IEC 62271-111:2012

IEC 62271-111
Edition 2.0 2012-09
™
IEEE C37.60
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 111: Automatic circuit reclosers and fault interrupters for alternating current
systems up to 38 kV
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IEC 62271-111
Edition 2.0 2012-09
IEEE C37.60™
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –

Part 111: Automatic circuit reclosers and fault interrupters for alternating current

systems up to 38 kV
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XF
ICS 29.130.10 ISBN 978-2-83220-332-3

– 2 – IEC 62271-111:2012(E)
IEEE Std C37.60-2012(E)
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 11

1 Overview . 14

1.1 Scope . 14

1.2 Normative references . 14

2 Normal and special service conditions . 15

2.101 General . 15

2.102 Normal service conditions . 16
2.102.1 Indoor switchgear and controlgear . 16
2.102.2 Outdoor switchgear and controlgear . 16
2.103 Special service conditions . 17
2.103.1 General . 17
2.103.2 Altitude . 17
2.103.3 Pollution . 17
2.103.4 Temperature and humidity . 18
2.103.5 Vibrations, shock, or tilting . 18
2.103.6 Wind speed . 18
2.103.7 Other special (unusual) service conditions . 18
3 Terms and definitions . 18
3.1 General terms . 19
3.2 Assemblies of switchgear and controlgear . 21
3.3 Parts of assemblies . 21
3.4 Switching devices . 21
3.5 Parts of switchgear and controlgear . 21
3.6 Operation . 21
3.7 Characteristic quantities . 22
3.8 Index of definitions . 23
4 Ratings . 23
4.1 Rated voltage (U ) . 24
r
4.2 Rated insulation level . 25
4.3 Rated frequency (f ) . 26
r
4.4 Rated normal current and temperature rise. 26
4.4.1 Rated normal current (I ) . 26

r
4.4.2 Temperature rise . 27
4.4.3 Particular points of Table 4 . 29
4.5 Rated short-time withstand current (I ) . 30
k
4.6 Rated peak withstand current (I ) . 31
p
4.7 Rated duration of short-circuit (t ) . 31
k
4.8 Rated supply voltage of closing and opening devices and of auxiliary and
control circuits (U ) . 31
a
4.9 Rated supply frequency of closing and opening devices and of auxiliary
circuits . 31
4.10 Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems . 31
4.11 Rated filling levels for insulation and/or operation. 31
4.101 Rated minimum tripping current (I ) . 31
>min
4.102 Rated symmetrical interrupting current (short-circuit breaking current) . 32
Published by IEC under license from IEEE. © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.

IEEE Std C37.60-2012(E)
4.103 Transient recovery voltage related to rated symmetrical interrupting

current . 32

4.103.1 General . 32

4.103.2 Representation of TRV waves . 32

4.103.3 Representation of TRV . 33

4.103.4 Standard values of TRV related to the rated short-circuit breaking

current . 34

4.103.4.1 General . 34

4.103.4.2 First-pole-to-clear factor (k ) . 35
pp
4.103.4.3 Rate of rise of recovery voltage (RRRV) . 36
4.104 Rated symmetrical making current (short-circuit making current) . 43
4.105 Rated operating sequence . 45
4.106 Rated line and cable charging interrupting currents . 45
5 Design and construction . 45
5.1 Requirements for liquids in switchgear and controlgear . 45
5.1.1 Liquid level . 45
5.1.2 Liquid quality . 46
5.1.3 Oil sampling provision (submersible reclosers/FIs) . 46
5.2 Requirements for gases in switchgear and controlgear . 46
5.3 Earthing of switchgear and controlgear . 46
5.4 Auxiliary and control equipment . 46
5.5 Dependent power operation . 46
5.6 Stored energy operation . 46
5.7 Independent manual operation or power operation (independent unlatched
operation) . 46
5.8 Operation of releases . 47
5.8.1 Shunt closing release . 47
5.8.2 Shunt opening release . 47
5.8.3 Capacitor operation of shunt releases . 47
5.8.4 Under-voltage release . 47
5.9 Low- and high- pressure interlocking devices and monitoring devices . 47
5.10 Nameplates . 48
5.11 Interlocking devices . 49
5.12 Position indication . 50
5.13 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures . 50

5.13.1 Protection of persons against access to hazardous parts and
protection of the equipment against ingress of solid foreign
objects (IP coding) . 50
5.13.2 Protection against ingress of water (IP coding) . 50
5.13.3 Protection of equipment against mechanical impact under normal
service conditions (IK coding) . 50
5.13.101 Enclosure design and coating system requirements . 50
5.14 Creepage distances for outdoor insulators . 50
5.15 Gas and vacuum tightness . 51
5.15.1 Controlled pressure systems for gas . 51
5.15.2 Closed pressure systems for gas . 51
5.15.3 Sealed pressure systems . 51
5.15.101 Design and withstand . 51
5.15.102 Leak rate . 51
Published by IEC under license from IEEE. © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.

– 4 – IEC 62271-111:2012(E)
IEEE Std C37.60-2012(E)
5.16 Liquid tightness . 52

5.17 Fire hazard (flammability) . 52

5.18 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 52

5.19 X-ray emission . 52

5.101 Tank construction: submersible or dry vault reclosers/FIs . 52

5.101.1 Tank material and finish . 52

5.101.2 Water entrapment . 52

5.101.3 Tank support . 52

5.101.4 Lifting lugs . 52

5.102 Counters . 52
5.103 Conductor terminal sizes . 52
5.104 Stored mechanism charge indicator . 53
6 Type tests . 53
6.1 General . 53
6.1.1 Grouping of tests . 53
6.1.2 Information for identification of specimens . 54
6.1.3 Information to be included in type-test reports . 54
6.1.101 Test conditions . 55
6.2 Dielectric tests . 56
6.2.1 Ambient air conditions during tests . 56
6.2.2 Wet test procedure . 56
6.2.3 Conditions of switchgear and controlgear during dielectric tests . 56
6.2.4 Criteria to pass the test . 57
6.2.5 Application of the test voltage and test conditions . 57
6.2.6 Tests of switchgear and controlgear of U ≤ 245 kV . 57
r
6.2.7 Test of switchgear and controlgear of U > 245 kV . 58
r
6.2.8 Artificial pollution tests for outdoor insulators. 58
6.3 Radio intereference voltage (r.i.v.) test . 58
6.4 Measurement of the resistance of circuits . 58
6.4.1 Main circuit . 58
6.4.2 Auxiliary circuits . 59
6.5 Temperature-rise tests . 59
6.5.1 Condition of the switchgear and controlgear to be tested . 59
6.5.2 Arrangement of the equipment . 59

6.5.3 Measurement of the temperature and the temperature rise . 60
6.5.4 Ambient air temperature . 60
6.5.5 Temperature-rise test of the auxiliary and control equipment . 60
6.5.6 Interpretation of the temperature-rise tests . 61
6.6 Short time withstand current and peak withstand current tests . 61
6.7 Verification of the protection . 61
6.8 Tightness tests . 61
6.8.1 Controlled pressure systems for gas . 61
6.8.2 Closed pressure systems for gas . 61
6.8.3 Sealed pressure systems . 62
6.8.4 Liquid tightness tests . 62
6.9 Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC) . 62
6.10 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 62
Published by IEC under license from IEEE. © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.

IEEE Std C37.60-2012(E)
6.11 X-radiation test procedure for vacuum interrupters . 62

6.101 Line charging current and cable charging current interruption tests. 62

6.101.1 Applicability . 62

6.101.2 General . 63

6.101.3 Characteristics of supply circuits . 63

6.101.4 Earthing (grounding) of the supply circuit. 63

6.101.5 Characteristics of the capacitive circuit to be switched . 64

6.101.6 Waveform of the current . 64

6.101.7 Test voltage . 64

6.101.8 Test current . 65
6.101.9 Test-duties . 65
6.101.10 Criteria to pass the test . 67
6.102 Making current capability . 67
6.102.1 Test procedure . 67
6.102.2 Criteria for passing making current tests . 67
6.103 Rated symmetrical interrupting current tests . 67
6.103.1 General . 67
6.103.2 Interrupting performance . 69
6.103.3 Verification of rated symmetrical interrupting current . 69
6.103.4 Standard operating duty test; automatic operation. 70
6.103.5 Operating duty test; non-reclosing fault interrupters . 71
6.103.6 Condition of recloser/FI after operating duty test . 71
6.104 Critical current tests . 71
6.104.1 Applicability . 71
6.104.2 Test current . 71
6.104.3 Critical current test-duty . 71
6.105 Minimum tripping current tests . 72
6.105.1 Test circuit . 72
6.105.2 Test procedures . 72
6.106 Partial discharge (corona) tests . 72
6.106.1 Test voltages and limits . 72
6.106.2 Conditioning of test sample . 72
6.106.3 Test equipment and procedure . 72
6.106.4 Partial discharge test report . 73
6.107 Surge current test; series-trip reclosers/FIs . 73

6.107.1 General . 73
6.107.2 Test conditions . 73
6.107.3 Test procedure . 73
6.107.4 Condition after test. 74
6.108 Time-current tests. 74
6.108.1 Test conditions . 74
6.108.2 Test procedure . 74
6.108.3 Presentation of data standard time-current curves . 74
6.109 Mechanical duty test . 75
6.109.1 General . 75
6.109.2 Mechanical duty test . 75
6.109.3 Condition of recloser/FI following mechanical operation test . 75
Published by IEC under license from IEEE. © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.

– 6 – IEC 62271-111:2012(E)
IEEE Std C37.60-2012(E)
6.110 Ice loading test . 76

6.110.1 General . 76

6.110.2 Applicability . 76

6.110.3 Ice formations . 76

6.110.4 Test program . 76

6.110.5 Acceptance criteria . 78

6.111 Control electronic elements surge withstand capability (SWC) tests . 79

6.111.1 General . 79

6.111.2 Oscillatory and fast transient surge tests . 79

6.111.3 Simulated surge arrester operation test . 79
6.112 Condition of recloser/FI after each test of 6.101, 6.103 and 6.104 . 81
6.112.1 General requirements . 81
6.112.2 Specific requirement for vacuum interrupters in SF insulated
equipment . 82
7 Routine tests . 82
7.1 Dielectric test on the main circuit . 83
7.2 Tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 83
7.3 Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit . 83
7.4 Tightness test . 83
7.4.1 Sealed pressure systems . 83
7.4.2 Liquid tightness tests . 83
7.101 Reclosing and overcurrent trip calibration . 84
7.102 Partial discharge test . 84
7.103 Mechanical operations tests . 84
8 Guide to the selection of switchgear and controlgear . 84
9 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders . 85
10 Transport, storage, installation, operation and maintenance . 85
11 Safety . 85
12 Influence of the product on the environment . 85
101 Additional application and test information . 85
101.1 Field tests on units in-service, including d.c. withstand tests on cables . 85
101.2 Internal arc classification . 86
Annex A (informative) X/R Ratios . 87
A.1 General . 87

A.2 Time constant τ and X/R ratio . 87
A.3 Asymmetrical fault current . 87
Annex B (informative) Simulated surge arrester operation test . 89
B.1 General . 89
B.2 Simulated surge arrester operation testing . 89
Annex C (normative) Method of drawing the envelope of the prospective transient
recovery voltage of a circuit and determining the representative parameters . 93
C.1 General . 93
C.2 Drawing the envelope . 93
C.3 Determination of parameters . 93
Annex D (informative) Background basis of recloser TRV values . 95
D.1 General . 95
Published by IEC under license from IEEE. © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.

IEEE Std C37.60-2012(E)
D.2 Two parameter TRV . 95

D.3 u (TRV peak) . 97
c
D.4 Rate of rise of recovery voltage (RRRV) . 98

D.5 t (time to reach u at the specified RRRV) . 98
3 c
D.6 Multipliers for TRV values at currents less than the rated short-circuit current . 98

Annex E (normative) Tolerances for test values . 100

E.1 General . 100

E.2 Type test tolerances . 100

Annex F (informative) Definition for the automatic circuit recloser . 103

F.1 Definition of a recloser . 103
F.2 Background . 103
F.3 Recloser classifications . 103
F.4 Recloser operating characteristics . 104
Annex G (informative) Definition for the fault interrupter . 105
G.1 Definition of a fault interrupter . 105
G.2 Background . 105
G.3 Fault interrupter application . 105
Annex H (informative) Basis of derivation of duty factors and standard operating
duties . 106
H.1 General . 106
H.2 Standard operating duty . 106
Annex I (normative) Ratings for oil interrupting reclosers and hydraulically controlled
reclosers . 109
I.1 General . 109
I.2 Rating structure for hydraulically controlled series-trip and oil interrupting
reclosers . 109
I.2.1 General . 109
I.2.2 Rated maximum voltage . 109
I.2.3 Rated continuous (normal) current (I ) . 109
r
I.2.4 Rated minimum tripping current for hydraulically controlled series-trip
reclosers . 110
I.2.5 Rated symmetrical interrupting current for hydraulically controlled
series-trip reclosers and oil interrupting reclosers . 110
I.2.6 Rated symmetrical making current . 110
I.2.7 Rated operating sequence . 110

I.3 Special test considerations for hydraulically controlled series-trip reclosers –
Measurement of resistance of main circuit . 111
Annex J (normative) Standard methods for determining the values of a sinusoidal
current wave and a power-frequency recovery voltage . 115
J.1 General . 115
J.2 Currents . 115
J.2.1 Significance of r.m.s. values used in the standards on a.c. high-
voltage reclosers/FIs . 115
J.2.2 Classification of current wave . 115
J.2.3 R.m.s. value of a symmetrical sinusoidal wave at a particular instant . 115
J.2.4 R.m.s. value of an asymmetrical sinusoidal wave at a particular
instant . 116
J.2.5 Alternate methods of stating the making current . 117
Published by IEC under license from IEEE. © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.

– 8 – IEC 62271-111:2012(E)
IEEE Std C37.60-2012(E)
J.2.6 Measurement of the r.m.s. value of a current during a short circuit of

several cycles duration . 118

J.3 Power-frequency recovery voltage . 120

Annex K (normative) Altitude correction factors . 121

K.1 General . 121

K.2 Altitude correction factors . 121

Annex L (informative) Comparison of definitions related to the unit operation . 123

L.1 General . 123

L.2 Broader reclose operation . 123

Annex M (informative) Corrosion protection . 126
M.1 General . 126
M.2 Reference documents. 126
M.3 Other considerations . 126
Bibliography . 127

Figure 1 – Unit operation . 21
Figure 2 – Representation of the specified TRV as a two-parameter line and a delay line . 34
Figure 3 – Test circuits for cable-charging or line-charging switching tests (see
6.101.5) . 66
Figure 4 – Three-phase short-circuit representation . 68
Figure 5 – Surge test circuit . 81
Figure B.1 – Surge test circuit . 91
Figure B.2 – Typical surge voltage and current waves . 92
Figure C.1 – Representation by two parameters of a prospective transient recovery
voltage of a test circuit . 94
Figure D.1 – A TRV waveform as a 1-cosine function of time . 96
Figure D.2 – Representation of the specified TRV as a two-parameter line and a delay line . 96
Figure D.3 – Representation of the specified TRV as a two-parameter line and a delay
line compared to a 1-cosine TRV waveform . 97
Figure H.1 – Recloser duty factors . 108
Figure J.1 – Measurement of the r.m.s. value of a symmetrical wave . 116
Figure J.2 – Measurement of the r.m.s. value of an asymmetrical wave . 117
Figure J.3 – Determination of the equivalent r.m.s. value of a short-time current. 119

Figure J.4 – Determination of the power-frequency pole unit recovery voltage . 120
Figure K.1 – Altitude correction factors . 121
Figure L.1 – Illustration of auto-reclose operation . 125

Table 1 – Ratings for automatic circuit recloser, cutout mounted reclosers and fault
interrupters . 24
Table 2 – Preferred voltage ratings and related test requirements applied on overhead
a
line distribution circuits . 25
Table 3 – Preferred voltage ratings and related test requirements for reclosers/FIs
a
applied on cable connected distribution circuits . 26
Table 4 – Limits of temperature and temperature rise for various parts and materials of
reclosers/Fis (1 of 2) . 28
Published by IEC under license from IEEE. © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.

IEEE Std C37.60-2012(E)
Table 5 – Listing of tables describing TRV values under different rating conditions . 35

Table 6 – Standard values of prospective transient recovery voltage representation by

two parameters for three-phase reclosers with rated symmetrical interrupting currents

> 4 000 A in overhead line connected circuits . 37

Table 7 – Standard values of prospective transient recovery voltage representation by

two parameters for single-phase reclosers with symmetrical interrupting currents >

4 000 A in overhead line connected circuit . 38

Table 8 – Standard values of prospective transient recovery voltage representation by

two parameters for three-phase reclosers with symmetrical interrupting currents >

4 000 A in cable connected systems . 39

Table 9 – Standard values of prospective transient recovery voltage representation by
two parameters for single-phase reclosers with symmetrical interrupting currents >
4 000 A in cable connected systems . 40
Table 10 – Standard values of prospective transient recovery voltage representation by
two parameters for three-phase reclosers with symmetrical interrupting currents ≤
4 000 A in both overhead and cable connected systems and three-phase fault
interrupters of all interrupting ratings in cable connected systems . 41
Table 11 – Standard values of prospective transient recovery voltage representation by
two parameters for single-phase reclosers with symmetrical interrupting currents ≤
4 000 A in both overhead and cable connected systems and single-phase fault
interrupters of all interrupting ratings in cable connected systems . 42
Table 12 – Performance characteristics – Standard operating duty . 44
Table 13 – Preferred line and cable charging interrupting current ratings . 45
Table 14 – Nameplate markings . 49
Table 15 – Example of grouping. 54
a
Table 16 – Size of bare copper leads . 59
a
Table 17 – Size of bare aluminum leads . 60
Table 18 – Permissible temporary leakage rates for gas systems . 61
Table 19 – Switching test duties . 65
Table 20 – Characteristics for electrical disturbance tests . 79
Table A.1 – X/R ratios: peak factors and r.m.s. factors . 88
Table D.1 – TRV peak multiplier .
...