ISO 20140-1:2019

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20140-1
Second edition
2019-09
Automation systems and
integration — Evaluating energy
efficiency and other factors of
manufacturing systems that influence
the environment —
Part 1:
Overview and general principles
Systèmes d'automatisation et intégration — Évaluation de l'efficacité
énergétique et autres facteurs de fabrication des systèmes qui
influencent l'environnement —
Partie 1: Aperçu et principes généraux
Reference number
©
ISO 2019
© ISO 2019
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ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Environmental performance evaluation of manufacturing systems.4
4.1 Manufacturing system life cycle phases and product life cycle phases . 4
4.2 Manufacturing system life cycle steps and their environmental influence . 5
5 Requirements for environmental performance evaluation . 6
Annex A (informative) Use cases of ISO 20140 . 7
Bibliography . 9
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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electrotechnical standardization.
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described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 184, Automation systems and integration,
Subcommittee SC 5, Interoperability, integration, and architectures for enterprise systems and automation
applications.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20140-1:2013), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— updates to the text to maintain consistency with other parts of ISO 20140;
— transfer of some content to other parts of ISO 20140;
— improvements to Figures 1 and 2 and deletion of Figures 3 and 4;
— deletion of Annexes A, B, D, E and F and renumbering of Annex C as Annex A.
A list of all parts in the ISO 20140 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

Introduction
ISO 20140 specifies a method for evaluating the energy efficiency and other factors of a manufacturing
system that influence the environment, such as energy consumption, waste and release.
ISO 20140 is applicable to manufacturing systems for discrete, batch, and continuous manufacturing.
ISO 20140 focuses on manufacturing systems that have a hierarchical structure.
ISO 20140 can be used for:
— benchmarking of environmental performance against a generic reference manufacturing system or
comparing between different manufacturing systems;
— alternative studies for improving environmental performance;
— setting target of environmental performance improvement;
— monitoring the shop floor operations by visualizing the environmental performance of a
manufacturing system.
Expected users of ISO 20140 are:
a) managers who are responsible for environmental conditions of a manufacturing system;
b) engineers who plan manufacturing process for each product;
c) planners and designers who design a manufacturing system;
d) engineers and foremen who are responsible for manufacturing products.
This document provides the overview and general principles of the method.
The environmental performance of a manufacturing system significantly contributes to the overall
life cycle environmental performance of the manufactured product. The environmental performance
evaluation of the manufacturing process in smart industries is a substantial contribution to the product
life cycle environmental performance evaluation and thus an important contribution to a circular
economy.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20140-1:2019(E)
Automation systems and integration — Evaluating energy
efficiency and other factors of manufacturing systems that
influence the environment —
Part 1:
Overview and general principles
1 Scope
This document provides the overview and general principles of a method for evaluating environmental
performance, including energy efficiency and other factors, of a manufacturing system that influence
the environment.
This document is applicable to manufacturing systems for discrete, batch, and continuous
manufacturing. This document is applicable to an entire manufacturing system and to a part of the
manufacturing system.
Life cycle assessment of products manufactured by the manufacturing system is outside the scope of
ISO 20140.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 20140-2:2018, Automation systems and integration — Evaluating energy efficiency and other
factors of manufacturing systems that influence the environment — Part 2: Environmental performance
evaluation process
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
3.1
construction, reconfiguration or retirement step
CRR step
step of a life cycle (3.11) of a manufacturing system (3.15) other than an operation step
3.2
energy
electricity, fuels, steam, heat, compressed air, and other similar media
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.1, modified — Note to entry has been removed.]
3.3
energy efficiency
ratio or other quantitative relationship between an output of performance, service, goods, commodities,
or energy (3.2), and an input of energy
EXAMPLE Conversion efficiency; energy required/energy consumed.
Note 1 to entry: Both input and output should be clearly specified in terms of quantity and quality and be
measurable.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.3]
3.4
environment
surroundings in which an organization operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora,
fauna, humans, and their interrelationships
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.1, modified — Notes to entry have been removed.]
3.5
environmental aspect
element of an organization’s activities or products or services that interacts or can interact with the
environment (3.4)
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.2, modified — Notes to entry have been removed.]
3.6
environmental characteristics data
ECD
characteristics and/or performance specifications related to an environmental aspect (3.5), both
acquired by measurement and declared by the equipment suppliers
3.7
environmental impact
change to the environment (3.4), whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an
organization’s environmental aspects (3.5)
[SOURCE: ISO 14001:2015, 3.2.4]
3.8
environmental influence
result of manufacturing process (3.14) that can cause environmental impacts (3.7) and that is considered
throughout the life cycle (3.11) of the manufacturing system (3.15) associated with the process
Note 1 to entry: Environmental influence, such as energy (3.2) consumed and CO2 emitted, can cause
environmental impacts, such as global warming and sea level rise.
EXAMPLE Amount of electric energy consumed; amount of CO2 emitted; amount of hazardous substance
discharged.
[SOURCE: ISO 20140-2:2018, 3.3]
3.9
environmental performance
measurable result related to environmental aspects (3.5)
[SOURCE: ISO 14045:2012, 3.5]
2 © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

3.10
environmental performance evaluation data
EPE data
data that are used to evaluate the environmental performance (3.9)
[SOURCE: ISO 20140-5:2017, 3.6, modified — The word "can" has been replaced with "are" and the words
"for environmental performance evaluation" have been replaced with "to evaluate the environmental
performance".]
3.11
life cycle
evolution of a system, product, service, project or other human-made entity from conception through
retirement
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC/IEEE 15288:2015, 4.1.23]
3.12
life cycle phase
sub-division of a life cycle (3.11)
EXAMPLE Life cycle phases of a manufacturing system (3.15) are design, construction/reconfiguration,
operation and retirement.
3.13
life cycle step
occurrence or instance of generic life cycle phase (3.12)
3.14
manufacturing process
structured set of activities involving a flow and/or transformation of material, information, energy
(3.2), or any other element in a manufacturing area
[SOURCE: ISO 18435-1:2009, 3.16, modified — The words “set of processes in manufacturing” have been
replaced with “structured set of activities” and the word “control” has been deleted.]
3.15
manufacturing system
system for performing manufacturing processes (3.14)
3.16
other resource
input to a manufacturing system (3.15) other than equipment and material
EXAMPLE Energy (3.2); coolant and lubricant; air conditioning and lighting.
3.17
release
emission to air and discharge to water and soil
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.30, modified — The term has been changed to the singular form and the
words "emissions" and "discharges" have been replaced with "emission" and "discharge" respectively.]
3.18
residual CRR influence
environmental influence (3.8) of equipment, which is still residual after offset through the specific term
of construction, reconfiguration or retirement influence charge/offset process and/or at the time of
retirement
3.19
waste
substances or objects which the holder intends or is required to dispose of
[SOURCE: ISO 14040:2006, 3.35, modified — Note to entry has been removed.]
4 Environmental performance evaluation of manufacturing systems
4.1 Manufacturing system life cycle phases and product life cycle phases
Every manufacturing system has a life cycle comprised of the phases of design, construction/
reconfiguration, operation and retirement.
A manufacturing system manufactures products during the manufacturing system operation phase,
which includes the product manufacturing phase at the intersection point of the life cycle of both the
manufacturing system and the product
...