ISO 20819-1:2020

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20819-1
First edition
2020-04
Plastics — Wood-plastic recycled
composites (WPRC) —
Part 1:
Specification
Plastiques — Composites recyclés bois-plastique (WPRC) —
Partie 1: Spécifications
Reference number
ISO 20819-1:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020

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ISO 20819-1:2020(E)

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© ISO 2020
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Published in Switzerland
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ISO 20819-1:2020(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Recycled material content . 2
4.1 Indication of the recycled material content . 2
4.2 Classification of the recycled material content . 2
4.3 Formulae for calculating the recycled material content, R . 3
5 Raw materials . 5
5.1 Traceability of raw materials . 5
5.2 Woody raw materials . 5
5.3 Plastic raw materials. 5
5.4 Other raw materials . 5
6 Raw material proportions . 5
6.1 Proportion (mass fraction) of woody raw materials . 5
6.2 Proportion (mass fraction) of plastic raw materials . 6
7 Classification . 6
8 Health and safety requirements for materials . 6
9 Test methods . 7
9.1 Sampling of test pieces . 7
9.2 Health and safety tests . 8
9.2.1 Tests for the volume of volatile substances emitted . 8
9.2.2 Toxic substance elution test . 8
10 Labelling . 9
11 Reports.10
Annex A (normative) Classification of woody raw materials accepted as recycled materials.11
Annex B (informative) Classification of plastic raw materials accepted as recycled materials .13
Bibliography .14
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ISO 20819-1:2020(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, SC 11, Products.
This first edition of ISO 20819-1 cancels and replaces ISO 20819:2018, which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the condition of method B (emission test chamber method) has been described more precisely;
— the former Annex A has been divided to Annexes A and B.
A list of all parts in the ISO 20819 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20819-1:2020(E)
Plastics — Wood-plastic recycled composites (WPRC) —
Part 1:
Specification
1 Scope
This document specifies the types and proportions of raw materials to be used for wood-plastic recycled
composites (hereafter referred to as WPRC). It also specifies the health and safety requirements for
WPRC and the methods to test these properties.
This document is applicable to WPRC which are primarily used as building materials.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 472, Plastics — Vocabulary
ISO 12460-4, Wood-based panels — Determination of formaldehyde release — Part 4: Desiccator method
ISO 12846, Water quality — Determination of mercury — Method using atomic absorption spectrometry
(AAS) with and without enrichment
ISO 13061-1, Physical and mechanical properties of wood — Test methods for small clear wood specimens —
Part 1: Determination of moisture content for physical and mechanical tests
ISO 16000-3, Indoor air — Part 3: Determination of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds in indoor
air and test chamber air — Active sampling method
ISO 16000-9, Indoor air — Part 9: Determination of the emission of volatile organic compounds from
building products and furnishing — Emission test chamber method
ISO 17294-2, Water quality — Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) —
Part 2: Determination of selected elements including uranium isotopes
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 472 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
wood-plastic recycled composite
WPRC
mixture of woody material/natural fibre and thermoplastics, composited by means of plastic moulding
and containing recycled material (3.2) as raw material forming at least 40 % of the total composite mass
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ISO 20819-1:2020(E)

3.2
recycled material
woody raw material (3.4), recycled plastic raw material, or other recyclable material that is disposed of
as waste, which can be used as a raw material of wood-plastic recycled composite (3.1)
Note 1 to entry: Different national standards regarding raw material of recycled plastics which consist of
halogenated flame retardant should be taken into account.
3.3
virgin material
plastics and other material in the form of pellets, granules, powder, floc, etc., that has not been subjected
to use or processing other than that required for its initial manufacture
3.4
woody raw material
plant-derived virgin woody or herb-based material, or plant-derived secondary product to which some
processing such as selection, crushing, or grinding has been applied, or woody material included in a
WPRC for re-use, that is used as a raw material of wood-plastic recycled composite (3.1)
Note 1 to entry: Woody raw material does not include plant-derived plastic materials nor ashes of burned plant-
derived materials.
3.5
other raw material
raw material used in wood-plastic recycled composite (3.1) other than woody raw material (3.4) and
plastic raw material
3.6
non-foaming material
wood-plastic recycled composite (3.1) that does not contain internal air voids
3.7
cellular material
wood-plastic recycled composite (3.1) containing internal air voids scattered primarily for the purpose
of weight reduction
Note 1 to entry: Cellular material can include material integrated with a non-foaming material using methods
such as multilayer moulding.
4 Recycled material content
4.1 Indication of the recycled material content
The recycled material content of WPRC is defined as the ratio of the mass of the recycled materials used
to the total mass of material, and shall be indicated as a percentage.
The numerical value of the recycled material content shall be rounded off to the nearest integer.
4.2 Classification of the recycled material content
The classification of recycled material content of WPRC and symbols used to indicate the classification
shall be as listed in Table 1.
Table 1 — Classification and symbols of recycled material content
Content classification Symbol
≥ 40 % R40
≥ 50 % R50
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ISO 20819-1:2020(E)

Table 1 (continued)
Content classification Symbol
≥ 60 % R60
≥ 70 % R70
≥ 80 % R80
≥ 90 % R90
Use of the symbol for recycled material content of WPRC indicates that the product thus classified
contributes to waste reduction, or is an environmentally friendly product/material promoting sound
foresting and forest sink measures as well as environmental/land conservation.
4.3 Formulae for calculating the recycled material content, R
4.3.1 The recycled material content R of WPRC is calculated using mass values according to Formula (1):
mm++m
WR PR FR
R= ×100 (1)
m
where
R is the recycled material content, expressed as a percentage;
m is the mass of recycled woody raw materials contained in the woody raw materials included
WR
in WPRC, expressed in kilograms;
m is the mass of recycled thermoplastics raw materials contained in the thermoplastics raw
PR
materials included in WPRC, expressed in kilograms;
m is the mass of recycled materials in the WPRC where woody raw materials and
FR
thermoplastics raw materials are excluded, expressed in kilograms;
m is the total mass of WPRC, expressed in kilograms.
Note in this context that:
m = m + m + m
W P F
m = m + m
W WV WR
m = m + m
P PV PR
m = m + m
F FV FR
where
m is the mass of woody raw materials contained in WPRC, expressed in kilograms;
W
m is the mass of virgin woody raw materials contained in woody raw materials included in
WV
WPRC, expressed in kilograms;
m is the mass of thermoplastics raw materials contained in WPRC, expressed in kilograms;
P
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ISO 20819-1:2020(E)

m is the mass of virgin thermoplastics raw materials contained in the thermoplastics raw
PV
materials included in WPRC, expressed in kilograms;
m is the mass of WPRC where woody raw materials and thermoplastics raw materials are
F
excluded, expressed in kilograms;
m is the mass of virgin materials in the WPRC where woody raw materials and
FV
thermoplastics raw materials are excluded, expressed in kilograms;
as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 — Components of total ma
...