IEC 62271-1:2017
(Main)High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and controlgear
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and controlgear
IEC 62271-1:2017 applies to AC switchgear and controlgear designed for indoor and/or outdoor installation and for operation at service frequencies up to and including 60 Hz and having rated voltages above 1 000 V.
This document applies to all high-voltage switchgear and controlgear except as otherwise specified in the relevant IEC standards for the particular type of switchgear and controlgear.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2007 and Amendment 1:2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
New numbering in accordance with ISO/IEC directives, Part 2 (2016) and IEEE Std. C37.100.1.
4.1.2 a) The normal service condition for indoor switchgear is limited to one range of 40 °C to -5 °C.
4.1.3 a) The normal service condition for outdoor switchgear is limited to one range of 40 °C to -25 °C.
4.2.2: The specifications from IEC 60071-2:1996 are adopted for altitude correction factors above 1 000 m.
5.2.2: Range I, the rated voltage of 40,5 kV is added Series I Table 1; Table 2 and Table 4 are updated on recommendation of the US National Committee.
6.8: New subclause added for manual operated actuators consistent with “Man Machine Interface” recommendations of IEC 60447 .
7.2.6.1:Insert the wording regarding preliminary impulses across open vacuum interrupters according to the result of IEC 17/1026/RQ.
7.3: Changed the requirement for radio interference voltage to a rated voltage level of 245 kV and above, instead of 123 kV and above. This change is based on reported positive test and service experience of utility representatives in the maintenance team of this standard.
7.5.6, Table 14:
a. Introduced the distinction of parts in “OG” (oxidizing gas) or in “NOG” (not oxidizing gas) replacing the former “air” and “SF6”;
b. Increased the allowable temperature rise for some parts in groups 1 and 2 of Table 14 according to IEC TR 60943;
c. Expanded the definition of allowable temperature rise for categories of accessible surfaces with reference to IEC Guide 117. See also Point 15 in 7.5.6.2.
7.5.6.2: Point 5 is modified to clarify the introduction of “OG” and “NOG” gas.
7.10: Some tests were removed because the relevant test standards of IEC 60068 series were modified or withdrawn.
7.11.3: The acceptance criteria for X-radiation testing are modified to recognize higher rated vacuum interrupters.
Former informative Annex H: Corrosion is deleted, the content is part of
IEC TR 62271-306.
New Annex J (informative): Added informative guidelines for the extension of validity of type tests
New Annex K (informative): Added informative guidelines about exposure to pollution
The contents of the Interpretation Sheet 1 of May 2021 have been included in this copy.
Appareillage à haute tension - Partie 1: Spécifications communes pour appareillage à courant alternatif
L’IEC 62271:2017 s'applique à l'appareillage à courant alternatif prévu pour être installé à l'intérieur et/ou à l'extérieur et pour fonctionner à des fréquences de service inférieures ou égales à 60 Hz, et ayant des tensions assignées supérieures à 1 000 V.
Ce document s'applique à tout l'appareillage à haute tension, sauf spécification contraire dans les normes particulières de l’IEC pour le type d'appareillage considéré.
Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2007 et l'Amendement 1:2011. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
Nouvelle numérotation conformément aux Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2 (2016) et à l’IEEE Std. C37.100.1.
4.1.2 a): Limitation des conditions normales de service de l’appareillage pour l’intérieur à une plage de 40 °C à –5 °C.
4.1.3 a): Limitation des conditions normales de service de l’appareillage pour l’extérieur à une plage de 40 °C à –25 °C.
4.2.2: Adoption des spécifications de l’IEC 60071-2:1996 pour les facteurs de correction de l’altitude supérieure à 1 000 m.
5.2.2: Plage I, ajout de la tension assignée de 40,5 kV au Tableau 1 Série I; mise à jour du Tableau 2 et du Tableau 4 sur recommandation du comité national US.
6.8: Ajout d’un nouveau paragraphe pour les organes de commande à manœuvre manuelle conformes aux recommandations relatives à l’Interface Homme-Machine de l’IEC 60447.
7.2.6.1: Insertion du libellé concernant les impulsions préliminaires dans les ampoules à vide ouvertes selon le résultat de l’IEC 17/1026/RQ.
7.3: Modification de l’exigence relative à la tension de perturbation radioélectrique à une tension assignée supérieure ou égale à 245 kV, au lieu d’une tension assignée supérieure ou égale à 123 kV. Cette modification est basée sur des essais et retours d’expérience positifs rapportés par les représentants des utilités membres de l’équipe de maintenance de la présente norme.
7.5.6, Tableau 14:
a. Introduction de la distinction des parties dans les "OG" (gaz oxydants) et dans les "NOG" (gaz non oxydants) qui remplacent ici les termes "air" et "SF6" de l’édition précédente.
b. Augmentation de l’échauffement admissible pour certaines parties des groupes 1 et 2 du Tableau 14 selon l’IEC TR 60943;
c. Extension de la définition de l’échauffement admissible pour des catégories de surfaces accessibles en référence au Guide IEC 117. Voir également le point 15 de 7.5.6.2.
7.5.6.2: Modification du Point 5 pour clarifier l’introduction des gaz ‘’OG’’ et ‘’NOG’’.
7.10: Suppression de certains essais du fait de la modification ou suppression des normes d’essais correspondantes de la série IEC 60068.
7.11.3: Modification des critères d’acceptation des essais de rayonnements X pour prendre en compte les ampoules à vide de tension assignée supérieure.
Ancienne Annexe H informative: Le contenu concernant la corrosion est supprimé car il fait partie de l’IEC TR 62271-306.
Nouvelle Annexe J (informative): Ajout de lignes directrices informatives relatives à l’extension de la validité des essais de type.
Nouvelle Annexe K (informative): Ajout de lignes directrices informatives relatives à l’exposition à la pollution.
Le contenu de la feuille d’interprétation 1 de mai 2021 a été pris en considération dans cet exemplaire.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
IEC 62271-1 ®
Edition 2.1 2021-10
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and
controlgear
Appareillage à haute tension –
Partie 1: Spécifications communes pour appareillage à courant alternatif
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IEC 62271-1 ®
Edition 2.1 2021-10
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and
controlgear
Appareillage à haute tension –
Partie 1: Spécifications communes pour appareillage à courant alternatif
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.130.10; 29.130.99 ISBN 978-2-8322-5245-1
IEC 62271-1 ®
Edition 2.1 2021-10
CONSOLIDATED VERSION
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and
controlgear
Appareillage à haute tension –
Partie 1: Spécifications communes pour appareillage à courant alternatif
© IEC 2021
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
IEC 62271-1
Edition 2.0 2017-07
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –
Part 1: Common specifications for alternating
current switchgear and controlgear
INTERPRETATION SHEET 1
This interpretation sheet has been prepared by IEC technical committee 17: High-voltage
switchgear and controlgear.
The text of this interpretation sheet is based on the following documents:
DISH Report on voting
17/1090/DISH 17/1095/RVDISH
Full information on the voting for the approval of this interpretation sheet can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
___________
Interpretation of 4.2.2 of IEC 62271-1:2017 regarding the altitude correction factor
Subclause 4.2.2 of IEC 62271-1:2017 contains two references for calculation of the required
insulation withstand level at altitudes higher than 1 000 m, IEC 60071-2:1996 and
IEC TR 62271-306. The two references are in conflict, as the altitude correction factor
according to IEC 60071-2:1996 starts at sea level and that of IEC TR 62271-306 starts at an
altitude of 1 000 m. This results in different altitude correction factors.
As already stated in 5.3 of IEC 62271-1:2017, the rated insulation levels refer to normal
service conditions. Altitudes up to 1 000 m above sea level are covered and need no altitude
correction.
For altitudes higher than 1 000 m the equation provided in 4.5.1.1 b) of
IEC TR 62271-306:2012 and in H.3.4 of IEC 60071-2:2018 shall be used, i.e.
H−1 000
m( )
8 150
k =e
alt
ICS 29.130.10; 29.130.99
– 2 – IEC 62271-1:2017/ISH1:2021
© IEC 2021
where
is the altitude correction factor;
k
alt
H is the altitude in m above sea level;
m is an exponent.
Conservative values for the exponent m are provided in Table 4 of IEC TR 62271-306:2012.
For further details about the exponent m, see H.4 of IEC 60071-2:2018.
– 2 – IEC 62271-1:2017+AMD1:2021 CSV
IEC 2021
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 8
INTRODUCTION . 11
1 Scope . 12
2 Normative references. 12
3 Terms and definitions . 14
3.1 General terms and definitions . 15
3.2 Assemblies of switchgear and controlgear . 18
3.3 Parts of assemblies . 18
3.4 Switching devices . 18
3.5 Parts of switchgear and controlgear . 18
3.6 Operational characteristics of switchgear and controlgear . 22
3.6.5 Terms and definitions relative to pressure (or density) . 23
3.6.6 Terms and definitions relating to gas and vacuum tightness . 23
3.6.7 Terms and definitions relating to liquid tightness . 25
3.7 Characteristic quantities . 25
3.8 Index of definitions . 26
4 Normal and special service conditions . 28
4.1 Normal service conditions . 28
4.1.1 General . 28
4.1.2 Indoor switchgear and controlgear . 28
4.1.3 Outdoor switchgear and controlgear . 29
4.2 Special service conditions . 29
4.2.1 General . 29
4.2.2 Altitude . 29
4.2.3 Exposure to pollution . 30
4.2.4 Temperature and humidity . 30
4.2.5 Exposure to abnormal vibrations, shock or tilting . 30
4.2.6 Wind speed . 31
4.2.7 Other parameters . 31
5 Ratings . 31
5.1 General . 31
5.2 Rated voltage (U ) . 31
r
5.2.1 General . 31
5.2.2 Range I for rated voltages of 245 kV and below . 31
5.2.3 Range II for rated voltages above 245 kV . 32
5.3 Rated insulation level (U , U , U ) . 32
d p s
5.4 Rated frequency (f ) . 36
r
5.5 Rated continuous current (I ) . 36
r
5.6 Rated short-time withstand current (I ) . 36
k
5.7 Rated peak withstand current (I ) . 37
p
5.8 Rated duration of short-circuit (t ) . 37
k
5.9 Rated supply voltage of auxiliary and control circuits (U ) . 37
a
5.9.1 General . 37
5.9.2 Rated supply voltage (U ) . 37
a
5.10 Rated supply frequency of auxiliary and control circuits . 38
5.11 Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems . 38
IEC 2021
6 Design and construction . 39
6.1 Requirements for liquids in switchgear and controlgear . 39
6.2 Requirements for gases in switchgear and controlgear . 39
6.3 Earthing of switchgear and controlgear . 39
6.4 Auxiliary and control equipment and circuits . 39
6.4.1 General . 39
6.4.2 Protection against electric shock . 40
6.4.3 Components installed in enclosures . 41
6.5 Dependent power operation . 44
6.6 Stored energy operation . 44
6.6.1 General . 44
6.6.2 Energy storage in gas receivers or hydraulic accumulators . 44
6.6.3 Energy storage in springs (or weights) . 44
6.6.4 Manual charging . 44
6.6.5 Motor charging . 45
6.6.6 Energy storage in capacitors . 45
6.7 Independent unlatched operation (independent manual or power operation) . 45
6.8 Manually operated actuators . 45
6.9 Operation of releases . 46
6.9.1 General . 46
6.9.2 Shunt closing release . 46
6.9.3 Shunt opening release . 46
6.9.4 Capacitor operation of shunt releases . 46
6.9.5 Under-voltage release . 46
6.10 Pressure/level indication . 46
6.10.1 Gas pressure . 46
6.10.2 Liquid level . 47
6.11 Nameplates . 47
6.11.1 General . 47
6.11.2 Application . 47
6.12 Locking devices . 48
6.13 Position indication . 49
6.14 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures . 49
6.14.1 General . 49
6.14.2 Protection of persons against access to hazardous parts and protection
of the equipment against ingress of solid foreign objects (IP coding) . 49
6.14.3 Protection against ingress of water (IP coding) . 49
6.14.4 Protection against mechanical impact under normal service conditions
(IK coding) . 49
6.15 Creepage distances for outdoor insulators . 49
6.16 Gas and vacuum tightness . 50
6.16.1 General . 50
6.16.2 Controlled pressure systems for gas . 50
6.16.3 Closed pressure systems for gas . 50
6.16.4 Sealed pressure systems . 50
6.17 Tightness for liquid systems . 51
6.17.1 General . 51
6.17.2 Leakage rates . 51
6.18 Fire hazard (flammability) . 51
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IEC 2021
6.19 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 51
6.20 X-ray emission . 51
6.21 Corrosion . 51
6.22 Filling levels for insulation, switching and/or operation . 52
7 Type tests . 52
7.1 General . 52
7.1.1 Basics . 52
7.1.2 Information for identification of test objects . 52
7.1.3 Information to be included in type-test reports . 52
7.2 Dielectric tests . 53
7.2.1 General . 53
7.2.2 Ambient air conditions during tests . 53
7.2.3 Wet test procedure . 54
7.2.4 Arrangement of the equipment . 54
7.2.5 Criteria to pass the test . 54
7.2.6 Application of the test voltage and test conditions . 55
7.2.7 Tests of switchgear and controlgear of U ≤ 245 kV . 59
r
7.2.8 Tests of switchgear and controlgear of U > 245 kV . 59
r
7.2.9 Artificial pollution tests for outdoor insulators . 60
7.2.10 Partial discharge tests . 60
7.2.11 Dielectric tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 60
7.2.12 Voltage test as condition check . 60
7.3 Radio interference voltage (RIV) test . 61
7.4 Resistance measurement . 61
7.4.1 Measurement of the resistance of auxiliary contacts class 1 and class 2 . 61
7.4.2 Measurement of the resistance of auxiliary contacts class 3 . 61
7.4.3 Electrical continuity of earthed metallic parts test . 61
7.4.4 Resistance measurement of contacts and connections in the main
circuit as a condition check . 61
7.5 Continuous current tests. 62
7.5.1 Condition of the test object . 62
7.5.2 Arrangement of the equipment . 62
7.5.3 Test current and duration . 63
7.5.4 Temperature measurement during test . 64
7.5.5 Resistance of the main circuit . 65
7.5.6 Criteria to pass test . 65
7.6 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests . 69
7.6.1 General . 69
7.6.2 Arrangement of the equipment and of the test circuit . 69
7.6.3 Test current and duration . 70
7.6.4 Conditions of the test object after test . 71
7.7 Verification of the protection . 71
7.7.1 Verification of the IP coding . 71
7.7.2 Verification of the IK coding . 71
7.8 Tightness tests . 72
7.8.1 General . 72
7.8.2 Controlled pressure systems for gas . 73
7.8.3 Closed pressure systems for gas . 73
7.8.4 Sealed pressure systems . 74
IEC 2021
7.8.5 Liquid tightness tests . 74
7.9 Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC) . 74
7.9.1 Emission tests . 74
7.9.2 Immunity tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 77
7.9.3 Additional EMC tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 79
7.10 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 80
7.10.1 General . 80
7.10.2 Functional tests . 80
7.10.3 Verification of the operational characteristics of auxiliary contacts . 80
7.10.4 Environmental tests . 81
7.10.5 Dielectric test . 82
7.11 X-radiation test for vacuum interrupters . 82
7.11.1 General requirements . 82
7.11.2 Test voltage and measurement procedure . 84
7.11.3 Acceptance criteria . 84
8 Routine tests . 85
8.1 General . 85
8.2 Dielectric test on the main circuit . 85
8.3 Tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 86
8.3.1 Inspection of auxiliary and control circuits, and verification of conformity
to the circuit diagrams and wiring diagrams . 86
8.3.2 Functional tests . 86
8.3.3 Verification of protection against electrical shock . 86
8.3.4 Dielectric tests . 86
8.4 Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit . 86
8.5 Tightness test . 87
8.5.1 General . 87
8.5.2 Controlled pressure systems for gas . 87
8.5.3 Closed pressure systems for gas . 87
8.5.4 Sealed pressure systems . 87
8.5.5 Liquid tightness tests . 87
8.6 Design and visual checks . 87
9 Guide to the selection of switchgear and controlgear (informative) . 88
9.1 General . 88
9.2 Selection of rated values . 88
9.3 Cable-interface considerations . 88
9.4 Continuous or temporary overload due to changed service conditions . 88
9.5 Environmental aspects . 88
9.5.1 Service conditions . 88
9.5.2 Clearances affected by service conditions . 88
9.5.3 High humidity . 88
9.5.4 Solar radiation . 89
10 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders (informative) . 89
10.1 General . 89
10.2 Information with enquiries and orders . 89
10.3 Information with tenders . 90
11 Transport, storage, installation, operating instructions and maintenance . 91
11.1 General . 91
11.2 Conditions during transport, storage and installation . 91
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IEC 2021
11.3 Installation . 91
11.3.1 General . 91
11.3.2 Unpacking and lifting . 91
11.3.3 Assembly . 92
11.3.4 Mounting . 92
11.3.5 Connections . 92
11.3.6 Information about gas and gas mixtures for controlled and closed
pressure systems . 92
11.3.7 Final installation inspection . 93
11.3.8 Basic input data by the user . 93
11.3.9 Basic input data by the manufacturer . 93
11.4 Operating instructions . 94
11.5 Maintenance . 94
11.5.1 General . 94
11.5.2 Information about fluids and gas to be included in maintenance manual . 94
11.5.3 Recommendations for the manufacturer . 94
11.5.4 Recommendations for the user . 95
11.5.5 Failure report . 96
12 Safety . 97
12.1 General . 97
12.2 Precautions by manufacturers . 98
12.3 Precautions by users . 98
13 Influence of the product on the environment . 98
Annex A (normative) Identification of test objects . 100
A.1 General . 100
A.2 Data . 100
A.3 Drawings. 100
Annex B (informative) Determination of the equivalent RMS value of a short-time
current during a short-circuit of a given duration . 102
Annex C (normative) Method for the weatherproofing test for outdoor switchgear and
controlgear . 103
Annex D (informative) References for auxiliary and control circuit components . 106
Annex E (normative) Tolerances on test quantities during tests . 108
Annex F (informative) Information and technical requirements to be given with
enquiries, tenders and orders . 111
F.1 General . 111
F.2 Normal and special service conditions (refer to Clause 4) . 111
F.3 Ratings (refer to Clause 5) . 112
F.4 Design and construction (refer to Clause 6) . 112
F.5 System information . 113
F.6 Documentation for enquiries and tenders . 113
Annex G (informative) List of symbols . 114
Annex H (informative) Electromagnetic compatibility on site . 115
Annex I (informative) List of notes concerning certain countries . 116
Annex J (informative) Extension of validity of type tests . 117
J.1 General . 117
J.2 Dielectric tests . 117
J.3 Short-time withstand current tests. 117
IEC 2021
J.4 Continuous current test . 117
J.5 Electromagnetic immunity test on auxiliary and control circuits . 118
J.6 Environmental tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 118
Annex K (informative) Exposure to pollution . 119
K.1 General . 119
K.2 Pollution levels . 119
K.3 Minimum requirements for switchgear . 119
Bibliography . 121
Figure 1 – Examples of classes of contacts . 43
Figure 2 – Diagram of connections of a three-pole switching device . 56
Figure 3 – Diagram of a test circuit for the radio interference voltage test . 75
Figure 4 – Test location of radiation survey instrument . 84
Figure B.1 – Determination of short-time current . 102
Figure C.1 – Arrangement for weatherproofing test . 104
Figure C.2 – Nozzle for weatherproofing test . 105
Table 1 – Rated insulation levels for rated voltages of range I, series I . 33
Table 2 – Rated insulation levels for rated voltages of range I, series II (based on
current practice in some countries, including US) . 34
Table 3 – Rated insulation levels for rated voltages of range II . 35
Table 4 – Additional rated insulation levels for range II, based on current practice in
some countries, including US . 36
Table 5 – Peak factors for rated peak withstand current . 37
Table 6 – Direct current voltage . 38
Table 7 – Alternating current voltage . 38
Table 8 – Auxiliary contact classes . 43
Table 9 – Nameplate information . 48
Table 10 – Test conditions in general case . 56
Table 11 – Power-frequency test conditions . 57
Table 12 – Impulse test conditions . 58
Table 13 – Test conditions for the alternative method . 58
Table 14 – Limits of temperature and temperature rise for various parts, materials and
dielectrics of high-voltage switchgear and controlgear . 66
Table 15 – Permissible leakage rates for gas systems . 73
Table 16 – Application of voltages at the fast transient/burst test . 78
Table 17 – Application of voltage at the damped oscillatory wave test . 78
Table 18 – Assessment criteria for transient disturbance immunity . 79
Table D.1 – List of reference documents for auxiliary and control circuit components . 106
Table E.1 – Tolerances on test quantities for type test . 109
Table K.1 – Environmental examples by site pollution severity (SPS) class . 120
Table K.2 – Minimum nominal specific creepage distance by pollution level . 120
– 8 – IEC 62271-1:2017+AMD1:2021 CSV
IEC 2021
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –
Part 1: Common specifications for alternating
current switchgear and controlgear
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
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governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
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agreement between the two organizations.
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consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
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Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
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transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
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patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This consolidated version of the official IEC Standard and its amendment has b
...
IEC 62271-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2017-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and
controlgear
Appareillage à haute tension –
Partie 1: Spécifications communes pour appareillage à courant alternatif
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IEC 62271-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2017-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: Common specifications for alternating current switchgear and
controlgear
Appareillage à haute tension –
Partie 1: Spécifications communes pour appareillage à courant alternatif
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.130.10; 29.130.99 ISBN 978-2-8322-4353-4
– 2 – IEC 62271-1:2017 IEC 2017
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 8
INTRODUCTION . 11
1 Scope . 12
2 Normative references . 12
3 Terms and definitions . 14
3.1 General terms and definitions . 15
3.2 Assemblies of switchgear and controlgear . 18
3.3 Parts of assemblies . 18
3.4 Switching devices . 18
3.5 Parts of switchgear and controlgear . 18
3.6 Operational characteristics of switchgear and controlgear . 22
3.6.5 Terms and definitions relative to pressure (or density) . 23
3.6.6 Terms and definitions relating to gas and vacuum tightness . 23
3.6.7 Terms and definitions relating to liquid tightness. 25
3.7 Characteristic quantities . 25
3.8 Index of definitions . 26
4 Normal and special service conditions . 28
4.1 Normal service conditions . 28
4.1.1 General . 28
4.1.2 Indoor switchgear and controlgear . 28
4.1.3 Outdoor switchgear and controlgear . 29
4.2 Special service conditions . 29
4.2.1 General . 29
4.2.2 Altitude . 29
4.2.3 Exposure to pollution . 30
4.2.4 Temperature and humidity . 30
4.2.5 Exposure to abnormal vibrations, shock or tilting . 30
4.2.6 Wind speed . 31
4.2.7 Other parameters . 31
5 Ratings . 31
5.1 General . 31
5.2 Rated voltage (U ) . 31
r
5.2.1 General . 31
5.2.2 Range I for rated voltages of 245 kV and below . 31
5.2.3 Range II for rated voltages above 245 kV . 32
5.3 Rated insulation level (U , U , U ) . 32
d p s
5.4 Rated frequency (f ) . 36
r
5.5 Rated continuous current (I ) . 36
r
5.6 Rated short-time withstand current (I ) . 36
k
5.7 Rated peak withstand current (I ) . 37
p
5.8 Rated duration of short-circuit (t ) . 37
k
5.9 Rated supply voltage of auxiliary and control circuits (U ) . 37
a
5.9.1 General . 37
5.9.2 Rated supply voltage (U ) . 37
a
5.10 Rated supply frequency of auxiliary and control circuits . 38
5.11 Rated pressure of compressed gas supply for controlled pressure systems . 38
6 Design and construction . 39
6.1 Requirements for liquids in switchgear and controlgear . 39
6.2 Requirements for gases in switchgear and controlgear . 39
6.3 Earthing of switchgear and controlgear . 39
6.4 Auxiliary and control equipment and circuits . 39
6.4.1 General . 39
6.4.2 Protection against electric shock . 40
6.4.3 Components installed in enclosures . 40
6.5 Dependent power operation . 43
6.6 Stored energy operation . 43
6.6.1 General . 43
6.6.2 Energy storage in gas receivers or hydraulic accumulators . 44
6.6.3 Energy storage in springs (or weights) . 44
6.6.4 Manual charging . 44
6.6.5 Motor charging . 44
6.6.6 Energy storage in capacitors . 44
6.7 Independent unlatched operation (independent manual or power operation) . 44
6.8 Manually operated actuators . 45
6.9 Operation of releases . 45
6.9.1 General . 45
6.9.2 Shunt closing release . 45
6.9.3 Shunt opening release . 45
6.9.4 Capacitor operation of shunt releases . 45
6.9.5 Under-voltage release . 46
6.10 Pressure/level indication . 46
6.10.1 Gas pressure . 46
6.10.2 Liquid level . 46
6.11 Nameplates. 46
6.11.1 General . 46
6.11.2 Application . 46
6.12 Locking devices . 48
6.13 Position indication . 48
6.14 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures . 48
6.14.1 General . 48
6.14.2 Protection of persons against access to hazardous parts and protection
of the equipment against ingress of solid foreign objects (IP coding) . 48
6.14.3 Protection against ingress of water (IP coding) . 48
6.14.4 Protection against mechanical impact under normal service conditions
(IK coding) . 48
6.15 Creepage distances for outdoor insulators . 49
6.16 Gas and vacuum tightness . 49
6.16.1 General . 49
6.16.2 Controlled pressure systems for gas . 49
6.16.3 Closed pressure systems for gas . 49
6.16.4 Sealed pressure systems . 50
6.17 Tightness for liquid systems . 50
6.17.1 General . 50
6.17.2 Leakage rates . 50
6.18 Fire hazard (flammability) . 50
– 4 – IEC 62271-1:2017 IEC 2017
6.19 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 50
6.20 X-ray emission . 51
6.21 Corrosion . 51
6.22 Filling levels for insulation, switching and/or operation . 51
7 Type tests . 51
7.1 General . 51
7.1.1 Basics . 51
7.1.2 Information for identification of test objects . 51
7.1.3 Information to be included in type-test reports . 52
7.2 Dielectric tests . 52
7.2.1 General . 52
7.2.2 Ambient air conditions during tests . 52
7.2.3 Wet test procedure . 53
7.2.4 Arrangement of the equipment . 53
7.2.5 Criteria to pass the test . 54
7.2.6 Application of the test voltage and test conditions . 54
7.2.7 Tests of switchgear and controlgear of U ≤ 245 kV . 58
r
7.2.8 Tests of switchgear and controlgear of U > 245 kV . 58
r
7.2.9 Artificial pollution tests for outdoor insulators . 59
7.2.10 Partial discharge tests . 59
7.2.11 Dielectric tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 59
7.2.12 Voltage test as condition check . 59
7.3 Radio interference voltage (RIV) test . 60
7.4 Resistance measurement . 60
7.4.1 Measurement of the resistance of auxiliary contacts class 1 and class 2. 60
7.4.2 Measurement of the resistance of auxiliary contacts class 3 . 60
7.4.3 Electrical continuity of earthed metallic parts test . 60
7.4.4 Resistance measurement of contacts and connections in the main
circuit as a condition check . 60
7.5 Continuous current tests . 61
7.5.1 Condition of the test object . 61
7.5.2 Arrangement of the equipment . 61
7.5.3 Test current and duration . 62
7.5.4 Temperature measurement during test . 63
7.5.5 Resistance of the main circuit . 64
7.5.6 Criteria to pass test . 64
7.6 Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current tests . 68
7.6.1 General . 68
7.6.2 Arrangement of the equipment and of the test circuit . 68
7.6.3 Test current and duration . 69
7.6.4 Conditions of the test object after test . 70
7.7 Verification of the protection . 70
7.7.1 Verification of the IP coding . 70
7.7.2 Verification of the IK coding . 70
7.8 Tightness tests . 71
7.8.1 General . 71
7.8.2 Controlled pressure systems for gas . 72
7.8.3 Closed pressure systems for gas . 72
7.8.4 Sealed pressure systems . 73
7.8.5 Liquid tightness tests . 73
7.9 Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC) . 73
7.9.1 Emission tests . 73
7.9.2 Immunity tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 76
7.9.3 Additional EMC tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 78
7.10 Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 79
7.10.1 General . 79
7.10.2 Functional tests . 79
7.10.3 Verification of the operational characteristics of auxiliary contacts . 79
7.10.4 Environmental tests . 80
7.10.5 Dielectric test . 81
7.11 X-radiation test for vacuum interrupters . 81
7.11.1 General requirements . 81
7.11.2 Test voltage and measurement procedure . 83
7.11.3 Acceptance criteria . 83
8 Routine tests . 84
8.1 General . 84
8.2 Dielectric test on the main circuit . 84
8.3 Tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 85
8.3.1 Inspection of auxiliary and control circuits, and verification of conformity
to the circuit diagrams and wiring diagrams . 85
8.3.2 Functional tests . 85
8.3.3 Verification of protection against electrical shock . 85
8.3.4 Dielectric tests . 85
8.4 Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit . 85
8.5 Tightness test . 86
8.5.1 General . 86
8.5.2 Controlled pressure systems for gas . 86
8.5.3 Closed pressure systems for gas . 86
8.5.4 Sealed pressure systems . 86
8.5.5 Liquid tightness tests . 86
8.6 Design and visual checks . 86
9 Guide to the selection of switchgear and controlgear (informative) . 87
9.1 General . 87
9.2 Selection of rated values . 87
9.3 Cable-interface considerations . 87
9.4 Continuous or temporary overload due to changed service conditions . 87
9.5 Environmental aspects . 87
9.5.1 Service conditions . 87
9.5.2 Clearances affected by service conditions . 87
9.5.3 High humidity . 87
9.5.4 Solar radiation . 88
10 Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders (informative) . 88
10.1 General . 88
10.2 Information with enquiries and orders . 88
10.3 Information with tenders . 89
11 Transport, storage, installation, operating instructions and maintenance. 90
11.1 General . 90
11.2 Conditions during transport, storage and installation . 90
– 6 – IEC 62271-1:2017 IEC 2017
11.3 Installation . 90
11.3.1 General . 90
11.3.2 Unpacking and lifting . 90
11.3.3 Assembly . 91
11.3.4 Mounting . 91
11.3.5 Connections . 91
11.3.6 Information about gas and gas mixtures for controlled and closed
pressure systems . 91
11.3.7 Final installation inspection . 92
11.3.8 Basic input data by the user . 92
11.3.9 Basic input data by the manufacturer . 92
11.4 Operating instructions . 93
11.5 Maintenance . 93
11.5.1 General . 93
11.5.2 Information about fluids and gas to be included in maintenance manual . 93
11.5.3 Recommendations for the manufacturer . 93
11.5.4 Recommendations for the user . 94
11.5.5 Failure report . 95
12 Safety . 96
12.1 General . 96
12.2 Precautions by manufacturers . 97
12.3 Precautions by users . 97
13 Influence of the product on the environment . 97
Annex A (normative) Identification of test objects . 99
A.1 General . 99
A.2 Data . 99
A.3 Drawings. 99
Annex B (informative) Determination of the equivalent RMS value of a short-time
current during a short-circuit of a given duration . 101
Annex C (normative) Method for the weatherproofing test for outdoor switchgear and
controlgear . 102
Annex D (informative) References for auxiliary and control circuit components . 105
Annex E (normative) Tolerances on test quantities during tests . 107
Annex F (informative) Information and technical requirements to be given with
enquiries, tenders and orders . 110
F.1 General . 110
F.2 Normal and special service conditions (refer to Clause 4) . 110
F.3 Ratings (refer to Clause 5) . 111
F.4 Design and construction (refer to Clause 6) . 111
F.5 System information . 112
F.6 Documentation for enquiries and tenders . 112
Annex G (informative) List of symbols . 113
Annex H (informative) Electromagnetic compatibility on site . 114
Annex I (informative) List of notes concerning certain countries . 115
Annex J (informative) Extension of validity of type tests . 116
J.1 General . 116
J.2 Dielectric tests . 116
J.3 Short-time withstand current tests . 116
J.4 Continuous current test . 116
J.5 Electromagnetic immunity test on auxiliary and control circuits . 117
J.6 Environmental tests on auxiliary and control circuits . 117
Annex K (informative) Exposure to pollution . 118
K.1 General . 118
K.2 Pollution levels . 118
K.3 Minimum requirements for switchgear . 118
Bibliography . 120
Figure 1 – Examples of classes of contacts. 43
Figure 2 – Diagram of connections of a three-pole switching device . 55
Figure 3 – Diagram of a test circuit for the radio interference voltage test . 74
Figure 4 – Test location of radiation survey instrument . 83
Figure B.1 – Determination of short-time current . 101
Figure C.1 – Arrangement for weatherproofing test . 103
Figure C.2 – Nozzle for weatherproofing test . 104
Table 1 – Rated insulation levels for rated voltages of range I, series I . 33
Table 2 – Rated insulation levels for rated voltages of range I, series II (based on
current practice in some countries, including US) . 34
Table 3 – Rated insulation levels for rated voltages of range II . 35
Table 4 – Additional rated insulation levels for range II, based on current practice in
some countries, including US . 36
Table 5 – Peak factors for rated peak withstand current . 37
Table 6 – Direct current voltage . 38
Table 7 – Alternating current voltage . 38
Table 8 – Auxiliary contact classes . 42
Table 9 – Nameplate information . 47
Table 10 – Test conditions in general case . 55
Table 11 – Power-frequency test conditions . 56
Table 12 – Impulse test conditions . 57
Table 13 – Test conditions for the alternative method . 57
Table 14 – Limits of temperature and temperature rise for various parts, materials and
dielectrics of high-voltage switchgear and controlgear . 65
Table 15 – Permissible leakage rates for gas systems . 72
Table 16 – Application of voltages at the fast transient/burst test . 77
Table 17 – Application of voltage at the damped oscillatory wave test. 77
Table 18 – Assessment criteria for transient disturbance immunity. 78
Table D.1 – List of reference documents for auxiliary and control circuit components . 105
Table E.1 – Tolerances on test quantities for type test . 108
Table K.1 – Environmental examples by site pollution severity (SPS) class. 119
Table K.2 – Minimum nominal specific creepage distance by pollution level . 119
– 8 – IEC 62271-1:2017 IEC 2017
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR AND CONTROLGEAR –
Part 1: Common specifications for alternating
current switchgear and controlgear
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62271-1 has been prepared by technical committee 17: High-
voltage switchgear and controlgear.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2007 and Amendment
1:2011. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
New numbering in accordance with ISO/IEC directives, Part 2 (2016) and IEEE
Std. C37.100.1.
4.1.2 a) The normal service condition for indoor switchgear is limited to one range of 40 °C
to –5 °C.
4.1.3 a) The normal service condition for outdoor switchgear is limited to one range of 40 °C
to –25 °C.
4.2.2: The specifications from IEC 60071-2:1996 are adopted for altitude correction factors
above 1 000 m.
5.2.2: Range I, the rated voltage of 40,5 kV is added Series I Table 1; Table 2 and Table 4
are updated on recommendation of the US National Committee.
6.8: New subclause added for manual operated actuators consistent with “Man Machine
Interface” recommendations of IEC 60447 [1] .
7.2.6.1:Insert the wording regarding preliminary impulses across open vacuum interrupters
according to the result of IEC 17/1026/RQ.
7.3: Changed the requirement for radio interference voltage to a rated voltage level of
245 kV and above, instead of 123 kV and above. This change is based on reported
positive test and service experience of utility representatives in the maintenance
team of this standard.
7.5.6, Table 14:
a) Introduced the distinction of parts in “OG” (ox
...
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