ISO/IEC 17344:2005

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 17344
First edition
2005-02-01
Information technology — Data
interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm
optical disk using +R format — Capacity:
4,7 Gbytes and 1,46 Gbytes per side
(recording speed up to 4X)
Technologies de l'information — Échange de données sur disque
optique de 120 mm et 80 mm en utilisant le format +R — Capacité:
4,7 Go et 1,46 Go par face (vitesse d'enregistrement inférieure ou égale
à 4X)
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2005
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©  ISO/IEC 2005
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ii © ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword. viii
Section 1 — General . 1
1 Scope. 1
2 Conformance . 1
2.1 Optical Disk . 1
2.2 Generating system. 1
2.3 Receiving system. 2
2.4 Compatibility statement . 2
3 Normative references . 2
4 Terms and definitions. 2
5 Conventions and notations. 4
5.1 Representation of numbers . 4
5.2 Names. 4
6 List of acronyms . 4
7 General description of the optical disk. 5
8 General Requirements. 6
8.1 Environments . 6
8.1.1 Test environment . 6
8.1.2 Operating environment. 7
8.1.3 Storage environment . 7
8.1.4 Transportation. 7
8.2 Safety requirements. 7
8.3 Flammability . 7
9 Reference Drive. 7
9.1 Optical system. 7
9.2 Optical beam. 8
9.3 Read channel 1. 9
9.4 Disk clamping. 9
9.5 Rotation of the disk. 9
9.6 Wobble channel (Read channel 2). 10
9.7 Tracking channel (Read channel 2). 10
9.7.1 Normalized servo transfer function . 10
9.7.2 Reference Servo for Axial Tracking . 10
9.7.3 Reference Servo for Radial Tracking . 11
Section 2 — Dimensional, mechanical and physical characteristics of the disk. 13
10 Dimensional characteristics . 13
10.1 Reference Planes . 13
10.2 Overall dimensions . 13
10.3 First transition area. 14
10.4 Second transition area . 14
10.5 Clamping Zone . 14
10.6 Third transition area . 14
10.7 Information Zone. 14
10.8 Rim Area. 15
10.9 Remark on tolerances. 15
11 Mechanical characteristics . 17
© ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved iii

11.1 Mass.17
11.2 Moment of inertia.17
11.3 Dynamic imbalance.17
11.4 Axial runout.17
11.5 Radial runout .17
12 Optical characteristics in the Information Zone.18
12.1 Index of refraction .18
12.2 Thickness of the substrate.18
12.3 Reflectivity .18
12.4 Birefringence .18
12.5 Angular deviation .19
Section 3 — Format of information .20
13 Data format.20
13.1 Data Frames .20
13.1.1 Identification Data (ID) .21
13.1.2 ID Error Detection Code (IED) .21
13.1.3 RSV .22
13.1.4 Error Detection Code (EDC) .22
13.2 Scrambled Frames .22
13.3 ECC Blocks .23
13.4 Recording Frames.24
13.5 Modulation and NRZI conversion .25
13.6 Physical Sectors.26
13.7 Layout of a Recording UNit (RUN).27
13.7.1 Recording Unit position.28
13.8 d.c. component suppression control .28
14 Track format.29
14.1 Track shape.29
14.2 Track path .29
14.3 Track pitch .30
14.4 Track layout .30
14.4.1 ADIP information .30
14.4.2 Physical format information in ADIP.35
Section 4 — Format of the Information Zone .46
15 General description of the Information Zone .46
16 Layout of the Information Zone of a Single-session disk .46
16.1 Physical Sector Numbers (PSNs) .46
17 Inner Drive Area.47
17.1 Initial Zone.48
17.2 Inner Disk Test Zone .48
17.3 Count Zone Run-in .48
17.4 Inner Disk Count Zone .48
17.5 Inner Disk Administration Zone.48
17.6 Table of Contents (TOC) Zone .49
17.6.1 Table of Contents Blocks .49
17.6.2 Recorded Area Indicators.52
18 Lead-in Zone .52
18.1 Guard Zone 1 .52
18.2 Reserved Zone 1.52
18.3 Reserved Zone 2.53
18.4 Inner Disk Identification Zone.53
18.5 Reserved Zone 3.53
18.6 Reference Code Zone .53
18.7 Buffer Zone 1 .54
18.8 Control Data Zone .54
iv © ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved

18.8.1 Physical format information. 54
18.8.2 Disk manufacturing information. 56
18.8.3 Content provider information . 56
18.9 Buffer Zone 2 . 56
19 Data Zone. 56
20 Lead-out Zone . 56
20.1 Buffer Zone 3 . 57
20.2 Outer Disk Identification Zone. 57
20.3 Guard Zone 2 . 57
21 Outer Drive Area. 57
21.1 Outer Disk Administration Zone. 58
21.2 Outer Disk Count Zone. 58
21.3 Outer Disk Test Zone. 58
21.4 Guard Zone 3 . 58
22 Multi-session Layout . 58
22.1 Intro . 59
22.1.1 Buffer Zone A . 60
22.1.2 Inner Session Identification Zone . 60
22.1.3 Session Control Data Zone . 60
22.1.4 Buffer Zone B . 60
22.2 Data Zone. 60
22.3 Closure. 60
22.3.1 Buffer Zone C . 60
22.3.2 Outer Session Identification Zone. 60
23 Sequential recording in Fragments. 60
23.1 Opening a Session. 60
23.1.1 Incomplete Fragment. 61
23.1.2 Reserved Fragments. 61
23.1.3 Recording User Data in Fragments. 62
23.1.4 Closing a Fragment. 62
23.2 Closing a Session . 62
23.2.1 Lead-in/Intro Zone. 63
23.2.2 Closure Zone . 63
23.3 Finalizing the disk . 63
24 Assignment of Logical Sector Numbers (LSNs). 63
25 Disk Control Blocks . 63
25.1 General format of Disk Control Blocks. 63
25.2 Format of the Session DCB (SDCB). 65
25.2.1 Session Items . 67
Section 5 — Characteristics of the groove. 69
26 General. 69
27 Method of testing . 69
27.1 Environment . 69
27.2 Reference Drive. 69
27.2.1 Optics and mechanics. 69
27.2.2 Read power. 69
27.2.3 Read channels. 69
27.2.4 Tracking . 69
27.3 Definition of signals. 70
28 Characteristics of the groove signals. 71
28.1 Phase depth. 71
28.2 Push-pull signal . 71
28.3 Track Cross signal . 71
28.4 Normalized wobble signal. 71
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28.5 Characteristics of the wobble .71
Section 6 — Characteristics of the recording layer.72
29 Method of testing.72
29.1 Environment.72
29.2 Reference Drive .72
29.2.1 Optics and mechanics .72
29.2.2 Read power .72
29.2.3 Read channels .72
29.2.4 Tracking.72
29.2.5 Scanning velocity.73
29.3 Write conditions .73
29.3.1 Write pulse waveform .73
29.3.2 Write power.73
29.3.3 Write power dependency on wavelength.73
29.3.4 Write power window.74
29.4 Measurement conditions .74
30 Characteristics of the recorded signals.75
30.1 Channel bit length .75
30.2 Definition of signals .75
30.2.1 High frequency signals (HF).75
30.2.2 Modulated amplitude.75
30.2.3 Signal asymmetry.76
30.2.4 Normalized Slicing Level jump .76
30.2.5 Jitter.76
30.2.6 Track Cross signal .76
30.3 Read stability .76
31 Additional testing conditions.76
31.1 Test environment.77
31.1.1 Optics .77
31.2 Definition of signals .77
31.2.1 Modulated amplitude.77
31.2.2 Signal asymmetry.77
31.2.3 Jitter.77
31.2.4 Track Cross signal .78
31.2.5 Differential phase tracking error signal .78
31.2.6 Tangential push-pull signal.79
32 Quality of the recording layer .79
32.1 Defects.79
32.2 Data errors .79
Section 7 — Characteristics of user data .80
33 Method of testing.80
33.1 Environment.80
33.2 Reference Drive .80
33.2.1 Optics and mechanics .80
33.2.2 Read power .80
33.2.3 Read channels .80
33.2.4 Error correction .80
33.2.5 Tracking.81
34 Minimum quality of a Recording Unit.81
34.1 Tracking.81
34.2 User-written data .81
Annex A (normative) 80 mm +R disk .82
Annex B (normative) Measurement of light reflectivity .85
Annex C (normative) Measurement of birefringence.87
vi © ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved

Annex D (normative) Measuring conditions for operation signals . 89
Annex E (normative) Measurement of the differential phase tracking error. 92
Annex F (normative) The write pulse wave form for testing. 96
Annex G (normative) 8-to-16 Modulation. 101
Annex H (normative) Optimum Power Control and Recording Conditions . 110
Annex I (informative) Light fastness of the disk. 113
Annex J (informative) Wavelength dependency. 114
Annex K (informative) Running OPC . 118
Annex L (informative) Transportation . 119
Annex M (informative) Measurement of the groove wobble amplitude . 120
Annex N (informative) How to use the Physical format information in ADIP . 122
Annex O (informative) Values to be Implemented in Existing and Future Specifications . 124

© ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved vii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of
ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees
established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC
technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information
technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as
an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 17344 was prepared by Ecma International (as ECMA-349) and was adopted, under a special
“fast-track procedure”, by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, in parallel with
its approval by national bodies of ISO and IEC.

viii © ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 17344:2005(E)

Information technology — Data interchange on 120 mm and
80 mm optical disk using +R format — Capacity: 4,7 Gbytes and
1,46 Gbytes per side (recording speed up to 4X)
Section 1 — General
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the mechanical, physical and optical characteristics of 120 mm
recordable optical disks with capacities of 4,7 GB and 9,4 GB. It specifies the quality of the recorded and
unrecorded signals, the format of the data and the recording method, thereby allowing for information
interchange by means of such disks. The data can be written once and read many times using a non-
reversible method. These disks are identified as +R.
The +R system also allows 80 mm disks with capacities of 1,46 GB and 2,92 GB. These disks shall have the
same characteristics as the 120 mm disks, except for some parameters related to the smaller dimensions. All
parameters unique for the 80 mm disks are specified in Annex A.
This International Standard specifies:
− two related but different Types of this disk (see Clause 7);
− the conditions for conformance;
− the environments in which the disk is to be tested, operated and stored;
− the mechanical, physical and dimensional characteristics of the disk, so as to provide mechanical
interchange between data processing systems;
− the format of the information on the disk, including the physical disposition of the tracks and sectors, the
error correcting codes and the coding method; and
− the characteristics of the signals recorded on the disk, thus enabling data processing systems to read the
data from the disk.
This International Standard provides for the interchange of disks between optical disk drives. Together with a
standard for volume and file structure, it provides for full data interchange between data processing systems.
2 Conformance
2.1 Optical Disk
A claim of conformance with this International Standard shall specify the Type implemented. An optical disk
shall be in conformance with this International Standard if it meets all mandatory requirements specified for its
Type.
2.2 Generating system
A generating system shall be in conformance with this International Standard if the optical disk it generates is
in accordance with 2.1.
© ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved 1

2.3 Receiving system
A receiving system shall be in conformance with this International Standard if it is able to handle both Types of
optical disk according to 2.1.
2.4 Compatibility statement
A claim of conformance by a Generating or Receiving system with this International Standard shall include a
statement listing any other standards supported. This statement shall specify the numbers of the standards,
the optical disk types supported (where appropriate) and whether support includes reading only or both
reading and writing.
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 4873:1991, Information technology — ISO 8-bit code for information interchange — Structure and
rules for implementation
ISO/IEC 16448:2002, Information technology — 120 mm DVD — Read-only disk
ISO/IEC 16449:2002, Information technology — 80 mm DVD — Read-only disk
ISO/IEC 17341:2004, Information technology — Data interchange on 120 mm and 80 mm optical disk using
+RW format — Capacity: 4,7 Gbytes and 1,46 Gbytes per side
ECMA-287, Safety of electronic equipment (1999)
4 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply:
4.1
Channel bit
The elements by which the binary values ZERO and ONE are represented by marks and spaces on the disk.
4.2
Clamping Zone
The annular part of the disk within which the clamping force is applied by the clamping device.
4.3
Digital Sum Value (DSV)
The arithmetic sum obtained from a bit stream by allocating the decimal value +1 to bits set to ONE and the
decimal value −1 to bits set to ZERO.
4.4
Disk Reference Plane
A plane defined by the perfectly flat annular surface of an ideal spindle onto which the Clamping Zone of the
disk is clamped, and which is normal to the axis of rotation.
4.5
dummy substrate
A layer which may be transparent or not, provided for the mechanical support of the disk and, in some cases,
of the recording layer as well.
2 © ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved

4.6
entrance surface
The surface of the disk onto which the optical beam first impinges.
4.7
field
A subdivision of a sector.
4.8
groove
A trench-like feature of the disk, applied before the recording of any information, and used to define the track
location. The groove is located nearer to the entrance surface than the so-called land in between the grooves.
The recording is made on the groove.
4.9
interleaving
The process of reallocating the physical sequence of units of data so as to render the data more immune to
burst errors.
4.10
mark
A feature of the recording layer which may take the form of an amorphous domain, a pit, or any other type or
form that can be sensed by the optical system. The pattern of marks and spaces represents the data on the
disk.
4.11
multi-session disk
A disk containing more than one set of Lead-in/Intro, Data, and Lead-out/Closure Zones.
4.12
Physical Sector
The smallest addressable part of a track in the Information Zone of a disk that can be accessed independently
of other addressable parts of the Zone.
4.13
recording layer
A layer of the disk on which data is written during manufacture and/or use.
4.14
Reed-Solomon code (RS)
An error detection and/or correction code.
4.15
Single-session disk
A disk containing a Lead-in Zone, one Data Zone, and a Lead-out Zone.
4.16
session
A continuous part of the Information Zone of the disk consisting of a Lead-in or Intro Zone, a Data Zone and a
Lead-out or Closure Zone.
4.17
space
A feature of the recording layer represented by any area between two marks which can be sensed by the
optical system. The pattern of marks and spaces represents the data on the disk.
© ISO/IEC 2005 – All rights reserved 3

4.18
substrate
A transparent layer of the disk, provided for mechanical support of the recording layer, through which the
optical beam accesses the recording layer.
4.19
track
A 360° turn of a continuous spiral.
4.20
track pitch
The distance between adjacent track centrelines, measured in a radial direction.
4.21
wobble
A continuous sinusoidal deviation of the track from the average centreline. Location i
...