IEC 63522-31:2025
(Main)Electrical relays - Tests and measurements - Part 31: Magnetic remanence
Electrical relays - Tests and measurements - Part 31: Magnetic remanence
IEC 63522-31:2025 This part of IEC 63522 is used for testing all kind of electrical relays and for evaluating their ability to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use.
This document defines a standard test method to investigate the effect of remanence in the magnetic circuit of relays with DC coil.
Relais électriques - Essais et mesurages - Partie 31: Rémanence magnétique
IEC 63522-31:2025 La présente partie de l'IEC 63522 traite des essais de tous les types de relais électriques et elle évalue leur aptitude à fonctionner dans les conditions prévues de transport, de stockage et dans tous les aspects de leur utilisation opérationnelle. Le présent document a pour objet de définir une méthode d’essai normalisée en vue d'étudier l'effet de rémanence dans le circuit magnétique des relais à bobine à courant continu.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 18-Aug-2025
- Technical Committee
- TC 94 - Electrical relays
- Drafting Committee
- WG 3 - TC 94/WG 3
- Current Stage
- PPUB - Publication issued
- Start Date
- 19-Aug-2025
- Completion Date
- 12-Sep-2025
Overview
IEC 63522-31:2025 is an international standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) that defines a standardized test method for evaluating the magnetic remanence in electrical relays with DC coils. Magnetic remanence refers to the residual magnetic effect remaining in a relay’s magnetic circuit after energization, potentially affecting relay performance. This part of IEC 63522 focuses on ensuring that relays maintain reliable operation under conditions encountered during transportation, storage, and normal use.
This standard applies to a wide range of electrical relays, including electromechanical relays, reed relays, solid state relays, time relays, and hybrid technologies. By specifying test procedures and evaluation criteria, IEC 63522-31:2025 helps manufacturers and testers assess a relay’s capacity to perform consistently despite the influence of magnetic remanence, increasing product reliability and safety.
Key Topics
Scope and Applicability
The document applies to monostable relays energized by direct current (DC) coils and is designed to measure how residual magnetism affects relay operation over repeated cycles.Standardized Test Procedure
The test sequence involves saturating the relay coil with current, then reducing it and measuring the relay’s operate values in both forward and reverse polarities. This cycle detects the remanence effect through a calculated remanence rate, expressed as a percentage difference between operate values.Test Conditions and Parameters
Key parameters such as forward saturate value (FSV), reverse saturate value (RSV), actual operate value (AOV), and duration of energization are defined to ensure consistent and reproducible testing. External magnetic fields during testing must be controlled or limited according to referenced standards like IEC 63522-25.Acceptance Criteria
The remanence rate must not exceed a specified limit to pass the test. Detailed test reports must document all conditions, measurements, and outcomes to enable verification and repeatability.Related Terminology
Definitions of essential terms such as actual operate value, forward saturate value, and reverse saturate value are outlined, ensuring clarity for test practitioners and manufacturers.
Applications
Quality Control in Relay Manufacturing
IEC 63522-31:2025 provides a rigorous framework to evaluate residual magnetic effects, which helps manufacturers validate relay designs and production quality.Reliability Assurance in Electrical Systems
By investigating magnetic remanence, this standard supports the development of relays that remain reliable in various operational environments, minimizing failures in power systems, automation, and control applications.Improving Performance of DC Coil Relays
The test method aids in detecting magnetic retention that could impede relay switching performance, particularly critical in safety and mission-critical electrical operations.Support for Product Certification and Compliance
Adherence to this standard facilitates compliance with international safety and performance expectations, essential for global market access.
Related Standards
IEC 63522-0: General and Guidance for Electrical Relays Tests
Provides the foundational terms, definitions, and common procedures referenced throughout IEC 63522 series.IEC 63522-25: Magnetic Interference Test for Electrical Relays
Describes magnetic interference test conditions, supporting accurate evaluation of external magnetic field influences during remanence testing.IEC 61810-1: Electromechanical Elementary Relays – General and Safety Requirements
Covers general requirements relevant when testing electromechanical relays, complementing the remanence-specific tests.
Practical Value
Implementing IEC 63522-31:2025 enables engineers, manufacturers, and testing laboratories to:
- Ensure relay functionality is unimpaired by residual magnetism after exposure to normal operational cycles.
- Minimize emergency failures caused by unintended magnetic retention in DC coil relays.
- Optimize relay designs for better magnetic circuit performance.
- Maintain product consistency and assure end-users of device reliability under transportation and storage stresses.
- Produce verifiable test documentation meeting international compliance and certification standards.
By adopting this standard, the electrical relay industry can enhance product trustworthiness and operational safety worldwide through consistent remanence assessment and mitigation.
IEC 63522-31:2025 - Electrical relays - Tests and measurements - Part 31: Magnetic remanence Released:19. 08. 2025 Isbn:9782832706473
IEC 63522-31:2025 - Relais électriques - Essais et mesurages - Partie 31: Rémanence magnétique Released:19. 08. 2025 Isbn:9782832706473
IEC 63522-31:2025 - Electrical relays - Tests and measurements - Part 31: Magnetic remanence Released:19. 08. 2025 Isbn:9782832706473
Frequently Asked Questions
IEC 63522-31:2025 is a standard published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its full title is "Electrical relays - Tests and measurements - Part 31: Magnetic remanence". This standard covers: IEC 63522-31:2025 This part of IEC 63522 is used for testing all kind of electrical relays and for evaluating their ability to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use. This document defines a standard test method to investigate the effect of remanence in the magnetic circuit of relays with DC coil.
IEC 63522-31:2025 This part of IEC 63522 is used for testing all kind of electrical relays and for evaluating their ability to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of operational use. This document defines a standard test method to investigate the effect of remanence in the magnetic circuit of relays with DC coil.
IEC 63522-31:2025 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 29.120.70 - Relays. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
IEC 63522-31:2025 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 63522-31 ®
Edition 1.0 2025-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Electrical relays - Tests and measurements -
Part 31: Magnetic remanence
ICS 29.120.70 ISBN 978-2-8327-0647-3
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or
by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either
IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC copyright
or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or your local
IEC member National Committee for further information.
IEC Secretariat Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 2
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Test procedure . 5
4.1 Purpose . 5
4.2 Procedure . 5
4.3 Conditions . 6
5 Evaluation . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Test report . 6
Bibliography . 7
Figure 1 – Sequential diagram for magnetic remanence test . 5
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
Electrical relays - Tests and measurements -
Part 31: Magnetic remanence
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s), which
may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represe
...
IEC 63522-31 ®
Edition 1.0 2025-08
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Relais électriques - Essais et mesurages -
Partie 31: Rémanence magnétique
ICS 29.120.70 ISBN 978-2-8327-0647-3
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et
les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des
questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.
IEC Secretariat Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
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Switzerland
A propos de l'IEC
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Normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.
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SOMMAIRE
AVANT-PROPOS . 2
1 Domaine d'application . 4
2 Références normatives . 4
3 Termes et définitions. 4
4 Procédure d'essai . 5
4.1 Objet . 5
4.2 Procédure . 5
4.3 Conditions . 6
5 Évaluation . 6
5.1 Généralités . 6
5.2 Rapport d'essai . 6
Bibliographie . 8
Figure 1 – Schéma séquentiel de l'essai de rémanence magnétique . 5
COMMISSION ÉLECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE
____________
Relais électriques - Essais et mesurages -
Partie 31: Rémanence magnétique
AVANT-PROPOS
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L'IEC ne saurait être tenue pour responsable de ne pas avoir identifié de tels droits de brevets.
L'IEC 63522-31 a été établie par le comité d'études 94 de l'IEC: Relais électriques. Il s'agit
d'une Norme internationale.
Le texte de cette Norme internationale est issu des documents suivants:
...
IEC 63522-31 ®
Edition 1.0 2025-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electrical relays - Tests and measurements -
Part 31: Magnetic remanence
Relais électriques - Essais et mesurages -
Partie 31: Rémanence magnétique
ICS 29.120.70 ISBN 978-2-8327-0647-3
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or
by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either
IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC copyright
or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or your local
IEC member National Committee for further information.
Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et
les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des
questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.
IEC Secretariat Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé info@iec.ch
CH-1211 Geneva 20 www.iec.ch
Switzerland
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigendum or an amendment might have been published.
IEC publications search - IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform Discover our powerful search engine and read freely all the
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a publications previews, graphical symbols and the glossary.
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical With a subscription you will always have access to up to date
committee, …). It also gives information on projects, content tailored to your needs.
replaced and withdrawn publications.
Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished The world's leading online dictionary on electrotechnology,
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published containing more than 22 500 terminological entries in English
details all new publications released. Available online and and French, with equivalent terms in 25 additional languages.
once a month by email. Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary
(IEV) online.
IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch/csc
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or
need further assistance, please contact the Customer
Service Centre: sales@iec.ch.
A propos de l'IEC
La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (IEC) est la première organisation mondiale qui élabore et publie des
Normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.
A propos des publications IEC
Le contenu technique des publications IEC est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possédez l’édition la
plus récente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir été publié.
Recherche de publications IEC - IEC Products & Services Portal - products.iec.ch
webstore.iec.ch/advsearchform Découvrez notre puissant moteur de recherche et consultez
La recherche avancée permet de trouver des publications gratuitement tous les aperçus des publications, symboles
IEC en utilisant différents critères (numéro de référence, graphiques et le glossaire. Avec un abonnement, vous aurez
texte, comité d’études, …). Elle donne aussi des toujours accès à un contenu à jour adapté à vos besoins.
informations sur les projets et les publications remplacées
ou retirées. Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
Le premier dictionnaire d'électrotechnologie en ligne au
IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished monde, avec plus de 22 500 articles terminologiques en
Restez informé sur les nouvelles publications IEC. Just anglais et en français, ainsi que les termes équivalents
Published détaille les nouvelles publications parues. dans 25 langues additionnelles. Egalement appelé
Disponible en ligne et une fois par mois par email. Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International (IEV) en ligne.
Service Clients - webstore.iec.ch/csc
Si vous désirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette
publication ou si vous avez des questions contactez-
nous: sales@iec.ch.
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 2
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Test procedure . 5
4.1 Purpose . 5
4.2 Procedure . 5
4.3 Conditions . 6
5 Evaluation . 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Test report . 6
Bibliography . 7
Figure 1 – Sequential diagram for magnetic remanence test . 5
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
Electrical relays - Tests and measurements -
Part 31: Magnetic remanence
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) IEC draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). IEC takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights in
respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, IEC had not received notice of (a) patent(s), which
may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent
the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at https://patents.iec.ch. IEC
shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 63522-31 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 94: Electrical relays. It is an
International Standard.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
94/1128/FDIS 94/1160/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/publications.
A list of all parts of IEC 63522 series, published under the general title Electrical relays – Test
and measurements, can be found on the IEC website.
This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 63522-0:– .
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn, or
• revised.
___________
Under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: IEC CDV 63522-0:2024.
1 Scope
This part of IEC 63522 is used for testing all kind of electrical relays and for evaluating their
ability to perform under expected conditions of transportation, storage and all aspects of
operational use.
NOTE Examples for electrical relays in the sense of this document include electromechanical relays, reed relays,
reed contacts, reed switches, solid state relays, time relays and technology combinations of these.
This document defines a standard test method to investigate the effect of remanence in the
magnetic circuit of relays with DC coil.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 63522-0:–, Electrical relays - Tests and measurements - Part 0: General and guidance
IEC 63522-25:–, Electrical relays - Tests and measurements - Part 25: Magnetic interference
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 63522-0 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
actual operate value
AOV
energization value at the time when the relay operates and when the energization is increased
from zero
3.2
forward saturate value
FSV
value of energization of a relay coil at which the relay operates and the magnetic circuit has
reached saturation
3.3
reverse saturate value
RSV
value of energization of a relay coil in opposite polarity to the FSV at which the magnetic circuit
has reached saturation
___________
Under development. Stage at the time of publication: IEC CDV 63522-0:2024.
Under development. Stage at the time of publication: IEC FDIS 63522-25:2024.
4 Test procedure
4.1 Purpose
The purpose of this test is to check that the effect of remanence in the magnetic circuit of a
device under test (DUT), from one cycle to the next, does not exceed the specified limits.
4.2 Procedure
This test is only applicable to monostable relays with DC energization. Influences of external
fields shall remain constant during the test and shall be limited to the reference values or limited
to the magnetic interference values in accordance with IEC 63522-25. Contact circuits shall be
monitored for failure to make or to break at the appropriate values of energization throughout
the test. For the energization, current values only shall be considered so as to avoid effects of
changes in coil resistance. The test is carried out in four steps, as follows (see Figure 1):
Key
FSV forward saturate value
RSV reverse saturate value
t 20 ms unless otherwise specified
AOV b) AOV
b
AOV d) AOV
d
Figure 1 – Sequential diagram for magnetic remanence test
a) The DUT is energized at a specified saturate value and shall, unless otherwise specified,
be kept at this energization for a period of at least 20 ms. The DUT shall be in operate
condition for min 5 ms. The energization shall then be reduced to zero, and shall remain at
zero for at least a further 20 ms. The DUT shall be in release condition for a minimum of
10 ms.
b) The energization value shall be increased from zero, at the same polarity as under step a),
until the DUT operates, and the actual operate value (AOV ) shall be measured.
b
c) The energization shall be reduced and changed from the actual operate value through zero
to the specified reverse saturate value, and shall, unless otherwise specified, remain at that
value for at least 20 ms.
d) The energization shall be reduced and changed from the reverse saturate value through
zero until, at the same polarity as under steps a) and b), the DUT operates and the actual
shall be measured.
operate value AOV
d
The remanence rate, as a percentage, is equal to:
AOV - AOV
bd
100 ×
AOV
b
It shall not exceed the value specified.
4.3 Conditions
The conditions from IEC 63522-0 shall be applied if applicable unless different conditions are
specified in this document or by the manufacturer.
The conditions to be specified are the following:
a) saturate value and reverse saturate value and duration of application, if other t
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