ISO 11358-2:2021
(Main)Plastics - Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers - Part 2: Determination of activation energy
Plastics - Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers - Part 2: Determination of activation energy
This document specifies a method for the determination of the activation energy, Ea, in the Arrhenius formula for the decomposition of polymers using a thermogravimetric technique. The method is applicable only if the reaction proceeds by a single mechanism. It is applicable to multistage reactions if they consist of clearly separated single-stage steps.
Plastiques — Thermogravimétrie (TG) des polymères — Partie 2: Détermination de l'énergie d'activation
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 28-Jan-2021
- Technical Committee
- ISO/TC 61/SC 5 - Physical-chemical properties
- Drafting Committee
- ISO/TC 61/SC 5/WG 8 - Thermal analysis
- Current Stage
- 6060 - International Standard published
- Start Date
- 29-Jan-2021
- Due Date
- 25-Sep-2022
- Completion Date
- 29-Jan-2021
Relations
- Effective Date
- 23-Apr-2020
Overview
ISO 11358-2:2021 - "Plastics - Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers - Part 2: Determination of activation energy" specifies a standardized thermogravimetric (TG) method to determine the activation energy (Ea) for polymer decomposition using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The method uses multiple dynamic heating-rate TG runs to derive Ea from the temperature dependence of decomposition according to the Arrhenius relationship. It applies only when the decomposition proceeds by a single mechanism or by clearly separated single-stage steps in a multistage reaction.
Key Topics
- Principle: heating specimens at several heating rates, measuring mass change vs temperature, selecting temperatures at given degrees of conversion (C), and calculating Ea from the slope of log(heating rate) vs 1/T plots using the Ozawa / Flynn–Wall approximation.
- Test conditions and apparatus: refers to ISO 11358-1 for general TG principles, apparatus requirements, and calibration (mass and temperature).
- Specimen preparation: powders, pellets, flakes, filaments or film; small particle size preferred (grinding in liquid-nitrogen mill acceptable).
- Experimental parameters:
- Use three or more heating rates; lowest and highest heating rates must differ by a factor ≥ 5.
- Preferred specimen mass < 10 mg and heating rates < 20 K·min⁻¹ to avoid temperature lag.
- Correct for buoyancy and empty-crucible mass changes by subtracting blank runs at each heating rate.
- Atmosphere control: inert (e.g., N2) for non-oxidative tests or oxidative gas (air/O2) for oxidation studies; gas purity and water content per ISO 11358-1.
- Data presentation: TG curves (mass or % mass vs temperature) and graphical determination of temperatures corresponding to fixed degrees of conversion.
- Limitations and notes:
- Not suitable for very high degrees of conversion.
- Unreliable if Ea varies widely with conversion or if log β vs 1/T is non-linear.
- Reporting: detailed test report requirements (sample ID, mass, crucible, atmosphere, heating rates, calibration standards, activation energy value, observations, date).
Applications
- Determining thermal stability and decomposition kinetics of polymers and polymer formulations.
- Material R&D: comparing additives, stabilizers, fillers, and recycling/degradation behavior.
- Quality control and batch comparison in polymer manufacturing.
- Failure analysis and lifetime prediction based on kinetic parameters.
- Thermal analysis laboratories, polymer scientists, instrument manufacturers, and regulatory or certification bodies performing standardized TGA kinetic evaluations.
Related Standards
- ISO 11358-1 - Plastics - Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers - Part 1: General principles (apparatus, calibration, terminology).
- ISO 11358-3 - referenced in edition changes (alignment of conversion/rate terminology).
Keywords: ISO 11358-2:2021, thermogravimetry, TG, thermogravimetric analysis, activation energy, Arrhenius, polymer decomposition, Flynn–Wall, Ozawa, thermal stability, TGA.
Frequently Asked Questions
ISO 11358-2:2021 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Its full title is "Plastics - Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers - Part 2: Determination of activation energy". This standard covers: This document specifies a method for the determination of the activation energy, Ea, in the Arrhenius formula for the decomposition of polymers using a thermogravimetric technique. The method is applicable only if the reaction proceeds by a single mechanism. It is applicable to multistage reactions if they consist of clearly separated single-stage steps.
This document specifies a method for the determination of the activation energy, Ea, in the Arrhenius formula for the decomposition of polymers using a thermogravimetric technique. The method is applicable only if the reaction proceeds by a single mechanism. It is applicable to multistage reactions if they consist of clearly separated single-stage steps.
ISO 11358-2:2021 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ISO 11358-2:2021 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ISO 11358-2:2014. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ISO 11358-2:2021 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11358-2
Third edition
2021-01
Plastics — Thermogravimetry (TG) of
polymers —
Part 2:
Determination of activation energy
Plastiques — Thermogravimétrie (TG) des polymères —
Partie 2: Détermination de l'énergie d'activation
Reference number
©
ISO 2021
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
6 Mass and temperature calibration . 2
6.1 Mass calibration . 2
6.2 Temperature calibration . 2
7 Test specimens. 2
8 Procedure. 3
8.1 General . 3
8.2 Non-oxidative reactions . 3
8.3 Oxidative reactions . 3
9 Expression of results . 3
9.1 Graphical presentation . 3
9.2 Determination of activation energy . 3
10 Precision . 5
11 Test report . 5
Bibliography . 6
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
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electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-
chemical properties.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 11358-2:2014), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— the designation of rate of conversion has been changed in order to match that used in ISO 11358-3;
— the purge gas requirements have been changed with a reference to ISO 11358-1.
A list of all parts in the ISO 11358 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11358-2:2021(E)
Plastics — Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers —
Part 2:
Determination of activation energy
1 Scope
This document specifies a method for the determination of the activation energy, E , in the Arrhenius
a
formula for the decomposition of polymers using a thermogravimetric technique. The method is
applicable only if the reaction proceeds by a single mechanism. It is applicable to multistage reactions if
they consist of clearly separated single-stage steps.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1135
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