ISO 18197:2015

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18197
First edition
2015-05-01
Space systems — Space based
services requirements for centimetre
class positioning
Systèmes spatiaux — Exigences de services fondés sur l’espace pour le
positionnement de la classe centimètre
Reference number
©
ISO 2015
© ISO 2015
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ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 2
5 Positioning augmentation system overview . 2
5.1 System configuration . 2
5.2 Classification of augmentation satellites . 3
5.3 Positioning augmentation centres . 4
5.3.1 Functions and conditions of the positioning augmentation centres . 4
5.3.2 Message structure . 4
5.3.3 User operational support service . 5
5.4 Operation . 5
5.4.1 Simultaneous operation . 5
5.4.2 Various fields of application . 5
6 Requirements for positioning augmentation system . 5
6.1 Requirements for augmentation satellites. 5
6.2 Requirements for augmentation satellites control stations . 6
6.3 Requirements for ground reference points . 6
6.4 Requirements for positioning augmentation centres . 8
6.4.1 Requirements for some parameters . 8
6.4.2 Requirements for augmentation information . 8
6.5 Requirements for user terminals . 8
6.5.1 Requirements for input parameters . 9
6.5.2 Requirements for the user terminal pre-processing . 9
6.5.3 Requirements for user terminal output .11
6.6 Requirement for processing .11
6.6.1 Requirement for mathematical models .11
6.6.2 Requirement for physical constants .12
7 Requirements for verification and evaluation .12
7.1 Evaluation plan .13
7.1.1 Evaluation procedure.13
7.1.2 Evaluation items .13
7.1.3 Data .13
7.1.4 Evaluation matters .13
7.1.5 Time of verification .13
7.2 Verification conditions .14
7.2.1 Period .14
7.2.2 Place .14
7.2.3 Satellites .14
7.2.4 Reference points . . .14
7.2.5 Augmentation data . .15
7.2.6 Positioning objects .15
7.3 Evaluation criteria .15
7.3.1 Accuracy and convergence of augmentation data.15
7.3.2 Accuracy and convergence of positioning results .15
7.4 Verification methods .15
7.4.1 Estimation process .15
7.4.2 Verification method .16
7.4.3 Research for the cause of malfunction .17
Annex A (informative) Verification calculation of bias .18
Annex B (informative) Verification calculation of device specification .19
Annex C (informative) Verification calculation of dependence on place or time .20
Annex D (informative) Orbit constellation for augmentation satellites .21
Annex E (informative) Ground track and antenna coverage of augmentation satellite .23
Annex F (informative) Data volume and transmission rate of augmentation data .27
Annex G (informative) Applications required for centimetre accuracy positioning .29
Bibliography .31
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

Foreword
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The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 20, Aircraft and space vehicle, Subcommittee
SC 14, Space systems and operations.
Introduction
Nowadays, applications such as civil engineering, automatic farming, traffic control, and disaster
monitoring system need centimetre class positioning. This centimetre class positioning is deeply
concerned with various fields of our daily life.
Especially the positioning system of applications for the construction and civil engineering, surveying
and mapping, and water level measuring for river or ocean, requires certifying the reliability of
positioning system. Also, the case of automatic vehicle driving, ship control, and snowplow on the road
demands the centimetre class positioning capability which is available in real-time and over wide area.
This International Standard intends to standardize the system requirements and verification criteria
for centimetre class positioning over a wide area by broadcasting augmentation data through satellites,
in order that we can enhance the availability of related applications and improve our daily life.
The services broadcasting augmentation data through satellite or satellite-based augmentation system
(SBAS), such as WAAS, EGNOS, and MSAS, are currently in operation for aviation. This SBAS claims the
positioning accuracy of meter level and focuses on high integrity. Also, the SBAS is mainly operated by a
state agency for the sake of human life and internationality of aviation.
On the other hand, the services
...