ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)

Technical Report
Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM);
Assessment of Cable Equipment with Digital Dividend;
New Electronic Communication Networks (ECN)
Operating in the UHF band 790 MHz to 862 MHz

2 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)

Reference
DTR/ATTM-003001
Keywords
broadband, cable, DOCSIS, modem
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ETSI
3 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Abbreviations . 9
4 Digital Dividend . 11
4.1 European Players . 11
4.2 ETSI and CEPT Process . 12
4.3 Characteristics of ECN800 transmission . 13
4.3.1 General Overview of LTE Mobile Services . 14
4.3.1.1 Overview of the LTE Radio Interface . 14
4.3.1.1.1 General . 14
4.3.1.1.2 Downlink Transmission . 14
4.3.1.1.3 Uplink Transmission . 15
4.3.1.1.4 Cell Search . 16
4.3.1.2 Deployment Scenarios . 16
4.3.2 Relevant ETSI Standards . 18
4.3.3 CEPT Spectrum Band Plan . 19
4.3.4 Block Edge Masks . 19
4.4 Characteristics of HFC transmission . 20
4.4.1 General Overview of HFC Networks. 20
4.4.2 Relevant Standards . 22
4.5 Overview of initial activities to address coexistence . 22
4.6 Immunity Requirements . 23
4.7 Incumbent and future users of the 800 MHz Frequency Spectrum . 24
4.8 Interference Studies . 24
5 Regulatory and Economic Environment . 28
5.1 Spectrum Auctions and Usage of Unlicensed vs. Licensed . 28
5.2 Spectrum Frequency Plan . 28
6 Analysis of Interference Mechanisms . 29
6.1 Interference Criteria and Characteristics . 29
6.1.1 Analogue versus digital services . 29
6.1.2 Signal characteristics . 29
6.2 Interference Types . 30
6.2.1 In-band . 30
6.2.2 Adjacent channel-band . 30
6.2.3 Out-of-band. 30
6.2.4 Mirror Frequencies . 30
6.3 Statistical Modelling. 30
6.3.1 Wireless system parameters . 31
6.3.2 Environmental parameters . 31
6.3.3 Separation distance . 31
6.3.4 Immunity of victim . 31
6.3.5 Monte Carlo analysis . 31
6.3.6 Mathematical analysis . 31
7 Economic and Society Impact . 31
8 Recommendations for Standardisation . 32
ETSI
4 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
Annex A: Bibliography . 33
History . 34

ETSI
5 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Access, Terminals, Transmission and
Multiplexing (ATTM).
Introduction
The present document is intended to provide information to those stakeholders typically from the wired fixed network
sector i.e. the integrated broadband cable television network providers and their equipment suppliers, about the
expected use of Electronic Communication Network (ECN) services within the Digital Dividend and its relevance to
cable services. The present document addresses the potential Electronic Communication Network (ECN) services
intended to operate within the digital dividend frequency range 790 MHz to 862 MHz.
The present document examines the relationship of proposed new ECN mobile services operating in the UHF frequency
band 790 MHz to 862 MHz with the current users of this RF frequency range contained in wired line cables designed
and operated according to CENELEC standards for system performance and electromagnetic compatibility, in particular
to current services provided by CATV and Integrated Broadband Cable networks.
ETSI
6 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
1 Scope
The present document presents an overview of cable architecture and the digital dividend for ECN800 services.
The present document is intended to provide information to non-radio engineers not familiar with the concept of digital
dividend, the committees involved within ETSI, ECC and EC and intends to detail and explain the procedures that lead
to the licensing of spectrum for new radio ECN services.
The present document also documents and references activities by various organisations both SDOs and non-SDOs
involved in the assessment of the interference from ECN800 to viewers and users of current services such as broadband
internet, TV (video) and telephony services.
NOTE: It should be noted that the present document is not intended to capture all of the assessments of digital
dividend ECN800 interactions with RF Cable Network services carried out by industry. The present
document only captures some of the industry studies known at the time of the development of te present
document. It is recognised that various stakeholders and regulatory bodies have, since the development of
the present document and since the finalisation of the present document, carried out further assessments.
The ETSI committee ATTM-AT3 may prepare a revision to the present document to accommodate new information
and improvements as further studies from industry and developments become known. ATTM confirms that further
comments received will be managed to produce a subsequent publication of the present document.
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
Not applicable.
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
st
[i.1] CEPT Report 21 (1 July 2008): Report A from CEPT to the European Commission in response to
the Mandate on: "Technical considerations regarding harmonisation options for the Digital
Dividend" "Compatibility issues between "cellular / low power transmitter" networks and "larger
coverage / high power / tower" type of networks".
st
[i.2] CEPT Report 22 (1 July 2008): Report B from CEPT to the European Commission in response to
the Mandate on: "Technical considerations regarding harmonisation options for the Digital
Dividend" "Technical Feasibility of Harmonising a Sub-band of Bands IV and V for Fixed/Mobile
Applications (including uplinks), minimising the Impact on GE06".
ETSI
7 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
st
[i.3] CEPT Report 23 (1 July 2008): Complementary Report to Report B (CEPT Report 22) from
CEPT to the European Commission in response to the Mandate on:"Technical considerations
regarding harmonisation options for the Digital Dividend" "Technical Options for the Use of a
Harmonised Sub-Band in the Band 470 - 862 MHz for Fixed/Mobile Application (including
Uplinks)".
[i.4] CEPT Report 19 (October 2002): Guidance material for assessing the spectrum requirements of
the fixed service to provide infrastructure to support the UMTS/IMT-2000 networks.
[i.5] MoU between ETSI and CEPT revised April 2004.
NOTE: Available at http://www.ero.dk/AA0FDA9E-14AF-4718-8A12-724E4B086AF6?frames=no&.
[i.6] MoU between EC and CEPT.
NOTE: Available at http://www.ero.dk/DED471D2-A68C-4577-AD70-1F01EF3C9A72?frames=no&.
[i.7] Letter of understanding between ECCA and ECC dated 12th September 2006.
NOTE: Available at http://www.cept.org/D9296FE9-72FF-4791-B2CC-339028D7E199?frames=no&.
[i.8] Commission Decision 2010/267/EU on harmonised technical conditions of use in the 790-862
MHz frequency band for terrestrial systems capable of providing electronic communications
services in the European Union.
th
[i.9] CEPT Report 30 (30 October 2009): Report from CEPT to the European Commission in response
to the Mandate on "The identification of common and minimal (least restrictive) technical
conditions for 790 - 862 MHz for the digital dividend in the European Union".
[i.10] Directive 1999/5/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio
equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their
conformity.
[i.11] ETSI TS 136 300: "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Evolved Universal
Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRAN);
Overall description; Stage 2 (3GPP TS 36.300 Release 9)".
[i.12] ITU-R Recommendation F.1336: "Reference Radiation Patterns of Omnidirectional, Sectoral and
other Antennas in Point-To-Multipoint Systems for use in Sharing Studies In The Frequency
Range from 1 GHz to about 70 GHz".
[i.13] ETSI TS 136 101: "LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); User Equipment
(UE) radio transmission and reception (3GPP TS 36.101 Release 9)".
[i.14] ETSI TS 136 104: "LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Base Station
(BS) radio transmission and reception (3GPP TS 36.104 Release 9)".
[i.15] ETSI TR 136 942: "LTE; Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA); Radio
Frequency (RF) system scenarios (3GPP TR 36.942 Release 9)".
[i.16] ECC Decision of 30 October 2009 on harmonised conditions for mobile/fixed communication
networks operating in the band 790-862 MHz.
[i.17] ETSI TR 102 881: "Access, Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Cable Network
Handbook".
[i.18] CENELEC EN 50083 Series (CENELEC CLC/TC 209): "Cable networks for television signals,
sound signals and interactive services".
[i.19] CENELEC EN 60728 Series (CENELEC CLC/TC 209): "Cable networks for television signals,
sound signals and interactive services".
[i.20] CENELEC EN 55024: "Information technology equipment - Immunity characteristics - Limits and
methods of measurement".
ETSI
8 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
[i.21] CENELEC EN 61000-4-3: "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Testing and measurement
techniques. Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test".
[i.22] CENELEC EN 55020: "Sound and television broadcast receivers and associated equipment.
Immunity characteristics. Limits and methods of measurement".
[i.23] CENELEC EN 50117: "Coaxial cables. Sectional specification for cables used in cabled
distribution networks".
[i.24] CENELEC EN 60966: "Radio frequency and coaxial cable assemblies".
[i.25] CENELEC EN 50529-2: "EMC network standard. Wire-line telecommunications networks using
coaxial cables".
[i.26] CENELEC EN 50083-8: "Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive
services. Electromagnetic compatibility for networks".
[i.27] CENELEC EN 50083-2: "Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive
services. Electromagnetic compatibility for equipment".
[i.28] Cable Europe: Trade Association of European Cable Operators.
NOTE: Available at http://www.cable-europe.eu/.
[i.29] Excentis: Providing excellence in telecom and ICT services.
NOTE: Available at http://www.excentis.com/about.php
[i.30] TNO - Dutch research center.
NOTE: Available at http://www.tno.nl/index.cfm?Taal=2.
[i.31] NLKabel - Dutch trade organization of Dutch Cable Operators.
NOTE: Available at http://www.nlkabel.nl/nl/Home.aspx
[i.32] CENELEC TC210 joint TC209 meeting held Dublin, Ireland, 12-13 August 2010; Decision
D210/209-02.
[i.33] Report for the European Commission "Exploiting the Digital Dividend - A European Approach",
Analysys Mason et al., 14 August 2009.
NOTE: Available at http://www.analysysmason.com.
[i.34] COM(2007) 700 final 13.11.2007, COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL
COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS "Reaping the full benefits of the
digital dividend in Europe: A common approach to the use of the spectrum released by the digital
switchover".
[i.35] Response to the Digital Dividend Public Consultation, Pearle (Ref: 2009/AD/P5911).
[i.36] Excel file.
NOTE: Available at http://www.ero.dk/40A95B5A-E01A-4E69-A3B6-986C08B6BE50?frames=no&.
[i.37] European process of standardisation and regulation for radiocommunications devices and systems
- cooperation between CEPT and ETSI.
NOTE: Available at http://www.ero.dk/C01A05A6-F594-4C2D-8506-0BAF4589A5BB?frames=no&.
[i.38] ECC, ETSI: "The European regulatory environment for radio equipment and spectrum: an
introduction".
[i.39] ITU Radio Regulations Edition of 2008.
NOTE: Available at http://www.itu.int/pub/R-REG-RR-2008.
ETSI
9 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
[i.40] ETSI EN 300 429 (V1.2.1): "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel
coding and modulation for cable systems".
[i.41] ETSI TS 102 639: "Access and Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing (ATTM); Third
Generation Transmission Systems for Interactive Cable Television Services - IP Cable Modems".
[i.42] ETSI EN 300 422: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Wireless
microphones in the 25 MHz to 3 GHz frequency range".
[i.43] ETSI EN 301 357 (all parts): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Cordless audio devices in the range 25 MHz to 2 000 MHz".
[i.44] ETSI EN 301 489-9: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 9: Specific
conditions for wireless microphones, similar Radio Frequency (RF) audio link equipment, cordless
audio and in-ear monitoring devices".
[i.45] ETSI EN 300 220: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short
Range Devices (SRD); Radio equipment to be used in the 25 MHz to 1 000 MHz frequency range
with power levels ranging up to 500 mW".
[i.46] ETSI ES 202 127: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Radio
frequency amplifiers and pre-amplifiers used for broadcast TV and sound reception from 47 MHz
to 860 MHz".
[i.47] ETSI/ECC joint website.
NOTE: Available at http://www.ero.dk/ecc-etsi.
[i.48] Radio Spectrum Committee working document: "RSCOM10-50".
[i.49] Directive 2004/108/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 on
the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility and
repealing Directive 89/336/EEC.
[i.50] ITU-R Recommendation P.1546: "Method for point-to-area predictions for terrestrial services in
the frequency range 30 MHz to 3 000 MHz".
[i.51] CENELEC TC209: "Comité Européen de Normalisation Électrotechnique, Technical Committee
209".
[i.52] CENELEC TC210: "Comité Européen de Normalisation Électrotechnique, Technical Committee
210".
3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AMC Adaptive Modulation and Coding
ANGA Association of German Cable Operators
ARQ Automatic Repeat reQuest
ATRT Auschuss Technische Regulierung in der Telekommunikation
NOTE: Consulting Committee on Technical Regulation in Telecommunications to BNetzA
BAKOM Switzerland Federal Office of Communications
BEM Block Edge Mask
BNetzA Bundesnetzagentur
NOTE: German National Regulator
BS Base Station
CATV Community Antenna TeleVision
CEPT Conference of European Postal and Telecommunications
ETSI
10 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
DL DownLink
DTT Digital Terrestrial Television
DVB Digital Video Broadcasting
DVB-C Digital Video Broadcast - Cable
DVB-T Digital Video Broadcast - Terrestrial
e.i.r.p. equivalent isotropic radiated power
EC European Commission
ECC Electronic Communications Committee
ECCA European Cable Communications Association
ECN Electronic Communication Networks
ECN800 ECN operated in the frequency band 792 MHz to 862 MHz
EIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power
EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
EU European Union
EuroDOCSIS European data over cable service interface specification
EUT Equipment Under Test
FDD Frequency Division Duplex
GSM Global System for Mobile
HFC Hybrid Fibre-Coax
IDTV Interactive Digital Television
IMT International Mobile Telecommunications
IP Internet Protocol
ITU International Telecommunications Union
JWG DD JWG Digital Dividend
JWG Joint Working Group
LTE Long-Term Evolution
LTE800 Long Term Evolution technology operated in the frequency band 792 MHz to 862 MHz
MBSFN Multicast/Broadcast over Single Frequency Network
MFCN Mobile/Fixed Communication Network
MHz MegaHertz
MIMO Multiple In Multiple Out
MoU Memorandum of Understanding
MU-MIMO Multi User Multiple Input Multiple Output
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing
PAL Phase Alternating Line
PDSCH High Speed - Physical Downlink Shared CHannel
PDU Protocol Data Unit
PPDR Public Protection and Disaster Relief
PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel
QoS Quality of Service
QPP Quadratic Permutation Polynomial
QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
R&TTE Radio and Telecommunication Terminal Equipment
RF Radio Frequency
RMS Root Mean Square
RSPG Radio Spectrum Policy Group
SDM Spatial Division Multiplexing
SDO Standards Development Organisations
SIR Signal Interference Ratio
STB Set Top Box
TDD Time Division Duplexing
TRP Total Radiated Power
TS Transmitter
TTI Transmission Time Interval
TV Television
UDP User Datagram Protocol
UE User Equipment
UHF Ultra High Frequency
UL UpLink
ETSI
11 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
WRC World Radio Conference
4 Digital Dividend
Digital Dividend refers to the portion of the radio frequency spectrum that is made available for new usages following
switching off the analogue terrestrial broadcast television services and migrating to digital terrestrial services requiring
less frequency bandwidth to deliver a similar service portfolio as with analogue signals. The saving in the frequencies is
considered by the European Commission as a dividend that may be assigned for use for other electronic communication
network (ECN) radio services. The Digital Dividend frequencies may be licensed by national regulators for use by ECN
service providers through auction sales, similar to the GSM and UMTS auctions. The Digital Dividend frequencies
790 MHZ to 862 MHz may be licensed by national regulators.
The ITU Radio Regulations [i.39] incorporates the decisions of the World Radiocommunication Conferences, including
all Appendices, Resolutions, Recommendations and ITU-R Recommendations incorporated by reference. The Radio
Regulations edition of 2008 [i.39], contains the complete texts of the Radio Regulations as adopted by the World
Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 1995) (WRC-95) and subsequently revised and adopted by the World
Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 1997) (WRC-97), the World Radiocommunication Conference (Istanbul,
2000) (WRC-2000), the World Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2003) (WRC-03), and the World
Radiocommunication Conference (Geneva, 2007) (WRC-07), including all Appendices, Resolutions, Recommendations
and ITU-R Recommendations incorporated by reference.
The footnote 5.316B of the ITU Radio Regulations [i.39] states:
"5.316B In Region 1, the allocation to the mobile, except aeronautical mobile, service on a primary basis in
the frequency band 790-862 MHz shall come into effect from 17 June 2015 and shall be subject to agreement
obtained under No. 9.21 with respect to the aeronautical radionavigation service in countries mentioned in
No. 5.312. For countries party to the GE06 Agreement, the use of stations of the mobile service is also subject
to the successful application of the procedures of that Agreement. Resolutions 224 (Rev.WRC-07) and
749 (WRC-07) shall apply. (WRC-07)".
The ITU Radio Regulations 5.3 [i.39] provides the definition of Region 1.
In January 2007, the European Commission issued a first mandate on the Digital Dividend "on technical considerations
regarding harmonisation options for the digital dividend". The response to this mandate is contained in CEPT
Report 21 [i.1], CEPT Report 22 [i.2] and CEPT Report 23 [i.3]. Prior to this, in July 2006, the Commission issued a
Mandate to CEPT "to develop least restrictive technical conditions for frequency bands addressed in the context of
WAPECS". The response to this mandate is contained in CEPT Report 19 [i.4].
The National Administrations from European Member States are responsible for frequency management within their
respective jurisdiction and regulate the use of the spectrum. Coordination at European level is achieved through CEPT
and on global level through the WRC.
4.1 European Players
An introduction to the European regulatory environment for radio equipment and spectrum is given in [i.38].
Further information on the cooperation between ETSI and ECC is available on the joint website [i.47]
http://www.ero.dk/ecc-etsi.
The European players involved in the management of the spectrum, decisions on its use and development of technical
parameters are:
• Standardisation Institutes such as ETSI and CENELEC. ETSI develops draft system reference documents that
are approved by ETSI members and submitted to CEPT.
• ECC as the Electronic Communication Committee dealing with communication matters within CEPT which is
the Conference of European Posts and Telecommunications Administrations. Established 1959 with over
44 member countries manage the frequency allocation in Europe.
• European Member State Administrations.
ETSI
12 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
• European Commission.
• European Parliament.
• European Council.
ETSI develops System Reference Documents (SRDoc) providing technical background on new radio systems and
informs ECC accordingly. ECC analyses ETSI SRDoc or other industry proposals, to identify possible new
opportunities to use spectrum and where needed, conducts the relevant sharing studies and develops harmonised
conditions to use spectrum and keeps ETSI informed on the further development.
ECC and ETSI representatives meet on a yearly basis in order to maintain strong coordination between the two
organizations, to discuss strategic issues and to report on the ongoing activities in each of the organizations.
In this framework, ECC and ETSI are maintaining a relationship matrix [i.36], reflecting the work and information
connections between groups of the ECC and ETSI. This matrix is intended to be used in order to ease the cooperation
between related groups in ETSI and ECC, also to provide opportunities for possible joint meetings.
th
• An MoU is established between ETSI and CEPT signed 20 October 2004 [i.5].
st
• An MoU is established between EC and CEPT signed 31 January 2004 [i.6].
th
• A letter of understanding is established between ECCA and ECC signed 14 April 2003 [i.7].
4.2 ETSI and CEPT Process
The European process of standardisation and regulation for radiocommunications devices and systems - cooperation
between CEPT and ETSI [i.37] presents the flowchart describing the procedures between ETSI and CEPT and within
each organization
Figure 1 presents the current flow chart at the time of the preparation of the present document.

Figure 1: ETSI and CEPT/ECC Process Flow
ETSI
13 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
4.3 Characteristics of ECN800 transmission
Technical conditions for the deployment of mobile services in the 800 MHz band (ECN800) are provided in the
Decision of the Commission of the European Union of 6 May 2010 [i.8] on harmonised technical conditions of use in
the 790 MHz to 862 MHz frequency band for terrestrial systems capable of providing electronic communications
services in the European Union. The Commission Decision includes the technical parameters defined in CEPT
Report 30 [i.9] which are also contained in ECC decision (09)03 of 30 October 2009 [i.16] where European
administrations commit voluntarily to implement the assignment of frequencies to ECN800 services based on CEPT
Report 30 [i.9].
Section 4.2 of the EC Decision 2010/267/EU [i8] states:
"(16) Member States may decide individually whether and at what point in time they designate or make
available the 800 MHz band for networks other than high-power broadcasting networks, and this Decision is
without prejudice to the use of the 800 MHz band for public order and public security purposes and defence in
some Member States.
Article 2 1. When they designate or make available the 800 MHz band for networks other than high-power
broadcasting networks, Member States shall do so, on a non-exclusive basis, for terrestrial systems capable of
providing electronic communications services in compliance with the parameters set out in the Annex to this
Decision."
Technical conditions that were defined in CEPT Report 30 [i.9] are reflected in the EC Decision [i.8] and aim to
minimize the restrictions on mobile communication networks in the 800 MHz band whilst enabling the protection of
broadcasting operations. The analysis limited its considerations to the coexistence with terrestrial broadcasting networks
disregarding other incumbent users of the relevant RF frequencies such as HFC networks. The conditions that are
defined include:
• A frequency arrangement using FDD and reflecting the preferred harmonised channelling arrangement as
defined in CEPT Report 30 [i.9].
• A block edge mask defining the signal levels in the transmitting channel and in adjacent spectrum areas.
• Limits on transmission power of terminal devices and base stations taking into account outdoor and indoor
signal propagation.
The technical conditions defined may not relate to the final conditions that may be found in practical deployments. It
should be noted that the criterion defined in Commission Decision 2010/267 /EU of 6 May 2010 [i.8] on harmonised
technical conditions of use in the 790 MHz to 862 MHz frequency".
Specifically it is stated by this Commission Decision that:
"(9) CEPT Report 30 identifies least restrictive technical conditions through the concept of Block-Edge Masks
(BEMs), which are regulatory requirements aimed at managing the risk of harmful interference between
neighbouring networks and are without prejudice to limits set in equipment standards under Directive
1999/5/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and
telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their conformity (the R&TTE
Directive). Based on this CEPT Report the BEMs are optimised for, but are not limited to, fixed and/or mobile
communications networks using Frequency-Division Duplexing (FDD) and/or Time-Division Duplexing
(TDD).
(10) In cases where harmful interference has been caused or where it is reasonably considered that it could be
caused, the measures identified in CEPT Report 30 could also be supplemented by proportionate national
measures that could be imposed.
(11) The avoidance of harmful interference and disturbance to television receiver equipment, including cable
TV equipment, may depend on more effective interference rejection in such equipment. Conditions related to
television receiver equipment should be addressed as a matter of urgency within the framework of the
Directive 2004/108/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2004 on the
approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to electromagnetic compatibility and repealing
Directive 89/336/EEC (EMC Directive)."
ETSI
14 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
The Radio Spectrum Committee working document RSCOM10-50 [i.48] provides information regarding the
Commission activities related to the Radio Spectrum Policy Programme. In particular, it notes that "on 20 September
2010 the Commission adopted its proposal for the first five-year radio spectrum policy programme which outlines
actions and common principles to ensure that radio spectrum is used efficiently to best meet the needs of EU citizens,
industry and policy-makers.".
4.3.1 General Overview of LTE Mobile Services
4.3.1.1 Overview of the LTE Radio Interface
In the following clauses an overview of the LTE radio interface as it pertains to the system behaviour in the context of
the Digital Dividend issue is provided. Further information can be found in TS 136 300 [i.11] which is also the source
for the material below.
4.3.1.1.1 General
Downlink and uplink transmissions are organized into radio frames with 10 ms duration.
The frame structure is illustrated in figure 2. Each 10 ms radio frame is divided into ten equally sized sub-frames. Each
sub-frame consists of two equally sized slots. For FDD, 10 sub frames are available for downlink transmission and
10 sub frames are available for uplink transmissions in each 10 ms interval. Uplink and downlink transmissions are
separated in the frequency domain.

Figure 2: FDD Frame structure
4.3.1.1.2 Downlink Transmission
The downlink transmission scheme is based on conventional OFDM using a cyclic prefix. The OFDM sub-carrier
spacing is 15 kHz. 12 consecutive sub-carriers during one slot correspond to one downlink resource block. In the
frequency domain, the number of resource blocks can range from 6 to 110.
The downlink physical-layer processing of transport channels consists of the following steps:
• CRC insertion: 24 bit CRC is the baseline for PDSCH.
• Channel coding: Turbo coding based on QPP inner interleaving with trellis termination.
• Physical-layer hybrid-ARQ processing.
• Channel interleaving.
• Scrambling: transport-channel specific scrambling on DL-SCH, BCH, and PCH. Common MCH scrambling
for all cells involved in a specific MBSFN transmission.
• Modulation: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM.
• Layer mapping and pre-coding.
• Mapping to assigned resources and antenna ports.
Multi-antenna transmission with 2 and 4 transmit antennas is supported. The maximum number of codeword is two
irrespective to the number of antennas with fixed mapping between codewords to layers.
ETSI
15 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
Spatial Division Multiplexing (SDM) of multiple modulation symbol streams to a single UE using the same
time-frequency (-code) resource, also referred to as Single-User MIMO (SU-MIMO) is supported. When a MIMO
channel is solely assigned to a single UE, it is known as SU-MIMO. Spatial division multiplexing of modulation
symbol streams to different UEs using the same time-frequency resource, also referred to as MU-MIMO, is also
supported. There is semi-static switching between SU-MIMO and MU-MIMO per UE.
In addition, the following techniques are supported:
• Code-book-based pre-coding with a single pre-coding feedback per full system bandwidth when the system
bandwidth (or subset of resource blocks) is smaller or equal to12RB and per 5 adjacent resource blocks or the
full system bandwidth (or subset of resource blocks) when the system bandwidth is larger than 12RB.
• Rank adaptation with single rank feedback referring to full system bandwidth. Node B can override rank
report.
• Link adaptation (AMC: Adaptive Modulation and Coding) with various modulation schemes and channel
coding rates is applied to the shared data channel. The same coding and modulation is applied to all groups of
resource blocks belonging to the same L2 PDU scheduled to one user within one TTI and within a single
stream.
• Downlink power control can be used.
4.3.1.1.3 Uplink Transmission
For both FDD and TDD, the uplink transmission scheme is based on single-carrier FDMA, more specifically
DFTS-OFDM.
The uplink sub-carrier spacing is 15 kHz. The sub-carriers are grouped into sets of 12 consecutive sub-carriers,
corresponding to the uplink resource blocks. 12 consecutive sub-carriers during one slot correspond to one uplink
resource block. In the frequency domain, the number of resource blocks can range from 6 to 110.
There are two cyclic-prefix lengths defined: Normal cyclic prefix and extended cyclic prefix corresponding to seven
and six SC-FDMA symbol per slot respectively.
The uplink physical layer processing of transport channels consists of the following steps:
• CRC insertion: 24 bit CRC is the baseline for PUSCH.
• Channel coding: turbo coding based on QPP inner interleaving with trellis termination.
• Physical-layer hybrid-ARQ processing.
• Scrambling: UE-specific scrambling.
• Modulation: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM (64 QAM optional in UE).
• Mapping to assigned resources and antennas ports.
The baseline antenna configuration for uplink MIMO is MU-MIMO. To allow for MU-MIMO reception at the Node B,
allocation of the same time and frequency resource to several UEs, each of which transmitting on a single antenna, is
supported.
Closed loop type adaptive antenna selection transmit diversity is supported for FDD (optional in UE).
Uplink link adaptation is used in order to guarantee the required minimum transmission performance of each UE such
as the user data rate, packet error rate, and latency, while maximizing the system throughput.
Three types of link adaptation are performed according to the channel conditions, the UE capability such as the
maximum transmission power and maximum transmission bandwidth etc., and the required QoS such as the data rate,
latency, and packet error rate etc. Three link adaptation methods are as follows:
• Adaptive transmission bandwidth.
• Transmission power control.
ETSI
16 ETSI TR 102 864 V1.1.1 (2011-07)
• Adaptive modulation and channel coding rate.
4.3.1.1.4 Cell Search
Cell search is the procedure by which a UE acquires time and frequency synchronization with a cell and detects the Cell
ID of that cell. E-UTRA cell search supports a scalable overall transmission bandwidth corresponding to 72 sub-carriers
and upwards.
E-UTRA cell search is based on following signals transmitted in the downlink: the primary and secondary
synchronization signals, the downlink reference signals.
The primary and secondary synchronization signals are transmitted over the centre 72 sub-carriers in the first and sixth
sub frame of each frame.
Neighbour-cell search is based on the same downlink signals as initial cell search.
4.3.1.2 Deployment Scenarios
The most likely use of the band 790 MHz to 862 MHz for fixed/mobile communication networks is a cellular like
topology with two-way communication. Therefore, two different Block Edge Masks (BEM) are developed - one for the
Base Station (BS) and one for the User Equipment (UE) - taking into consideration mobile service parameters.
There is a need to define assumptions for the basic ECN system characteristics in order to conduct the necessary
technical studies. The assumptions are based on the most likely systems characteristics envisaged for ECN in the
790 MHz to 862 MHz band.
Expected spectrum used by one networ
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