ISO/FDIS 14071

FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 207/SC 5
Environmental management —
Secretariat: AFNOR
Life cycle assessment — Critical
Voting begins on:
review processes and reviewer
2024-07-22
competencies
Voting terminates on:
2024-09-16
Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de vie —
Processus de revue critique et compétences des réviseurs
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 207/SC 5
Environmental management —
Secretariat: AFNOR
Life cycle assessment — Critical
Voting begins on:
review processes and reviewer
competencies
Voting terminates on:
Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de vie —
Processus de revue critique et compétences des réviseurs
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2024
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Critical review process and tasks . 3
4.1 Defining the scope of the critical review .3
4.2 Selecting, making agreements and replacing external reviewer(s) .4
4.2.1 Selecting reviewer(s) .4
4.2.2 Reviewer(s) agreement .4
4.2.3 Replacing reviewer(s) .4
4.3 Critical review process . . .4
4.3.1 General .4
4.3.2 Type of critical review .5
4.3.3 Critical review at the end of the LCA study .5
4.3.4 Concurrent critical review .5
4.4 Validity of critical review statement and report .5
4.5 Critical review report and critical review statement preparation .6
4.6 Revision of an existing critical review .7
4.7 Critical review tasks .7
4.7.1 Chairperson of a critical review panel .7
4.7.2 Reviewer .8
5 Reviewer(s) competencies . 8
Annex A (informative) Template for critical review report . 9
Annex B (informative) Example of self-declaration of reviewer independence and competencies .10
Bibliography .11

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management,
Subcommittee SC 5, Life cycle assessment, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization
(CEN) Technical Committee CEN/SS S26, Environmental management, in accordance with the Agreement on
technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This first edition cancels and replaces ISO/TS 14071:2014, which has been technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— additional specifications on the review process;
— corrections of inconsistencies.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
For life cycle assessment (LCA), critical review is the conformity assessment approach in accordance with
ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. These standards contain the overarching requirements for critical review in
concise form.
Based on these requirements, a common critical review practice emerged that satisfied interested parties.
For the mandatory case of LCA studies intended to be used in comparative assertions intended to be
disclosed to the public, the performance of a critical review is established as a key feature for the acceptance
of the study by interested parties. However, even in the broad range of applications of LCA, for which a
critical review is not mandatory, the commissioners of the LCA study often decide to perform a voluntary
critical review to improve the robustness of their studies and to increase credibility.
It is one of the key features of critical review that it does not relate to an accreditation scheme, but ensures
quality by making the individual reviewer personally responsible for the work and by giving priority to the
content rather than the form.
Because of the increasing use of LCA itself, as well as the broader application in tools such as carbon
footprinting or upcoming labelling initiatives, this document specifies the established critical review
practice in a more comprehensive way, by providing additional requirements and guidance for conducting a
critical review and ensuring the relevant competencies.

v
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 14071:2024(en)
Environmental management — Life cycle assessment —
Critical review processes and reviewer competencies
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements and gives guidance for conducting a critical review of any type of
life cycle assessment (LCA) study and the competencies required for the review. It provides additional
requirements and guidance to ISO 14040 and ISO 14044.
This document provides:
— details of a critical review process, including clarification with regard to ISO 14044;
— guidance to deliver the required critical review process, linked to the goal of the LCA and its intended use;
— content and deliverables of the critical review process;
— guidance to improve the consistency, transparency, efficiency and credibility of the critical review
process;
— the required competencies for the reviewer(s) (internal, external and panel member);
— the required competencies to be represented by the panel as a whole.
This document can be applicable to other standards that require independent review of LCA-based
procedures and information (e.g. ISO 14045, ISO 14046, ISO 14025, ISO 14067), and can be adapted to the
specific fields of application. Other reference standards can be included in the critical review process.
This document does not apply to critical reviews performed prior to its publication.
This document does not apply to the applications of LCA (as illustrated in ISO 14040:2006, Figure 1).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14040, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Principles and framework
ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines
ISO 14045, Environmental management — Eco-efficiency assessment of product systems — Principles,
requirements and guidelines
ISO 14046, Environmental management — Water footprint — Principles, requirements and guidelines
ISO 14067, Greenhouse gases — Carbon footprint of products — Requirements and guidelines for quantification
ISO 14072, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines for
organizational life cycle assessment
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14040 and
...

ISO/DIS FDIS 14071:2024(E)
Date: 2024-01-19
ISO/TC 207/SC 5/WG 12
Secretariat: AFNOR
Date: 2024-07-05
Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Critical
review processes and reviewer competencies — Additional
requirements and guidelines to ISO 14044
Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de vie — Processus de revue critique et compétences des
vérificateurs — Exigences et lignes directrices supplémentaires à la norme ISO 14044réviseurs

FDIS stage
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Critical review process and tasks . 3
4.1 Defining the scope of the critical review . 3
4.2 Selecting, making agreements and replacing external reviewer(s) . 4
4.2.1 Selecting reviewer(s) . 4
4.2.2 Reviewer(s) agreement . 4
4.2.3 Replacing reviewer(s) . 5
4.3 Critical review process . 5
4.3.1 General . 5
4.3.2 Type of critical review . 5
4.3.3 Critical review at the end of the LCA study . 5
4.3.4 Concurrent critical review . 6
4.4 Validity of critical review statement and report . 6
4.5 Critical review report and critical review statement preparation . 6
4.6 Revision of an existing critical review . 7
4.7 Critical review tasks . 8
4.7.1 Chairperson of a critical review panel . 8
4.7.2 Reviewer . 8
5 Reviewer(s) competencies . 9
Annex A (informative) Template for critical review report . 10
Annex B (informative) Example of self-declaration of reviewer independence and competencies11
Bibliography . 12

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 207, Environmental management,
Subcommittee SC 5, Life cycle assessment, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization
(CEN) Technical Committee CEN/SS S26, Environmental management, in accordance with the Agreement on
technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This first edition cancels and replaces ISO/TS 14071:2014, which has been technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— additional specifications on the review process;
— corrections of inconsistencies.
— transformation of the TS into a standard
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
For life cycle assessment (LCA), critical review is the conformity assessment approach in accordance with
ISO 14040 and ISO 14044. These standards contain the overarching requirements for critical review in
concise form.
Based on these requirements, a common critical review practice emerged that satisfied interested parties. For
the mandatory case of LCA studies intended to be used in comparative assertions intended to be disclosed to
the public, the performance of a critical review is established as a key feature for the acceptance of the study
by interested parties. However, even in the broad range of applications of LCA, for which a critical review is
not mandatory, the commissioners of the LCA study often decide to perform a voluntary critical review to
improve the robustness of their studies and to increase credibility.
It is one of the key features of critical review that it does not relate to an accreditation scheme, but ensures
quality by making the individual reviewer personally responsible for the work and by giving priority to the
content rather than the form.
Because of the increasing use of LCA itself, as well as the broader application in tools such as carbon foot
printingfootprinting or upcoming labelling initiatives, this document specifies the established critical review
practice in a more comprehensive way, by providing additional requirements and guidance for conducting a
critical review and ensuring the relevant competencies.
v
Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Critical
review processes and reviewer competencies — Additional
requirements and guidelines to ISO 14044
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements and gives guidance for conducting a critical review of any type of life
cycle assessment (LCA) study and the competencies required for the review. It provides additional
requirements and guidance to ISO 14040and14040 and ISO 14044.
This document provides:
— details of a critical review process, including clarification with regard to ISO 14044;
— guidance to deliver the required critical review process, linked to the goal of the LCA and its intended use;
— content and deliverables of the critical review process;
— guidance to improve the consistency, transparency, efficiency and credibility of the critical review process;
— the required competencies for the reviewer(s) (internal, external and panel member);
— the required competencies to be represented by the panel as a whole.
This document can be applicable to other standards that require independent review of LCA-based procedures
and information (e.g. ISO 14045, ISO 14046, ISO 14025, ISO 14067), and can be adapted to the specific fields
of application. Other reference standards can be included in the critical review process.
This document does not apply to critical reviews performed prior to its publication.
This document does not apply to the applications of LCA (as illustrated in ISO 14040:2006, Figure 1).
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14040:,, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Principles and framework
ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines
ISO 14045, Environmental management — Eco-efficiency assessment of product systems — Principles,
requirements and guidelines
ISO 14046, Environmental management — Water footprint — Principles, requirements and guidelines
ISO 14067, Greenhouse gases — Carbon footprint of products — Requirements and guidelines for quantification
ISO 14072, Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Requirements and guidelines for
organizational life cycle assessment

3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, , the terms and definitions given in ISO 14040 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
independent internal expert
competent person, employed in a full-time or part-time role by the commissioner of the life cycle assessment
(LCA) study (3.4) or the practitioner of the LCA study (3.6), but not involved in defining the scope or conducting
the LCA study
Note 1 to entry: An expert is considered to be involved if he/she is part of the commissioner’s or practitioner’s project
team.
3.2
independent external expert
competent person, not employed in a full-time or part-time role by the commissioner of the life cycle assessment
(LCA) study (3.4) or the practitioner of the LCA study (3.6), and not involved in defining the scope or conducting
the LCA study
Note 1 to entry: An expert is considered to be involved if he/she is part of the commissioner’s or practitioner’s project
team or has vested financial, political or other interests in the outcome of the study.
3.3
panel member
reviewer (3.10) taking part in a critical review panel
3.4
commissioner of the life cycle assessment study
commissioner of the LCA study
organization (or group of organizations) that finances the LCA study according to ISO 14040 and ISO 14044
3.5
commissioner of the critical review
organization (or group of organizations) that finances the critical review of the life cycle assessment (LCA)
study according to ISO 14040 and ISO 14044
Note 1 to entry: Financing the review is not restricted to direct agreements withthewith the reviewers (3.10). The
agreement may be carried out by a third party, e.g. the practitioner of the LCA study (3.6) or the commissioner of the LCA
study (3.4).
3.6
practitioner of the life cycle assessment study
practitioner of the LCA study
organization (or group of organizations) that performs the LCA study according to ISO 14040 and ISO 14044
Note 1 to entry: An organization can act as the commissioner of the LCA study (3.4), the commissioner of the critical review
(3.5) and/or the pract
...

PROJET DE NORME INTERNATIONALE
ISO/DIS 14071
ISO/TC 207/SC 5 Secrétariat: AFNOR
Début de vote: Vote clos le:
2023-11-02 2024-01-25
Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de
vie — Processus de revue critique et compétences des
réviseurs : Exigences et lignes directrices supplémentaires
à l’ISO 14044:2006
Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Critical review processes and reviewer
competencies: Additional requirements and guidelines to ISO 14044:2006
ICS: 13.020.60
Le présent document est distribué tel qu’il est parvenu du secrétariat du comité.
CE DOCUMENT EST UN PROJET DIFFUSÉ POUR
OBSERVATIONS ET APPROBATION. IL EST DONC
SUSCEPTIBLE DE MODIFICATION ET NE PEUT
ÊTRE CITÉ COMME NORME INTERNATIONALE
TRAITEMENT PARALLÈLE ISO/CEN
AVANT SA PUBLICATION EN TANT QUE TELLE.
OUTRE LE FAIT D’ÊTRE EXAMINÉS POUR
ÉTABLIR S’ILS SONT ACCEPTABLES À DES
FINS INDUSTRIELLES, TECHNOLOGIQUES ET
COMMERCIALES, AINSI QUE DU POINT DE VUE
DES UTILISATEURS, LES PROJETS DE NORMES
INTERNATIONALES DOIVENT PARFOIS ÊTRE
CONSIDÉRÉS DU POINT DE VUE DE LEUR
POSSIBILITÉ DE DEVENIR DES NORMES
POUVANT SERVIR DE RÉFÉRENCE DANS LA
RÉGLEMENTATION NATIONALE.
Numéro de référence
LES DESTINATAIRES DU PRÉSENT PROJET ISO/DIS 14071:2023(F)
SONT INVITÉS À PRÉSENTER, AVEC LEURS
OBSERVATIONS, NOTIFICATION DES DROITS
DE PROPRIÉTÉ DONT ILS AURAIENT
ÉVENTUELLEMENT CONNAISSANCE ET À
FOURNIR UNE DOCUMENTATION EXPLICATIVE.

Ȁ207Ȁ5
ISO/DIS 14071:2023(F)
ƒ–‡ǣ2023-11-02
ISO/DIS 14071:2023(F)
Ȁ207Ȁ5
‡…”±–ƒ”‹ƒ–ǣ AFNOR
Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de vie —
Processus de revue critique et compétences des réviseurs :
Exigences et lignes directrices supplémentaires à
l’ISO 14044:2006
Environmental management — Life cycle assessment — Critical review processes and reviewer
competencies: Additional requirements and guidelines to ISO 14044:2006

DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2023
Tous droits réservés. Sauf prescription différente ou nécessité dans le contexte de sa mise en œuvre, aucune partie de cette
publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique,
y compris la photocopie, ou la diffusion sur l’internet ou sur un intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Une autorisation peut
être demandée à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Genève
Tél.: +41 22 749 01 11
E-mail: copyright@iso.org
Web: www.iso.org
Publié en Suisse
ii
ISO/DIS 14071:2023(F)
Sommaire Page
Avant-propos . iv
Introduction . v
1 Domaine d’application . 1
2 Références normatives . 1
3 Termes et définitions . 2
4 Processus et tâches de la revue critique . 3
4.1 Définition du champ de la revue critique . 3
4.2 Choix, recrutement et remplacement du ou des réviseurs externes . 4
4.2.1 Choix du ou des réviseurs . 4
4.2.2 Recrutement des réviseurs . 5
4.2.3 Remplacement du ou des réviseurs . 5
4.3 Processus de revue critique . 5
4.3.1 Généralités . 5
4.3.2 Type de revue critique . 6
4.3.3 Revue critique réalisée à l’issue de l’étude ACV . 6
4.3.4 Revue critique en parallèle . 6
4.4 Validité de la déclaration et du rapport de revue critique . 6
4.5 Préparation du rapport de revue critique et de la déclaration de revue critique . 7
4.6 Révision d’une revue critique existante . 8
4.7 Tâches de la revue critique . 9
4.7.1 Président d’un comité de revue critique . 9
4.7.2 Réviseur . 9
5 Compétences du ou des réviseurs . 10
Annexe A (informative) Modèle de rapport de revue critique . 11
Annexe B (informative) Exemple d’autodéclaration d’indépendance et de compétences
d’un réviseur . 13
Bibliographie . 14

ISO/DIS 14071:2023(F)
Avant-propos
L’ISO (Organisation internationale de normalisation) est une fédération mondiale d’organismes
nationaux de normalisation (comités membres de l’ISO). L’élaboration des Normes internationales est en
général confiée aux comités techniques de l’ISO. Chaque comité membre intéressé par une étude a le droit
de faire partie du comité technique créé à cet effet. Les organisations internationales, gouvernementales
et non gouvernementales, en liaison avec l’ISO, participent également aux travaux. L’ISO collabore
étroitement avec la Commission électrotechnique internationale (IEC) en ce qui concerne la
normalisation électrotechnique.
Les procédures utilisées pour élaborer le présent document et celles destinées à sa mise à jour sont
décrites dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 1. Il convient, en particulier, de prendre note des différents
critères d’approbation requis pour les différents types de documents ISO. Le présent document a été
rédigé conformément aux règles de rédaction données dans les Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2
(voir www.iso.org/directives).
L’ISO attire l’attention sur le fait que la mise en application du présent document peut entraîner
l’utilisation d’un ou de plusieurs brevets. L’ISO ne prend pas position quant à la preuve, à la validité et à
l’applicabilité de tout droit de brevet revendiqué à cet égard. À la date de publication du présent
document, l’ISO n’avait pas reçu notification qu’un ou plusieurs brevets pouvaient être nécessaires à sa
mise en application. Toutefois, il y a lieu d’avertir les responsables de la mise en application du présent
document que des informations plus récentes sont susceptibles de figurer dans la base de données de
brevets, disponible à l’adresse www.iso.org/brevets. L’ISO ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne
pas avoir identifié tout ou partie de tels droits de brevets.
Les appellations commerciales éventuellement mentionnées dans le présent document sont données
pour information, par souci de commodité, à l’intention des utilisateurs et ne sauraient constituer un
engagement.
Pour une explication de la nature volontaire des normes, la signification des termes et expressions
spécifiques de l’ISO liés à l’évaluation de la conformité, ou pour toute information au sujet de l’adhésion
de l’ISO aux principes de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) concernant les obstacles
techniques au commerce (TBT), voir le lien suivant : www.iso.org/iso/fr/avant-propos.html.
Le comité chargé de l’élaboration du présent document est l’ISO/TC 207, Management environnemental,
sous-comité SC 5, Analyse du cycle de vie.
Il convient que l’utilisateur adresse tout retour d’information ou toute question concernant le présent
document à l’organisme national de normalisation de son pays. Une liste exhaustive desdits organismes
se trouve à l’adresse www.iso.org/fr/members.html.
iv © ISO 2023 – Tous droits réservés

ISO/DIS 14071:2023(F)
Introduction
Dans le cadre d’une analyse du cycle de vie (ACV), la revue critique est le processus permettant d’évaluer
la conformité de l’ACV à l’ISO 14040 et à l’ISO 14044. Ces normes contiennent, sous une forme succincte,
les principales exigences relatives à la revue critique.
Ces exigences ont progressivement fait apparaître une pratique aujourd’hui courante et donnant
satisfaction aux parties prenantes. Pour le cas, obligatoire, d’études ACV utilisées dans des affirmations
comparatives destinées à être divulguées au public, la réalisation d’une revue critique est considérée
comme un élément déterminant pour l’acceptation de l’étude par les parties prenantes. Toutefois, de nos
jours, même dans les nombreuses applications de l’ACV pour lesquelles la revue critique n’est pas
obligatoire, les commanditaires de l’étude ACV décident souvent d’eux-mêmes de réaliser une revue
critique afin d’améliorer la robustesse de leurs études et d’en accroître la crédibilité.
L’une des principales caractéristiques de la revue critique est de ne pas être liée à un programme
d’accréditation, mais de garantir la qualité en rendant le réviseur personnellement responsable de cette
tâche et en accordant une priorité plus importante au fond qu’à la forme.
En raison de l'utilisation croissante de l'ACV elle-même, ainsi que de son application plus large dans des
outils tels que l'évaluation de l'empreinte carbone ou les futures initiatives d'étiquetage, l'objectif du
présent document est de décrire de façon plus détaillée les pratiques établies en matière de revue
critique, en fournissant des exigences et des lignes directrices supplémentaires pour la réalisation d’une
revue critique et les compétences requises.
Le présent document peut s’appliquer à d’autres normes exigeant une revue indépendante de procédures
et d’informations basées sur l'ACV (comme l’ISO 14045, l’ISO 14046, l’ISO 14025 et l’ISO 14067), mais il
peut être nécessaire de l’adapter aux champs d’application spécifiques. D’autres normes de référence
peuvent être incluses dans le processus de revue critique.
Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux revues critiques réalisées avant sa publication.
PROJET DE NORME INTERNATIONALE ISO/DIS 14071:2023(F)

Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de vie —
Processus de revue critique et compétences des réviseurs :
Exigences et lignes directrices supplémentaires à
l’ISO 14044:2006
1 Domaine d’application
Le présent document fournit des exigences et des lignes directrices supplémentaires à l’ISO 14040:2006
et à l’ISO 14044:2006. Il fournit des exigences et des lignes directrices pour la réalisation d’une revue
critique de tout type de tout type d'étude basée sur l'ACV et sur les compétences nécessaires à cette revue.
Le présent document fournit :
— des informations détaillées sur le processus de revue critique, et notamment des clarifications par
rapport à l’ISO 14044:2006 ;
— des lignes directrices pour mettre en œuvre le processus de revue critique requis, en lien avec
l'objectif de l’ACV et son utilisation envisagée ;
— le contenu et les livrables du processus de revue critique ;
— des lignes directrices pour améliorer la cohérence, la transparence, l’efficacité et la crédibilité du
processus de revue critique ;
— les compétences exigées pour le ou les réviseurs (internes, externes et membres du comité) ;
— les compétences exigées devant être possédées par le comité dans son ensemble.
Le présent document ne traite pas des applications de l’ACV (indiquées dans l’ISO 14040:2006, Figure 1).
2 Références normatives
Les documents suivants sont cités dans le texte de sorte qu’ils constituent, pour tout ou partie de leur
contenu, des exigences du présent document. Pour les références datées, seule l’édition citée s’applique.
Pour les références non datées, la dernière édition du document de référence s'applique (y compris les
éventuels amendements).
ISO 14040:2006, Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de vie — Principes et cadre
ISO 14044:2006, Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de vie — Exigences et lignes directrices
ISO/DIS 14071:2023(F)
3 Termes et définitions
Pour les besoins du présent document, les termes et définitions suivants s’appliquent.
L’ISO et l’IEC tiennent à jour des bases de données terminologiques destinées à être utilisées en
normalisation, consultables aux adresses suivantes :
— ISO Online browsing platform : disponible à l’adresse https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia : disponible à l’adresse https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
expert interne indépendant
personne compétente employée à temps plein ou à temps partiel par le commanditaire de l’étude
ACV (3.4) ou l’auteur de l’étude ACV (3.6), mais ne participant pas à la définition du champ de l’étude ou à
la réalisation de l’étude ACV
Note 1 à l’article : Un expert est considéré comme participant à ces tâches s’il fait partie de l’équipe de projet du
commanditaire ou de l’auteur de l’étude.
3.2
expert ext
...