 20 g and a diameter of approximately 82 mm.

10.2.2.2 Means for dropping the ball freely from a height to be specified, or means for giving the ball a

When a device to project the ball is used, the tolerance on velocity shall be ± 1 % of the velocity equivalent to that

10.2.2.3 Supporting fixture, such as that shown in Figure 6 and specified in Paragraph 10.1.2.3.

Test specimens shall be flat squares with 300 mm mm sides or shall be cut out from the flattes