ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014

INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 29182-3
First edition
2014-02-15
Information technology — Sensor
networks: Sensor Network Reference
Architecture (SNRA) —
Part 3:
Reference architecture views
Technologies de l’information — Réseaux de capteurs: Architecture de
référence pour réseaux de capteurs —
Partie 3: Vues de l’architecture de référence
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2014
© ISO/IEC 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
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ii © ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Abbreviated terms . 1
5 Purpose of Sensor Network Reference Architecture . 2
6 Overview of Sensor Network Reference Architecture . 3
7 Business architecture .11
8 Information architecture .12
8.1 Introduction .12
8.2 Application architecture .12
8.3 Data architecture .12
9 Technical architecture .13
9.1 Introduction .13
9.2 Physical View .16
9.3 System View .17
9.4 System Functionality .19
9.5 Technical View .19
Bibliography .22
© ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved iii

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 29182-3 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology.
ISO/IEC 29182 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology — Sensor
networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA):
— Part 1: General overview and requirements
— Part 2: Vocabulary and terminology
— Part 3: Reference architecture views
— Part 4: Entity models
— Part 5: Interface definitions
— Part 6: Applications
— Part 7: Interoperability guidelines
iv © ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved

Introduction
A wide range of applications has been proposed for sensor networks. In practice, however, sensor
networks have been built and deployed for a relatively small number of applications. This is partly due
to the lack of a business case for certain applications and partly due to technical challenges in building
a non-trivial sensor network of reasonable complexity. The main reason for this impediment is multi-
disciplinary expertise – such as sensors, communications and networking, signal processing, electronics,
computing, and cyber security – is required to design a sensor network. Presently, the design process
is so complex that one can leverage little from one sensor network design to another. It appears as if
one has to start from almost scratch every time one wishes to design and deploy a sensor network. Yet,
upon closer inspection, there are many commonalities in instantiations of sensor networks that realize
various applications. These commonalities include similarities in the choice of network architecture and
the entities/functional blocks that are used in the architecture.
The purpose of the ISO/IEC 29182 series of International Standards (ISs) is to
— provide guidance to facilitate the design and development of sensor networks,
— improve interoperability of sensor networks, and
— make sensor network components plug-and-play, so that it becomes fairly easy to add/remove
sensor nodes to/from an existing sensor network.
The ISO/IEC 29182 series can be used by sensor network designers, software developers, system
integrators, and service providers to meet customer requirements, including any applicable
interoperability requirements.
The ISO/IEC 29182 series comprises seven parts. Brief descriptions of these parts are given next.
ISO/IEC 29182-1 provides a general overview and the requirements for the sensor network reference
architecture.
ISO/IEC 29182-2 provides definitions for the terminology and vocabulary used in the reference
architecture.
ISO/IEC 29182-3 presents the reference architecture from various viewpoints, such as business,
operational, system, technical, functional, and logical views.
This part of ISO/IEC 29182 categorizes the entities comprising the reference architecture into two
classes of physical and functional entities and presents models for the entities.
ISO/IEC 29182-5 provides detailed information on the interfaces among various entities in the reference
architecture.
ISO/IEC 29182-6 provides detailed information on the development of International Standardized
Profiles.
ISO/IEC 29182-7 provides design principles for the reference architecture that take the interoperability
requirements into account.
© ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved v

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 29182-3:2014(E)
Information technology — Sensor networks: Sensor
Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) —
Part 3:
Reference architecture views
1 Scope
This International Standard (IS) provides Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) views. The
architecture views include business, operational, systems, and technical perspectives, and these views
are presented in functional, logical, and/or physical views where applicable. This IS focuses on high-
level architecture views which can be further developed by system developers and implementers for
specific applications and services.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 29182-1, Information technology — Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture
(SNRA) — Part 1: General overview and requirements
ISO/IEC 29182-2, Information technology — Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture
(SNRA) — Part 2: Vocabulary and terminology
ISO/IEC 29182-4, Information technology — Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture
(SNRA) — Part 4: Entity models
ISO/IEC 29182-5, Information technology — Sensor networks: Sensor Network Reference Architecture
(SNRA) — Part 5: Interface definitions
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 29182-2 apply.
4 Abbreviated terms
1D One-dimensional
2D Two-dimensional
3D Three-dimensional
AL Application Layer
BFL Basic Function Layer
CIP Collaborative Information Processing
CLM Cross Layer Management
© ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved 1

CPU Computer Processing Unit
GHL Gateway Hardware Layer
GPS Global Positioning System
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
IS International Standard
OGC Open Geospatial Consortium
OS Operating System
PV Physical View
RA Reference Architecture
SL Service Layer
SNHL Sensor Node Hardware Layer
SNRA Sensor Network Reference Architecture
SOA Service-Oriented Architecture
SV System View
TS Technical Standards
TV Technical View
5 Purpose of Sensor Network Reference Architecture
This International Standard provides reference architecture views consistent with the requirements
which are defined in ISO/IEC 29182-1 (General overview and requirements) and can be utilized more
effectively with other Parts, especially with ISO/IEC 29182-4 (Entity Models) and ISO/IEC 29182-5
(Interface Definitions).
A Reference Architecture (RA) is a generalized architecture of several end systems that share one or
more common domains, giving direction downward and requiring compliance upward. Therefore, an
architecture for a certain application will contain some, most, or all of the reference architecture. In
other words, the developer can reuse entities and elements in the reference architecture that fit his or
her application architecture and ignore the rest of entities and elements in the reference architecture.
In addition, the RA provides standards and policies for building a specific architecture.
RAs provide a consistent point of departure for implementing solutions so that each implementation:
a) Follows a consistent decomposition and design pattern;
b) Reduces cost by exploiting opportunities for reuse of services, products, data definitions, etc.;
c) Reduces schedule by starting with a core architecture to be tailored for implementation; and
d) Reduces risk by:
— Incorporating required global capabilities; and
— Taking advantaged of lessons learned and related expertise.
The Sensor Network Reference Architecture (SNRA) outlines “what” the overall structured approach
is for facilitating interoperability and the SNRA, from the details of this structure, indicates “how” the
2 © ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved

architecture and its entities will operate through the development of interface standards. In short, the
SNRA provides rules and guidance for developing and presenting architecture descriptions.
This standard provides not only multiple perspectives of SNRA (e.g. business, information, and technical)
but also multiple views of the technical architecture (e.g. physical, system, operational, etc.) describing a
sensor network (e.g. business, information, application, and data). The combination of these architecture
perspectives and views forms
...