IEC 60034-12:2002

IEC 60034-12
Edition 2.1 2007-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Rotating electrical machines –
Part 12: Starting performance of single-speed three-phase cage induction
motors
Machines électriques tournantes –
Partie 12: Caractéristiques de démarrage des moteurs triphasés à induction
à cage à une seule vitesse
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IEC 60034-12
Edition 2.1 2007-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Rotating electrical machines –
Part 12: Starting performance of single-speed three-phase cage induction
motors
Machines électriques tournantes –
Partie 12: Caractéristiques de démarrage des moteurs triphasés à induction
à cage à une seule vitesse
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CC
CODE PRIX
ICS 29.160.30 ISBN 2-8318-9235-X

– 2 – 60034-12 © IEC:2002+A1:2007
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.3
1 Scope.5
2 Normative references.5
3 Definitions.6
4 Symbols.6
5 Designation.7
5.1 General.7
5.2 Design N.7
5.3 Design NY.7
5.4 Design H.7
5.5 Design HY.7
6 Design N requirements .7
6.1 Torque characteristics.7
6.2 Locked rotor apparent power .7
6.3 Starting requirements .8
7 Design NY starting requirements .8
8 Design H requirements .8
8.1 Starting torque.8
8.2 Locked rotor apparent power .8
8.3 Starting requirements .8
9 Design HY requirements starting requirements.9

Table 1 – Minimum values of torques for design N .9
Table 2 – Maximum values of locked rotor apparent power for designs N and H .9
Table 3 – External inertia (J) .10
Table 4 – Minimum values of torques for design H .11
Table 5 – Minimum values of torques for design N-e motors
with type of protection 'e – increased safety' .11
Table 6 – Maximum values of locked rotor apparent power
for motors with type of protection 'e'.12
Table 7 – External inertia (J) for motors with type of protection 'e'.12

60034-12 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES –

Part 12: Starting performance of single-speed
three-phase cage induction motors

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
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patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60034-12 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 2:
Rotating machinery.
This consolidated version of IEC 60034-12 consists of the second edition (2002) [documents
2/1187/FDIS and 2/1199/RVD] and its amendment 1 (2007) [documents 2/1433/FDIS and
2/1446/RVD].
The technical content is therefore identical to the base edition and its amendment(s) and has
been prepared for user convenience.
It bears the edition number 2.1.
A vertical line in the margin shows where the base publication has been modified by
amendment 1.
– 4 – 60034-12 © IEC:2002+A1:2007
The committee has decided that the contents of the base publication and its amendments will
remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under
"http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date,
the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
60034-12 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 5 –
ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES –

Part 12: Starting performance of single-speed
three-phase cage induction motors

1 Scope
This International standard specifies the parameters for four designs of starting performance
of single-speed three-phase 50 Hz or 60 Hz cage induction motors in accordance with
IEC 60034-1 that:
• have a rated voltage up to 1 000 V;
• are intended for direct-on-line or star-delta starting;
• are rated on the basis of duty type S1;
• are constructed to any degree of protection.
The standard also applies to dual voltage motors provided that the flux saturation level is the
same for both voltages and to motors having type of protection 'e – increased safety' with
temperature classes T1 to T3 complying with IEC 60079-0 and IEC 60079-7.
NOTE 1 It is not expected that all manufacturers will produce machines for all four designs. The selection of any
specific design in accordance with this standard will be a matter of agreement between the manufacturer and the
purchaser.
NOTE 2 Designs other than the four specified may be necessary for particular applications.
NOTE 3 The values of torque and apparent power given in this standard are limiting values (that is, minimum or
maximum without tolerance), but it should be noted that values given in manufacturers' catalogues may include
tolerances in accordance with IEC 60034-1.
NOTE 4 The values tabled for locked rotor apparent power are based on r.m.s. symmetrical steady state locked
rotor currents; at motor switch on there will be a one-half cycle asymmetrical instantaneous peak current which
may range from 1,8 to 2,8 times the steady state value. The current peak and decay time are a function of the
motor design and switching angle.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document.
For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60034-1, Rotating electrical machines – Part 1: Rating and performance
IEC 60079-0, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 0: General requirements
IEC 60079-7, Electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres – Part 7: Increased safety 'e'

– 6 – 60034-12 © IEC:2002+A1:2007
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this part of IEC 60034, the following definitions apply.
3.1
rated torque (T )
N
the torque the motor develops at its shaft end at rated output and speed
[IEV 411-48-05]
3.2
locked-rotor torque (T )
l
the smallest measured torque the motor develops at its shaft end with the rotor locked, over
all its angular positions, at rated voltage and frequency
[IEV 411-48-06]
3.3
pull-up torque (T )
u
the smallest steady-state asynchronous torque which the motor develops between zero speed
and the speed which corresponds to the breakdown torque, when the motor is supplied at the
rated voltage and frequency.
This definition does not apply to those motors of which the torque continually decreases with
increase in speed.
NOTE In addition to the steady-state asynchronous torques, harmonic synchronous torques, which are a function
of rotor load angle, will be present at specific speeds. At such speeds, the accelerating torque may be negative for
some rotor load angles. Experience and calculation show this to be an unstable operating condition and therefore
harmonic synchronous torques do not prevent motor acceleration and are excluded from this definition.
3.4
breakdown torque (T )
b
the maximum steady-state asynchronous torque which the motor develops without an abrupt
drop in speed, when the motor is supplied at the rated voltage and frequency.
This definition does not apply to those motors of which the torque continually decreases with
increase in speed.
3.5
rated output (P )
N
the value of the output included in the rating
3.6
locked rotor apparent power (S )
l
the apparent power input with the motor held at rest at rated voltage and frequency

4 Symbols
Symbol Quantity
J External inertia
p Number of pole pairs
P Rated output
N
S Locked rotor apparent power
l
T Rated torque
N
T Locked rotor torque
l
T Pull-up torque
u
T Breakdown torque
b
60034-12 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 7 –
5 Designation
5.1 General
Motors designed according to this standard are classified according to subclauses 5.2 to 5.5.
5.2 Design N
Normal starting torque three-phase cage induction motors intended for direct-on-line starting,
having 2, 4, 6 or 8 poles and rated from 0,4 kW to 1 600 kW.
5.3 Design NY
Motors similar to design N, but intended for star-delta starting. For these motors in star-
connection, minimum values for T and T are 25 % of the values of design N, see table 1.
l u
5.4 Design H
High starting torque three-phase cage induction motors with 4, 6 or 8 poles, intended for
direct-online starting, and rated from 0,4 kW to 160 kW at a frequency of 60 Hz.
5.5 Design HY
Motors similar to design H but intended for star-delta starting. For these motors in star-
connection, minimum values for T and T are 25 % of the values of design H, see table 4.
l u
6 Design N requirements
6.1 Torque characteristics
The starting torque is represented by three characteristic features. These features shall be in
accordance with the appropriate values given in table 1 or table 5. The values in table 1 and
table 5 are minimum values at rated voltage. Higher values are allowed.
The motor torque at any speed between zero and that at which breakdown torque occurs shall
be not less than 1,3 times the torque obtained from a curve varying as the square of the
speed and being equal to rated torque at rated speed. However, for 2-pole motors with type of
protection 'e – increased safety' having a rated output greater than 100 kW, the motor torque
at any speed between zero and that at which breakdown torque occurs shall not be less than
1,3 times the torque obtained from a curve varying as the square of the speed and being
equal to 70 % rated torque at rated speed. For motors with type of protection 'e', the three
characteristic torques shall be in accordance with the appropriate values given in table 5.
NOTE The factor 1,3 has been chosen with regard to an undervoltage of 10 % in relation to the rated voltage at
the motor terminals during the acceleration period.
6.2 Locked rotor apparent power
The locked rotor apparent power shall be not greater than the appropriate value given in
table 2 or table 6. The values given in table 2 and table 6 are independent of the number of
poles and are maximum values at rated voltage. For motors with type of protection 'e', locked
rotor apparent power shall be in accordance with the appropriate values given in table 6.

– 8 – 60034-12 © IEC:2002+A1:2007
6.3 Starting requirements
Motors shall be capable of withstanding two starts in succession (coasting to rest between
starts) from cold conditions and one start from hot after running at rated conditions. The
retarding torque due to the driven load will be in each case proportional to the square of the
speed and equal to the rated torque at rated speed with the external inertia given in table 3 or
table 7.
In each case, a further start is permissible only if the motor temperature before starting does
not exceed the steady temperature at rated load. However, for 2-pole motors with type of
protection 'e – increased safety' having a rated output greater than 100 kW, the retarding
torque due to the driven load is proportional to the square of the speed and equal to 70 %
rated torque at rated speed, with the external inertia given in table 7. After this starting, load
with rated torque is possible.
NOTE It should be recognized that the number of starts should be minimized since these affect the life of the motor.
7 Design NY starting requirements
The starting requirements are as for design N. In addition, however, a reduced retarding
torque is necessary as the starting torque in ‘star connection’ may be insufficient to accelerate
some loads to an acceptable speed.
NOTE It should be recognized that the number of starts should be minimized since these affect the life of the motor.
8 Design H requirements
8.1 Starting torque
The starting torque is represented by three characteristic features. These featurest shall be in
accordance with the appropriate values given in table 4. These values are minimum values at
rated voltage. Higher values are allowed.
8.2 Locked rotor apparent power
The locked rotor apparent power shall be not greater than the appropriate value given in
table 2. The values in table 2 are independent of the number of poles and are maximum
values at rated voltage.
8.3 Starting requirements
Motors shall be capable of withstanding two starts in succession (coasting to rest between
starts) from cold conditions, and one start from hot after running at rated conditions. The
retarding torque due to the driven load is assumed to be constant and equal to rated torque,
independent of speed, with an external inertia of 50 % of the values given in table 3.
In each case, a further start is permissible only if the motor temperature before starting does
not exceed the steady temperature at rated load.
NOTE It should be recognized that the number of starts should be minimized since these affect the life of the motor.

60034-12 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 9 –
9 Design HY starting requirements
The starting requirements are as for design H. In addition, however, a reduced retarding
torque is necessary as the starting torque in ‘star connection’ may be insufficient to accelerate
some loads to an acceptable speed.
NOTE It should be recognized that the number of starts should be minimized since these affect the life of the motor.
Table 1 – Minimum values of torques for design N
Number of poles
Range of rated
2 4 6 8
output
kW T T T T T T T T T T T T
l u b l u b l u b l u b
1,9 1,3 2,0 2,0 1,4 2,0 1,7 1,2 1,7 1,5 1,1 1,6
0,4 ≤ P ≤ 0,63
N
0,63 < P ≤ 1,0 1,8 1,2 2,0 1,9 1,3 2,0 1,7 1,2 1,8 1,5 1,1 1,7
N
1,0 < P ≤ 1,6 1,8 1,2 2,0 1,9 1,3 2,0 1,6 1,1 1,9 1,4 1,0 1,8
N
1,7 1,1 2,0 1,8 1,2 2,0 1,6 1,1 1,9 1,4 1,0 1,8
1,6 < P ≤ 2,5
N
1,6 1,1 2,0 1,7 1,2 2,0 1,5 1,1 1,9 1,3 1,0 1,8
2,5 < P ≤ 4,0
N
4,0 < P ≤ 6,3 1,5 1,0 2,0 1,6 1,1 2,0 1,5 1,1 1,9 1,3 1,0 1,8
N
1,5 1,0 2,0 1,6 1,1 2,0 1,5 1,1 1,8 1,3 1,0 1,7
6,3 < P ≤ 10
N
1,4 1,0 2,0 1,5 1,1 2,0 1,4 1,0 1,8 1,2 0,9 1,7
10 < P ≤ 16
N
16 < P ≤ 25 1,3 0,9 1,9 1,4 1,0 1,9 1,4 1,0 1,8 1,2 0,9 1,7
N
25 < P ≤ 40 1,2 0,9 1,9 1,3 1,0 1,9 1,3 1,0 1,8 1,2 0,9 1,7
N
1,1 0,8 1,8 1,2 0,9 1,8 1,2 0,9 1,7 1,1 0,8 1,7
40 < P ≤ 63
N
63 < P ≤ 100 1,0 0,7 1,8 1,1 0,8 1,8 1,1 0,8 1,7 1,0 0,7 1,6
N
100 < P ≤ 160 0,9 0,7 1,7 1,0 0,8 1,7 1,0 0,8 1,7 0,9 0,7 1,6
N
0,8 0,6 1,7 0,9 0,7 1,7 0,9 0,7 1,6 0,9 0,7 1,6
160 < P ≤ 250
N
0,75 0,6 1,6 0,75 0,6 1,6 0,75 0,6 1,6 0,75 0,6 1,6
250 < P ≤ 400
N
400 < P ≤ 630 0,65 0,5 1,6 0,65 0,5 1,6 0,65 0,5 1,6 0,65 0,5 1,6
N
0,5 0,3 1,6 0,5 0,3 1,6 0,5 0,3 1,6 0,5 0,3 1,6
630 < P ≤ 1 600
N
NOTE  The values given are per unit T
N.
Table 2 – Maximum values of locked rotor apparent power
for designs N and H
Range of rated output
S /P
N
l
kW
P ≤ 0,4
N
0,4 < P ≤ 0,63 19
N
0,63 < P ≤ 1,0 17
N
1,0 < P ≤ 1,8 15
N
1,8 < P ≤ 4,0
N
4,0 < P ≤ 6,3 13
N
6,3 < P ≤ 25 12
N
25 < P ≤ 63
N
63 < P ≤ 630
N
630 < P ≤ 1 600 9
N
– 10 – 60034-12 © IEC:2002+A1:2007
Table 3 – External inertia (J)
Number of poles 2 4 6 8
Frequency   Hz 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60
Rated output Moment of inertia
kW kg m
0,4 0,018 0,014 0,099 0,074 0,273 0,205 0,561 0,421
0,63 0,026 0,020 0,149 0,112 0,411 0,308 0,845 0,634
1,0 0,040 0,030 0,226 0,170 0,624 0,468 1,28 0,960
1,6 0,061 0,046 0,345 0,259 0,952 0,714 1,95 1,46
2,5 0,091 0,068 0,516 0,387 1,42 1,07 2,92 2,19
4,0 0,139 0,104 0,788 0,591 2,17 1,63 4,46 3,34
6,3 0,210 0,158 1,19 0,889 3,27 2,45 6,71 5,03
10 0,318 0,239 1,80 1,35 4,95 3,71 10,2 7,63
16 0,485 0,364 2,74 2,06 7,56 5,67 15,5 11,6
25 0,725 0,544 4,10 3,07 11,3 8,47 23,2 17,4
40 1,11 0,830 6,26 4,69 17,2 12,9 35,4 26,6
63 1,67 1,25 9,42 7,06 26,0 19,5 53,3 40,0
100 2,52 1,89 14,3 10,7 39,3 29,5 80,8 60,6
160 3,85 2,89 21,8 16,3 60,1 45,1 123 92,5
250 5,76 4,32 32,6 24,4 89,7 67,3 184 138
400 8,79 6,59 49,7 37,3 137 103 281 211
630 13,2 9,90 74,8 56,1 206 155 423 317
1 600 30,6 23 173 130 477 358 979 734
NOTE 1 The values of inertia given are in terms of mr where m is the mass and r is the mean radius
of gyration.
NOTE 2 Moment of inertia is defined in ISO 31/3 1992, Number 3-7.
NOTE 3 For intermediate and higher values, external inertia shall be calculated according to the
following formula from which the values in the table have been calculated:
0,9 2,5
– for 50 Hz motors J = 0,04P p
0,9 2,5
– for 60 Hz motors J = 0,03P p
where: J is the external inertia in kg m ;
P is the output in kW;
p is the number of pairs of poles.

60034-12 © IEC:2002+A1:2007 – 11 –
Table 4 – Minimum values of torques for design H
Number of poles
Range of
rated output 4 6 8
kW
T T T T T T T T T
l u b l u b l u b
0,4 ≤ P ≤ 0,63 3,0 2,1 2,1 2,55 1,8 1,9 2,25 1,65 1,9
N
2,85 1,95 2,0 2,55 1,8 1,9 2,25 1,65 1,9
0,63 < P ≤ 1,0
N
1,0 < P ≤ 1,6 2,85 1,95 2,0 2,4 1,65 1,9 2,1 1,5 1,9
N
1,6 < P ≤ 2,5 2,7 1,8 2,0 2,4 1,65 1,9 2,1 1,5 1,9
N
2,55 1,8 2,0 2,25 1,65 1,9 2,0 1,5 1,9
2,5 < P ≤ 4,0
N
2,4 1,65 2,0 2,25 1,65 1,9 2,0 1,5 1,9
4,0 < P ≤ 6,3
N
6,3 < P ≤ 10 2,4 1,65 2,0 2,25 1,65 1,9 2,0 1,5 1,9
N
2,25 1,65 2,0 2,1 1,5 1,9 2,0 1,4 1,9
10 < P ≤ 16
N
2,1 1,5 1,9 2,1 1,5 1,9 2,0 1,4 1,9
16 < P ≤ 25
N
25 < P ≤ 40 2,0 1,5 1,9 2,0 1,5 1,9 2,0 1,4 1,9
N
40 < P ≤ 160 2,0 1,4 1,9 2,0 1,4 1,9 2,0 1,4 1,9
N
NOTE 1 The values given are per unit T
N.
NOTE 2 The values of T are 1,5 times the corresponding values for design N, but are
l
not less than 2,0.
NOTE 3 The values of T are 1,5 times the corresponding values for design N, but are
u
not less than 1,4.
NOTE 4 The values of T are equal to the corresponding values for design N, but are
b
not less than 1,9 and the values of Tu.

Table 5 – Minimum values of torques for design N-e motors with type of protection 'e –
increased safety'
Number of poles
Range of
rated output 2 4 6 8
kW
T T T T T T T T T T T T
l u b l u b l u b l u b
1,7 1,1 1,8 1,8 1,2 1,8 1,5 1,1 1,6 1,4 1,0 1,6
0,4 ≤ P ≤ 0,63
N
0,63 < P ≤ 1,0 1,6 1,1 1,8 1,7 1,2 1,8 1,5 1,1 1,6 1,4 1,0 1,6
N
1,6 1,1 1,8 1,7 1,2 1,8 1,4 1,0 1,7 1,3 1,0 1,6
1,0 < P ≤ 1,6
N
1,5 1,0 1,8 1,6 1,1 1,8 1,4 1,0 1,7 1,3 1,0 1,6
1,6 < P ≤ 2,5
N
2,5 < P ≤ 4,0 1,4 1,0 1,8 1,5 1,1 1,8 1,4 1,0 1,7 1,2 0,9 1,6
N
1,4 1,0 1,8 1,4 1,0 1,8 1,4 1,0 1,7 1,2 0,9 1,6
4,0 < PN ≤ 6,3
1,4 1,0 1,8 1,4 1,0 1,8 1,4 1,0 1,6 1,2 0,9 1,6
6,3 < P ≤ 10
N
1,3 0,9 1,8 1,4 1,0 1,8 1,3 1,0 1,6 1,1 0,8 1,6
10 < P ≤ 16
N
16 < P ≤ 25 1,2 0,9 1,7 1,3 1,0 1,7 1,3 1,0 1,6 1,1 0,8 1,6
N
1,1 0,8 1,7 1,2 0,9 1,7 1,2 0,9 1,6 1,1 0,8 1,6
25 < P ≤ 40
N
1,0 0,7 1,6 1,1 0,8 1,6 1,1 0,8 1,6 1,0 0,7 1,6
40 < P ≤ 63
N
63 < P ≤ 100 0,9 0,65 1,6 1,0 0,8 1,6 1,0 0,8 1,6 0,9 0,7 1,6
N
0,8 0,6 1,6 0,9 0,7 1,6 0,9 0,7 1,6 0,8 0,6 1,6
100 < P ≤ 160
N
0,75 0,55 1,6 0,8 0,6 1,6 0,8 0,6 1,6 0,8 0,6 1,6
160 < P ≤ 250
N
250 < P ≤ 400 0,7 0,55 1,6 0,7 0,55 1,6 0,7 0,55 1,6 0,7 0,55 1,6
N
400 < P ≤ 630 0,6 0,45 1,6 0,6 0,45 1,6 0,6 0,4 1,6 0,6 0,4 1,6
N
NOTE The values given are per unit T
N.
– 12 – 60034-12 © IEC:2002+A1:2007
Table 6 – Maximum values of locked rotor apparent power
for motors with type of protection 'e'
Range of rated output
S
I
kW
0,4 ≤ P ≤ 6,3
N
6,3 < P ≤ 63
N
63 < P ≤ 630 10
N
NOTE S is expressed as a per unit value
l
of P (kVA/kW).
N
Table 7 – External inertia (J) for motors with type of protection 'e'
Number of poles 2 4 6 8
Frequency  (Hz) 50 60 50 60 50 60 50 60
Rated output Moment of inertia
(kW) kg m
0,4 0,017 0,013 0,097 0,073 0,267 0,200 0,548 0,411
0,63 0,025 0,019 0,140 0,105 0,386 0,289 0,792 0,594
1,0 0,036 0,027 0,204 0,153 0,561 0,421 1,15 0,864
1,6 0,053 0,040 0,298 0,223 0,821 0,616 1,69 1,26
2,5 0
...