IEC 60556:2006/AMD1:2016

IEC 60556 ®
Edition 2.0 2016-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
AM ENDMENT 1
AM ENDEMENT 1
Gyromagnetic materials intended for application at microwave frequencies –
Measuring methods for properties

Matériaux gyromagnétiques destinés à des applications hyperfréquences –
Méthodes de mesure des propriétés

IEC 60556:2006-04/AMD1:2016-03(en-fr)

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IEC 60556 ®
Edition 2.0 2016-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
AM ENDMENT 1
AM ENDEMENT 1
Gyromagnetic materials intended for application at microwave frequencies –

Measuring methods for properties

Matériaux gyromagnétiques destinés à des applications hyperfréquences –

Méthodes de mesure des propriétés

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.100.10 ISBN 978-2-8322-3274-3

– 2 – IEC 60556:2006/AMD1:2016
© IEC 2016
FOREWORD
This amendment has been prepared by IEC technical committee 51: Magnetic components
and ferrite materials.
The text of this amendment is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
51/1064/CDV 51/1089A/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this amendment can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
The committee has decided that the contents of this amendment and the base publication will
remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.
_____________
Add, after Clause 11, the following new Clause 12 and Annex A:
12 Gyromagnetic resonance linewidth ΔH and effective gyromagnetic ratio γ
eff
by non resonant method
12.1 General
So far the gyromagnetic resonance linewidth ΔH and the effective gyromagnetic ratio γ have
eff
been measured by using the resonant cavity as described in Clause 6. Therefore, the
measuring frequency is restricted to the frequency specified by a cavity resonator.
Meanwhile, various kinds of ferrite devices have been developed in a wide frequency range.
Accordingly it is desirable to measure the gyromagnetic resonance linewidth ΔH and the
effective gyromagnetic ratio γ easily at any frequency demanded for the development of
eff
ferrite materials or devices. Moreover, there are two problems in the cavity resonator method
described in Clause 6. One problem is the insufficient resolution of a magneto flux density
meter, which is apt to cause poor accuracy in the measurement of the narrow resonance

© IEC 2016
linewidth. Another problem is that a ferrite sample becomes too small to be shaped into a
sphere or a disk, because it is necessary to reduce the size of a ferrite sample to keep the
resonance absorption increasing with the reduction of the resonance linewidth to proper
values in order to ensure a sufficiently small cavity perturbation. In Clause 12, the measuring
methods of the gyromagnetic resonance linewidth ΔH and the effective gyromagnetic ratio γ
eff
at an arbitrary frequency are described.
12.2 Object
To describe methods that can be used for measuring the gyromagnetic resonance linewidth
ΔH and the effective gyromagnetic ratio γ of isotropic microwave ferrites at an arbitrary
eff
frequency over the frequency range of 1 GHz to 10 GHz by the measurement of the changes
in transmission and reflection characteristics with frequency sweep.
12.3 Measuring methods
12.3.1 General
The measurements are performed by measuring the changes of transmission characteristics,
such as complex reflection coefficients or scalar transmission coefficients, in a transmission
line loaded with a ferrite sample with frequency sweep. The advent of a frequency synthesizer
and a receiver with low noise figure and a wide dynamic range in the microwave region has
made it possible to perform these measurements accurately.
Strictly speaking, the linewidth measured under frequency sweep and a constant external
magnetic field is not the same as the one measured under external magnetic field sweep and
a constant frequency as described in Clause 6. However the difference between two
measured values is small to the extent that it causes no problem in practical use.
As the measuring method, two methods can be considered as follows:
1) Reflection method – method measuring the reflection coefficients from the short-circuited
transmission line loaded with a ferrite sample.
2) Transmission method – method measuring the transmission power through a ferrite-
loaded coupling hole made in a common ground plane of the transmission lines crossing
at right angle.
These two methods have advantages and disadvantages in comparison with each other from
the standpoint of practical use. The reflection method has the advantage of a simple test
fixture’s structure, easier sample mounting and simpler measuring circuit arrangement due to
one port measurement, which is convenient for the measurement of temperature dependence
of the resonance linewidth. The transmission method has the advantage of being able to
measure the resonance linewidth by one ferrite sample in a wide frequency range and gives
more accurate measuring values of the resonance linewidth due to simpler measurement, i.e.
the measurement of the transmission power only, under careful making of a test fixture.
These two methods are enumerated in 12.3.2 and 12.3.3.
12.3.2 Reflection method
12.3.2.1 Measurement theory
The recommended method for measuring the gyromagnetic resonance linewidth ΔH and
effective gyromagnetic ratio γ is based on the measurement of the reflection coefficient S
eff 11
of a short-circuited transmission line with the specimen as proposed by Bady [20]. In this
standard, the short-circuited microstrip line is used as schematically shown in Figure 27.

– 4 – IEC 60556:2006/AMD1:2016
© IEC 2016
Reference plane (virtual)
z
Stripline
Connector
for µ = 1
for FMR
y
H
H cal
ext
x
Short end
Ground
Specimen
IEC
Figure 27 – Schematic drawing of short-circuited
microstrip line fixture with specimen
The reference plane is defined by the length of the specimen from the short end. Seen from
the reference plane of the test fixture, the lumped element equivalent circuit can be assumed
to be a L C parallel circuit as in Figure 28a) when the strong magnetic field is applied
o o
parallel to the plane of specimen (x-direction) to achieve the situation of µ = 1. After removing
this field, the field is applied perpendicularly to the specimen plane for gyromagnetic
resonance. Figure 28b) shows the equivalent circuit for gyromagnetic resonance [21], where
L is an air core inductance and C is a parasitic capacitance. The values of L and C are
o o o o
designated “fixture constants”. The method to calculate “fixture constants” is shown in
12.3.2.8. When a gyromagnetic resonance occurs, it is considered that some portion η of air
core inductance L is replaced by the complex relative permeability µ’ µ”, and the coupling
o
coefficient η is almost invariable within the measurement frequency range. The half value
width of the resonant curve of the imaginary part µ” is defined as gyromagnetic resonance
linewidth. By measuring the S parameters of Figure 28a) and 28b), the quantity ηµ”L
11 o
proportional to the imaginary part µ” can be derived based on the circuit theory analysis as
shown in 12.3.2.5.
Consequently the gyromagnetic resonance linewidth ∆H is derived from the resonance curve
of ηµ”L .
o
ηµ’L ηωµ”L
o o
S ←
S ←
11o
(1 − η)L
C L C
o
o o o
a) b)
IEC IEC
Figure 28a) with µ = 1 under strong magnetic
Figure 28b) with gyromagnetic resonance
field parallel to r.f. magnetic field
Figure 28 – Equivalent circuits of short-circuited microstrip line
12.3.2.2 Test specimens and test fixtures
The structure of the all-shielded short-circuited microstrip line as test fixture is shown
schematically in Figure 29. A disk shape or square slab specimen is set at the end of the
short-circuited portion. To avoid disturbance from outside, the shielded covers are set up on
the upper side and both sides of the test fixture. The impedance of the test fixture except the
short end should be made at 50 Ω ± 2 Ω by adjusting the gap between the connector and the
strip line. The typical dimensions of the test fixture are shown in Table 1.

IEC 60556:2006/AMD1:2
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