Plastics - Aromatic isocyanates for use in the production of polyurethanes - Determination of hydrolysable chlorine

ISO 15028:2014 specifies a method for the determination of the hydrolysable-chlorine content of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, toluene-2,6-diisocyanate or mixtures of the two. This test method may also be applied to other isocyanates of suitable solubility, such as crude or refined polymeric isocyanates.

Plastiques — Isocyanates aromatiques pour utilisation dans la production de polyuréthannes — Détermination du chlore hydrolysable

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
10-Feb-2014
Current Stage
9093 - International Standard confirmed
Start Date
09-Dec-2024
Completion Date
13-Dec-2025

Relations

Effective Date
26-Jan-2013

Overview

ISO 15028:2014 specifies a standardized laboratory method for the determination of hydrolysable chlorine in aromatic isocyanates used to produce polyurethanes - principally toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI), toluene-2,6-diisocyanate and their mixtures. The method can also be applied to other isocyanates of suitable solubility, including crude or refined polymeric isocyanates. This test supports quality control, raw-material acceptance and process protection in polyurethane manufacture.

Key Topics

  • Principle: Hydrolysable chlorine compounds react with methanol to liberate hydrogen chloride (HCl). The resulting chloride is determined potentiometrically by titration with a standardized silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution using a silver/silver chloride electrode pair.

  • Sampling & safety: Isocyanates react with atmospheric moisture; samples must be handled under dry inert gas (e.g., nitrogen) and with appropriate personal protective equipment. Laboratory humidity should preferably be below 50% relative humidity to minimise reaction with moisture.

  • Reagents & apparatus: Reagent-grade methanol and concentrated nitric acid are specified; AgNO3 solution is standardized (0,01 M typical; 0,1 M for higher chloride levels). Typical apparatus includes an automatic or manual titrator with Ag/AgCl electrode, volumetric pipette, 400 ml beaker, magnetic stirrer and analytical balance.

  • Procedure highlights: A representative test portion is weighed (document specifies typical masses), reacted with methanol, diluted with water and boiled to complete hydrolysis. After cooling and acidification with nitric acid, the sample is titrated potentiometrically with AgNO3. Cooling to about 10 °C is recommended (20 °C acceptable if validated).

  • Expression of results: Hydrolysable chlorine is calculated as a percentage by mass using the titration volume (V), concentration of AgNO3 (c) and sample mass (m):

    Hydrolysable chlorine = 3,55 × V × c / m

  • Precision: Based on an interlaboratory round robin, repeatability and reproducibility limits are provided in the standard (duplicate differences >0,0005 % at 0,001–0,2 % are suspect; inter-lab differences >0,003 % are suspect).

Applications

  • Quality control for TDI/TDI blends and other aromatic isocyanates
  • Raw material acceptance and supplier qualification
  • Protecting polyurethane processing catalysts from acidic contamination
  • Troubleshooting production issues related to catalyst neutralization and processing variability

Related Standards

  • Method is technically equivalent to ASTM D4663 (referenced in the ISO introduction)
  • Normative ISO references cited: ISO 385, ISO 648, ISO 3696, ISO 4787, ISO 6353-2

This summary highlights the practical value of ISO 15028:2014 for laboratories and manufacturers involved in polyurethane raw-material testing and process control. For full procedural detail, precision tables and official requirements, consult the published ISO 15028:2014 document.

Standard

ISO 15028:2014 - Plastics -- Aromatic isocyanates for use in the production of polyurethanes -- Determination of hydrolysable chlorine

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Frequently Asked Questions

ISO 15028:2014 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Plastics - Aromatic isocyanates for use in the production of polyurethanes - Determination of hydrolysable chlorine". This standard covers: ISO 15028:2014 specifies a method for the determination of the hydrolysable-chlorine content of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, toluene-2,6-diisocyanate or mixtures of the two. This test method may also be applied to other isocyanates of suitable solubility, such as crude or refined polymeric isocyanates.

ISO 15028:2014 specifies a method for the determination of the hydrolysable-chlorine content of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, toluene-2,6-diisocyanate or mixtures of the two. This test method may also be applied to other isocyanates of suitable solubility, such as crude or refined polymeric isocyanates.

ISO 15028:2014 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.080.10 - Thermosetting materials. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

ISO 15028:2014 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 15028:2004. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

You can purchase ISO 15028:2014 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of ISO standards.

Standards Content (Sample)


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15028
Second edition
2014-02-15
Plastics — Aromatic isocyanates for
use in the production of polyurethanes
— Determination of hydrolysable
chlorine
Plastiques — Isocyanates aromatiques pour utilisation dans
la production de polyuréthannes — Détermination du chlore
hydrolysable
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Interference . 2
6 Sampling . 2
7 Test conditions . 2
8 Reagents . 2
9 Apparatus . 2
10 Procedure. 3
11 Expression of results . 3
12 Precision and bias . 3
12.1 Precision . 3
12.2 Bias . 4
13 Test report . 4
Bibliography . 5
Foreword
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electrotechnical standardization.
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described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
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For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 12, Thermosetting
materials.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15028:2004), which has been technically
revised.
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Introduction
No International Standard for the determination of hydrolysable chlorine in isocyanates has been
published. The main sources of hydrolysable chlorine in isocyanates are carbamoyl chloride and dissolved
phosgene from the manufacturing process. Both of these compounds react with alcohols and water,
forming ureas, carbamates, carbon dioxide and hydrochloric acid. These acidic materials neutralize
basic catalysts used in polyurethane production, thus adversely affecting processing properties. This
test method is based on and is technically equivalent to ASTM D 4663.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15028:2014(E)
Plastics — Aromatic isocyanates for use in the production
of polyurethanes — Determination of hydrolysable
chlorine
SAFETY STATEMENT — Persons using this document should be familiar with normal laborat
...

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