ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)

ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)
Technical Report


Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES);
Broadband Satellite Multimedia (BSM);
Services and architectures

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2 ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)



Reference
RTR/SES-00274
Keywords
architecture, broadband, IP, multimedia, satellite
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3 ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights.5
Foreword.5
Introduction .5
1 Scope.6
2 References.6
2.1 Informative references.6
3 Definitions and abbreviations.7
3.1 Definitions.7
3.2 Abbreviations.9
4 Overview of BSM .10
4.1 Satellite network scenarios.10
4.2 IP networking scenarios .11
5 BSM roles, actors and equipment.12
5.1 General.12
5.2 Roles.12
5.2.1 Definitions.12
5.2.2 Relationships between roles.13
5.3 Equipment.14
5.3.1 Definitions.14
5.3.2 Relationship between roles and equipment.14
5.4 Billing and usage relationships.15
6 BSM reference models and architectures.16
6.1 Definitions.16
6.1.1 BSM System; Network and Subnetwork .16
6.1.2 Transparent and regenerative satellite architecture.17
6.1.3 Topologies.18
6.1.4 Link and channel attributes.18
6.2 BSM Network Types.19
6.2.1 Naming conventions.19
6.2.2 Transparent Satellite Star (TSS) .20
6.2.3 Transparent Satellite Mesh (TSM).21
6.2.4 Regenerative Satellite Mesh (RSM) .22
6.3 Reference models.23
6.3.1 Reference models for access network scenario.23
6.3.1.1 U-plane reference model.23
6.3.1.2 C-plane and M-plane reference model .24
6.3.2 Generalized reference models.25
6.3.2.1 BSM network types.25
6.3.2.2 Other BSM scenarios .25
6.4 Protocol architecture.26
6.4.1 BSM protocol architecture.26
6.4.2 SI-SAP and BSM families .27
6.4.3 Satellite Independent Service Access Point (SI-SAP) .27
6.4.4 BSM bearer services layered architecture.28
6.4.5 Air interface lower layer service elements.29
7 General service definitions.31
7.1 Media components.31
7.2 BSM connections.31
7.3 BSM service capabilities .31
7.4 Interoperability.32
8 Bearer services .32
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4 ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)
8.1 Definitions.32
8.1.1 Telecommunications bearer services .32
8.1.2 Connectionless and connection-oriented bearer services.33
8.1.3 Unidirectional and bidirectional bearer services.33
8.1.4 Bearer service symmetry .33
8.1.5 Bearer service configurations .33
8.2 BSM bearer services.34
8.2.1 General.34
8.2.2 Queue Identifiers (QIDs) .34
Annex A: Example protocol models .35
A.1 A protocol model for regenerative satellites .35
A.2 A protocol model for transparent satellites .35
Annex B: Topology examples.36
Annex C: Network interface examples.37
Annex D: Bibliography.38
History .39

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5 ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Satellite Earth Stations and Systems
(SES).
Introduction
The present document has been prepared by the TC-SES Broadband Satellite Multimedia (BSM) working group based
on the recommendations from the work of STF-126 [1].
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6 ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)
1 Scope
The present document defines the BSM services and architectures. It contains a set of definitions and reference models
in the following main areas:
• BSM roles and actors;
• BSM reference architectures and models;
• BSM bearer services.
The present document is intended to define the possible roles that Broadband Satellite Multimedia systems may have, to
define the main actors, to define a set of reference architectures and to define the services they can provide. These
definitions are intended as a common set of definitions for BSM standardization.
The overall objectives of BSM standardization are:
• to enable users to access a wide range of telecommunications services, including many that are today
undefined, with particular emphasis on IP-based multi-media services and high data rates;
• to provide an efficient means of using satellite network resources (particularly radio spectrum);
• to facilitate the provision of a high quality of service similar to that provided by fixed networks;
• to facilitate the provision of easy to use, low cost terminals.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following
cases:
- if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the purposes
of the referring document;
- for informative references.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
For online referenced documents, information sufficient to identify and locate the source shall be provided. Preferably,
the primary source of the referenced document should be cited, in order to ensure traceability. Furthermore, the
reference should, as far as possible, remain valid for the expected life of the document. The reference shall include the
method of access to the referenced document and the full network address, with the same punctuation and use of upper
case and lower case letters.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Informative references
[1] ETSI TR 101 374-2: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband satellite multimedia;
Part 2: Scenario for standardization".
[2] ETSI TS 122 101: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Service aspects;
Service principles (3GPP TS 22.101 Release 7)".
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7 ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)
[3] MFA Forum: "Technology: ATM Forum Specifications".
NOTE: Available at http://www.mfaforum.org/tech/atm_specs.shtml.
[4] ETSI TS 123 107: "Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS); Quality of Service (QoS) concept and architecture (3GPP
TS 23.107 version 6.4.0 Release 6)".
[5] ETSI TR 101 865: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Satellite component of
UMTS/IMT-2000; General aspects and principles".
[6] ETSI TR 102 353: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia
(BSM); Guidelines for the Satellite Independent Service Access Point (SI-SAP);".
[7] ETSI TS 102 357: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia
(BSM); Common Air interface specification; Satellite Independent Service Access Point SI-SAP".
[8] ETSI TS 102 295: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia
(BSM) services and architectures; BSM Traffic Classes".
[9] ETSI TR 102 187: "Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia;
Overview of BSM families".
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
broadcast: communication capability which denotes unidirectional distribution to an unspecified number of access
points connected to the network
NOTE: The communication may reach any or all access points and each terminal may select which broadcast
information to receive.
BSM bearer service: user plane (U-plane) data transmission services provided by the BSM subnetwork at the SI-SAP
interfaces.
NOTE 1: A BSM bearer service includes all QoS and other bearer service properties, as viewed at those SI-SAP
interfaces.
NOTE 2: BSM bearer services are a specific form of layer 2 service access point services. BSM bearer services are
therefore not the same as a Telecommunications bearer service as defined below.
BSM Network: a BSM subnetwork together with the BSM interworking and adaptation functions that are required to
provide an interface into the attached networks
BSM Subnetwork: all the BSM network elements below the Satellite Independent Service Access Point (SI-SAP)
BSM System (BSMS): A BSM System corresponds to a BSM Network together with the NMC and NCC plus any
additional elements that are required to provide the network services to the subscribers and their users.
channel: means of unidirectional transmission of signals between two points
NOTE: Channel is a generic term that can be used at different layers of the interface (e.g. physical channel,
logical channel). Several channels may share a common transport mechanism.
connection oriented: communication method in which communication proceeds through three well-defined phases:
connection establishment, data transfer, connection release
connectionless: communication method which allows the transfer of information between users without the need for
connection establishment procedures
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8 ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)
control plane (C-plane): plane which has a layered structure and performs control functions for the various services
NOTE: The C-plane deals with the signalling necessary to set up, maintain and release bearer services.
gateway (GW): network element that provides interworking between the BSM network and one or more external
networks.
layer management functions: management functions (e.g. meta-signalling) relating to resources and parameters
residing in its protocol entities
link: capability to exchange data between two points
NOTE 1: Link is a generic term that can be used at different layers of the interface. For example:
data link: capability of the data link layer to exchange data; and
physical link: capability of the physical layer to exchange data.
NOTE 2: Physical link (radio link) names can be used to indicate the direction and/or the usage and/or the operating
band. For example, "uplink", "feeder link" or "Ku-band link".
management plane (M-plane): plane which provides two types of functions, namely layer management functions and
network management functions
multicast: communication capability which denotes unidirectional distribution from a single ingress service access
point to a number of specified egress service access points
multipoint: communication configuration attribute which denotes that the communication involves more than two
service access points
Network Control Centre (NCC): equipment that provides the central control functions for a satellite network.
Network Management Centre (NMC): equipment that provides the central management functions for a satellite
network.
Satellite Independent Service Access Point (SI-SAP): the interface between the satellite dependent lower layers and
the satellite independent upper layers of the Satellite Terminal air interface
Satellite Terminal (ST): network element that contains at least one satellite network interface.
NOTE: An ST normally contains at least one other network interface and two different types of ST can be
defined:
User ST: that provides interworking between the satellite network and a premises network.
Gateway ST: that provides interworking between the satellite network and an external network.
service attribute: specified characteristic of a telecommunication service
NOTE: The value(s) assigned to one or more service attributes may be used to distinguish that telecommunication
service from others.
telecommunication service: service offered by a network operator or service provider to its customers in order to
satisfy a specific telecommunication requirement
NOTE: Telecommunication services are divided into two broad families: bearer services and teleservices:
telecommunications bearer service: type of telecommunication service that provides the capability of
transmission of signals between user access points, typically the user-network interface (UNI);
teleservice: type of telecommunication service that provides the complete capability, including terminal
equipment functions, for communication between users according to standardized protocols and
transmission capabilities established by agreement between operators
traffic class (or service class): service offered to the users described by a set of performance parameters and their
specified values, limits or ranges
NOTE: The set of parameters provides a comprehensive description of the service capability.
user plane (U-plane): plane which has a layered structure and provides for user data transfer
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9 ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
ASP Application Service Provider
AESA ATM End System Addresses
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
BSM Broadband Satellite Multimedia
BSMS Broadband Satellite Multimedia System
CP Customer Premises
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
DAMA Demand Assigned Multiple Access
Diffserv Differentiated services
DL DownLink
DLL Data Link Layer
DVB-RCS Digital Video Broadcast-Return Channel by Satellite
DVB-S Digital Video Broadcast by Satellite
GSM Global System for Mobile communication
GW GateWay
IB InBound
ID IDentifier
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
Intserv Integrated services
IP Internet Protocol
IPv4 Internet Protocol version 4
IPv6 Internet Protocol version 6
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISP Internet Service Provider
ITSP Internet Telephony Service Provider
IWF InterWorking Functions
LAN Local Area Network
MAC Medium Access Control
MM MultiMedia
MSP Multimedia Service Provider
MTM Multipoint-To Multipoint
NAP Network Access Provider
NCC Network Control Centre
NMC Network Management Centre
NOC Network Operations Centre
NSP Network Service Provider
OB OutBound
OBP On Board Processing
OSI Open System Interconnection
PHY PHYsical
PILC Performance Implications of Link Characteristics
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
QID Queue IDentifier
QoS Quality of Service
RSVP Resource reSerVation Protocol
SAT SATellite
SCC Satellite Control Centre
SD Satellite Dependent
SDAF Satellite Dependent Adaptation Function
SI Satellite Independent
SIAF Satellite Independent Adaptation Function
SI-SAP Satellite Independent Service Access Point
SLA Service Level Agreements
SLC Satellite Link Control
SMAC Satellite Medium Access Control
SME Small to Medium sized Enterprises
SNO Satellite Network Operator
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10 ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)
SO Satellite Operator
SP Service Provider
SPHY Satellite PHYsical
ST Satellite Terminal
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TM/TC TeleMetry/TeleCommand
TOS Type Of Service
UDP User Datagram Protocol
UL UpLink
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
UT User Terminal
VCI Virtual Connection Identifier
VPI Virtual Path Identifier
VPN Virtual Private Network
VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal (satellite)
EH End Host
TSS Transparent Satellite Star
TSM Transparent Satellite Mesh
4 Overview of BSM
4.1 Satellite network scenarios
For the present document, we divide the BSM satellite networks into 3 different scenarios: Core network, Distribution
network and Access network as illustrated in figure 4.1:
• Access network, providing services to end users.
• Distribution network, providing content distribution to the edge.
• Core network, providing trunk interconnect services.
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Figure 4.1: Core network, distribution network and access network
Telecommunication satellites can be used to provide broadcasting and multicasting services as well as point-to-point
services as illustrated in figure 4.1. In addition to international or long haul communications, figure 4.1 shows satellites
being used to provide regional backbone networks and access networks, including access to added value services such
as Internet applications.
Due to their natural coverage of large mass of land or ocean satellites are also used to deliver broadcast broadband
services such as Digital Video and in this case interactivity can be provided either by the satellite or though a terrestrial
telecommunication infrastructure (e.g. PSTN, ISDN and GSM).
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11 ETSI TR 101 984 V1.2.1 (2007-12)
4.2 IP networking scenarios
In the global Internet, a BSM system (BSMS) acts as another IP subnetwork. Only a small percentage of IP hosts will
be directly connected to that BSMS and it is unrealistic to require that any IP host (including both end hosts and
intermediate hosts such as routers) whose traffic transits a BSMS (at some point) should modify its IP-layer protocols.
Consequently, the main guideline for interworking IP services over a BSMS is that on the external (non-satellite) side of
a Satellite Terminal (ST) all IETF internet protocols should be supported unchanged.
On the satellite side of an ST the IP layer protocols can, when applicable, be adapted to better respond to the specifics
of the BSMS to accommodate a combination of the following differences relative to terrestrial wired and wireless
networks:
• Longer delays and large delay-bandwidth product.
• High utilization and capacity restrictions of satellite networks.
• Natural multicasting capabilities.
• Large coverage.
• Multiple spot beams.
• On-board switching and routing.
• On-board bandwidth control.
• Independence from ground infrastructure.
This approach of constraining any adaptation of the IETF internet protocols to be fully contained within the boundary of
the BSMS is not specific to BSM and can be found in many IP networks in the Next Generation Networks (NGN) such
as Virtual Private Networks and Mobile IP. This ensures that the BSMS can be complementary to terrestrial
infrastructure, reinforcing the inherent advantages of satellite systems for providing services to remote regions.
The different types of BSM IP networking scenarios are summarized in table 4.1.
Table 4.1: BSM IP networking scenarios
Access network Point-to-point Multicast Broadcast
scenarios
Corporate intranet Corporate VSAT network, Corporate Multicast Datacasting
i.e. site interconnections e.g. Data distribution
e.g. Video conferencing TV broadcast (private)
Corporate internet Internet Access via IP multicast ISP
...