ISO/IEC 17341:2005

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 17341
Second edition
2005-02-01
Information technology — Data
interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm
optical disk using +RW format —
Capacity: 4,7 Gbytes and 1,46 Gbytes per
side (Recording speed up to 4X)
Technologies de l'information — Échange de données sur disque
optique de 120 mm et 80 mm en utilisant le format +RW — Capacité:
4,7 Go et 1,46 Go par face (Vitesse d'enregistrement inférieure ou
égale à 4X)
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2005
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©  ISO/IEC 2005
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ii © ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. vii
Section 1 — General . 1
1 Scope. 1
2 Conformance . 1
2.1 Optical Disk . 1
2.2 Generating system. 1
2.3 Receiving system. 2
2.4 Compatibility statement . 2
3 Normative references . 2
4 Terms and definitions. 2
5 Conventions and notations. 4
5.1 Representation of numbers . 4
5.2 Names. 4
6 List of acronyms . 4
7 General description of the optical disk. 5
8 General Requirements. 6
8.1 Environments . 6
8.1.1 Test environment . 6
8.1.2 Operating environment. 6
8.1.3 Storage environment . 7
8.1.4 Transportation. 7
8.2 Safety requirements. 7
8.3 Flammability . 7
9 Reference Drive. 7
9.1 Optical system. 7
9.2 Optical beam. 8
9.3 Read channel 1. 9
9.4 Disk clamping. 9
9.5 Rotation of the disk. 9
9.6 Wobble channel (Read channel 2). 10
9.7 Tracking channel (Read channel 2). 10
9.7.1 Normalized servo transfer function . 10
9.7.2 Reference Servo for Axial Tracking . 10
9.7.3 Reference Servo for Radial Tracking . 11
Section 2 — Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk. 13
10 Dimensional characteristics . 13
10.1 Reference Planes . 13
10.2 Overall dimensions . 13
10.3 First transition area. 14
10.4 Second transition area . 14
10.5 Clamping Zone . 14
10.6 Third transition area . 14
10.7 Information Zone. 14
10.8 Rim area . 15
10.9 Remark on tolerances. 15
11 Mechanical characteristics . 17
© ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved iii

11.1 Mass.17
11.2 Moment of inertia.17
11.3 Dynamic imbalance.17
11.4 Axial runout.17
11.5 Radial runout .17
12 Optical characteristics in the Information Zone.18
12.1 Index of refraction .18
12.2 Thickness of the substrate.18
12.3 Reflectivity .18
12.4 Birefringence .18
12.5 Angular deviation .19
Section 3 — Format of information .20
13 Data format.20
13.1 Data Frames .20
13.1.1 Identification Data (ID) .21
13.1.2 ID Error Detection Code (IED) .21
13.1.3 RSV .22
13.1.4 Error Detection Code (EDC) .22
13.2 Scrambled Frames .22
13.3 ECC Blocks .23
13.4 Recording Frames.24
13.5 Modulation and NRZI conversion .25
13.6 Physical Sectors.26
13.7 Layout of a Recording UNit (RUN).27
13.7.1 Recording Unit position.28
13.8 d.c. component suppression control .28
14 Track format.29
14.1 Track shape.29
14.2 Track path .30
14.3 Track pitch .30
14.4 Track layout .30
14.4.1 ADIP information .30
14.4.2 Physical format information in ADIP.35
Section 4 — Format of the Information Zone .48
15 General description of the Information Zone .48
16 Layout of the Information Zone .48
16.1 Physical Sector Numbers (PSNs) .48
17 Lead-in Zone .49
17.1 Initial Zone.50
17.2 Inner Disk Test Zone .50
17.3 Inner Drive Test Zone.50
17.4 Guard Zone 1 .51
17.5 Reserved Zone 1.51
17.6 Reserved Zone 2.51
17.7 Inner Disk Identification Zone.51
17.8 Reserved Zone 3.51
17.9 Reference Code Zone .51
17.10 Buffer Zone 1 .51
17.11 Control Data Zone .51
17.11.1 Physical format information.53
17.11.2 Disk manufacturing information.54
17.11.3 Content provider information.54
17.12 Buffer Zone 2 .54
18 Data Zone .54
19 Lead-out Zone.54
iv © ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved

19.1 Buffer Zone 3 . 55
19.2 Outer Disk Identification Zone. 55
19.3 Guard Zone 2 . 55
19.4 Reserved Zone 4 . 55
19.5 Outer Drive Test Zone. 55
19.6 Outer Disk Test Zone. 55
19.7 Guard Zone 3 . 55
20 Assignment of Logical Sector Numbers (LSNs). 56
21 Formatting. 56
21.1 Pre-formatting . 56
21.1.1 Verification. 57
21.2 Background formatting . 57
21.2.1 Initialization . 57
21.2.2 De-icing . 57
21.2.3 Finalization. 57
21.2.4 Verification (optional) . 57
21.3 Sequential recording without formatting. 58
22 Disk Control Blocks . 58
22.1 General format of Disk Control Blocks. 58
22.2 Format of the Formatting DCB (FDCB) .60
22.3 Format of the Write inhibit DCB (WDCB).64
Section 5 — Characteristics of the groove. 66
23 General. 66
24 Method of testing . 66
24.1 Environment . 66
24.2 Reference Drive. 66
24.2.1 Optics and mechanics. 66
24.2.2 Read power. 66
24.2.3 Read channels. 66
24.2.4 Tracking . 66
24.3 Definition of signals. 67
25 Characteristics of the groove signals. 67
25.1 Phase depth. 67
25.2 Push-pull signal . 67
25.3 Track Cross signal . 68
25.4 Normalized wobble signal. 68
25.5 Characteristics of the wobble. 68
Section 6 — Characteristics of the recording layer . 69
26 Method of testing . 69
26.1 Environment . 69
26.2 Reference Drive. 69
26.2.1 Optics and mechanics. 69
26.2.2 Read power. 69
26.2.3 Read channels. 69
26.2.4 Tracking . 69
26.2.5 Scanning velocity. 70
26.3 Write conditions . 70
26.3.1 Write pulse waveform. 70
26.3.2 Write power. 70
26.4 Measurement conditions. 70
27 Characteristics of the recorded signals . 70
27.1 Channel bit length. 70
27.2 Definition of signals. 71
27.2.1 High frequency signals (HF) . 71
27.2.2 Modulated amplitude . 71
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27.2.3 Signal asymmetry.71
27.2.4 Normalized Slicing Level jump .72
27.2.5 Jitter.72
27.2.6 Track Cross signal .72
27.3 Read stability .72
28 Additional testing conditions.73
28.1 Test environment.73
28.1.1 Optics .73
28.2 Definition of signals .73
28.2.1 Modulated amplitude.73
28.2.2 Signal asymmetry.73
28.2.3 Jitter.74
28.2.4 Track Cross signal .74
28.2.5 Differential phase tracking error signal .74
28.2.6 Tangential push-pull signal.75
29 Quality of the recording layer .75
29.1 Defects.75
29.2 Data errors .76
Section 7 — Characteristics of user data .77
30 Method of testing.77
30.1 Environment.77
30.2 Reference Drive .77
30.2.1 Optics and mechanics .77
30.2.2 Read power .77
30.2.3 Read channels .77
30.2.4 Error correction .77
30.2.5 Tracking.77
31 Minimum quality of a Recording Unit.78
31.1 Tracking.78
31.2 User-written data .78
Annex A (normative) 80 mm disk .79
Annex B (normative) Measurement of light reflectivity .82
Annex C (normative) Measurement of birefringence.84
Annex D (normative) Measuring conditions for operation signals .86
Annex E (normative) Measurement of the differential phase tracking error .89
Annex F (normative) The write pulse wave form for testing .93
Annex G (normative) 8-to-16 Modulation .96
Annex H (normative) Optimum Power Control .105
Annex I (normative) Logical to Physical address translation .109
Annex J (informative) Transportation.110
Annex K (informative) Measurement of the groove wobble amplitude.111
Annex L (informative) Defect Management and Physical Formatting .113
Annex M (informative) How to use the Physical format information in ADIP.114
Annex N (informative) Values to be Implemented in Existing and Future Specifications.116

vi © ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 17341 was prepared by Ecma International (as ECMA-337) and was adopted, under a special “fast-
track procedure”, by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 23,
Optical disk cartridges for information exchange in parallel with its approval by national bodies of ISO and IEC.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 17341:2004) which has been technically
revised.
© ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved vii

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 17341:2005(E)

Information technology — Data interchange on 120 mm and
80 mm optical disk using +RW format — Capacity: 4,7 Gbytes
and 1,46 Gbytes per side (Recording speed up to 4X)
Section 1 — General
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of 120 mm rewritable
optical disks with capacities of 4,7 GB and 9,4 GB. It specifies the quality of the recorded and unrecorded
signals, the format of the data and the recording method, thereby allowing for information interchange by
means of such disks. The data can be written, read and overwritten many times using the phase change
method. These disks are identified as +RW.
The +RW system also allows 80 mm disks with capacities of 1,46 GB and 2,92 GB. These disks shall have
the same characteristics as the 120 mm disks, except for some parameters related to the smaller dimensions.
All parameters unique for the 80 mm disks are specified in Annex A.
This International Standard specifies:
− two related but different Types of this disk (see Clause 7);
− the conditions for conformance;
− the environments in which the disk is to be tested, operated and stored;
− the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical
interchange between data processing systems;
− the format of the information on the disk, including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the
error correcting codes and the coding method; and
− the characteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, thus enabling data processing systems to read the
data from the disk.
This International Standard provides for the interchange of disks between optical disk drives. Together with a
standard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.
2 Conformance
2.1 Optical Disk
A claim of conformance with this International Standard shall specify the type implemented. An optical disk
shall be in conformance with this International Standard if it meets all mandatory requirements specified for its
type.
2.2 Generating system
A generating system shall be in conformance with this International Standard if the optical disk it generates is
in accordance with 2.1.
© ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved 1

2.3 Receiving system
A receiving system shall be in conformance with this International Standard if it is able to handle both types of
optical disk according to 2.1.
2.4 Compatibility statement
A claim of conformance by a generating or receiving system with this International Standard shall include a
statement listing any other standards supported. This statement shall specify the numbers of the standards,
the optical disk types supported (where appropriate) and whether support includes reading only or both
reading and writing.
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 4873:1991, Information technology — ISO 8-bit code for information interchange — Structure and
rules for implementation
ISO/IEC 16448:2002, Information technology — 120 mm DVD — Read-only disk
ISO/IEC 16449:2002, Information technology — 80 mm DVD — Read-only disk
ECMA-287, Safety of Electronic Equipment (2002)
The efficiency and data reliability of +RW disks can be improved by the use of Background Formatting and
Defect Management. An example of such a system is referred to in Annex L.
4 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply:
4.1
Channel bit
the elements by which the binary values ZERO and ONE are represented by marks and spaces on the disk
4.2
Clamping Zone
the annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device
4.3
Digital Sum Value (DSV)
the arithmetic sum obtained from a bit stream by allocating the decimal value +1 to bits set to ONE and the
decimal value −1 to bits set to ZERO
4.4
Disk Reference Plane
a plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the clamping Zone of the
disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation
4.5
dummy substrate
a layer which may be transparent or not, provided for the mechanical support of the disk and, in some cases,
of the recording layer as well
4.6
entrance surface
the surface of the disk onto which the optical beam first impinges
2 © ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved

4.7
field
a subdivision of a sector
4.8
groove
a trench-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to define the track
location
NOTE The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the so-called land in between the grooves. The
recording is made on the groove.
4.9
interleaving
the process of reallocating the physical sequence of units of data so as to render the data more immune to
burst errors
4.10
mark
a feature of the recording layer which may take the form of an amorphous domain, a pit, or any other type or
form that can be sensed by the optical system
NOTE The pattern of marks and spaces represents the data on the disk.
4.11
phase change
a physical effect by which the area of a recording layer irradiated by a laser beam is heated so as to change
from an amorphous state to a crystalline state and vice versa
4.12
Physical Sector
the smallest addressable part of a track in the Information Zone of a disk that can be accessed independently
of other addressable parts of the Zone
4.13
recording layer
a layer of the disk on which data is written during manufacture and/or use
4.14
Reed-Solomon (RS) code
an error detection and/or correction code
4.15
space
a feature of the recording layer which may take the form of an crystalline, a non-pit, or any other type or form
that can be sensed by the optical system
NOTE The pattern of marks and spaces represents the data on the disk.
4.16
substrate
a transparent layer of the disk, provided for mechanical support of the recording layer, through which the
optical beam accesses the recording layer
4.17
track
a 360° turn of a continuous spiral
4.18
track pitch
the distance between adjacent track centrelines, measured in a radial direction
© ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved 3

4.19
wobble
a continuous sinusoidal deviation of the track from the average centreline
NOTE Location information is included as phase modulated data in the wobble.
4.20
zone
an annular area of the disk
5 Conventions and notations
5.1 Representation of numbers
A measured value is rounded off to the least significant digit of the corresponding specified value. For instance,
it implies that a specified value of 1,26 with a positive tolerance of +0,01 and a negative tolerance of -0,02
allows a range of measured values from 1,235 to 1,274.
Numbers in decimal notations are represented by the digits 0 to 9.
Numbers in hexadecimal notation are represented by the hexadecimal digits 0 to 9 and A to F in parentheses.
The setting of bits is denoted by ZERO and ONE.
Numbers in binary notations and bit patterns are represented by strings of digits 0 and 1, with the most
significant bit shown to the left. In a pattern of n bits, bit b shall be the Most Significant Bit (msb) and bit b
(n-1) 0
shall be the Least Significant Bit (lsb). Bit b shall be recorded first.
(n-1)
Negative values of numbers in binary notation are given as Two’s complement.
In each data field, the data is recorded so that the Most Significant Byte (MSB), identified as Byte 0, shall be
recorded first and the Least Significant Byte (LSB) last.
In a field of 8n bits, bit b shall be the Most Significant Bit (msb) and bit b the Least Significant Bit (lsb).
(8n-1) 0
Bit b shall be recorded first.
(8n-1)
5.2 Names
The names of entities, e.g. specific tracks, fields, etc., are given with an initial capital.
6 List of acronyms
a.c. alternating current
ADIP Address in Pre-groove
ASM Asymmetry
BP Byte Position
BPF Band Pass Filter
CAV Constant Angular Velocity
CLD Constant Linear Density
CLV Constant Linear Velocity
d.c. direct current
DCB Disk Control Block
DCC d.c. Component suppression Control
DSV Digital Sum Value
ECC Error Correction Code
EDC Error Detection Code
EI Extended Information
FDCB Formatting DCB
4 © ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved

HF High Frequency
ID Identification Data
IED ID Error Detection code
LPF Low Pass filter
LSN Logical Sector Number
lsb Least Significant Bit
LSB Least Significant Byte
msb Most Significant Bit
MSB Most Significant Byte
NA Numerical Aperture
NRZ Non Return to Zero
NRZI Non Return to Zero Inverted
NSL Normalized Slicing Level
OPC Optimum Power Control
PAA Physical Address in ADIP
PBS Polarizing Beam Splitter
PI Parity of Inner-code
PLL Phase Locked Loop
PP Push-Pull
pp peak-to-peak
PSN Physical Sector Number
PO Parity of Outer-code
RIN Relative Intensity Noise
RS Reed-Solomon code
RSV Reserved (in use by specific applications)
RUN Recording UNit
SNR Signal to Noise Ration
SPS Start Position Shift
SYNC Synchronization code
7 General description of the optical disk
The optical disk that is the subject of this International Standard consists of two substrates bonded together by
an adhesive layer, so that the recording layer(s) is (are) on the inside. The centring of the disk is performed on
the edge of the centre hole of the assembled disk on the side currently accessed. Clamping is perfor
...