ETSI TR 103 509 V1.1.1 (2019-10)

ETSI TR 103 509 V1.1.1 (2019-10)






TECHNICAL REPORT
SmartM2M;
SAREF extension investigation;
Requirements for eHealth/Ageing-well

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2 ETSI TR 103 509 V1.1.1 (2019-10)



Reference
DTR/SmartM2M-103509
Keywords
ageing, eHealth, IoT, oneM2M, ontology, SAREF,
semantic

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3 ETSI TR 103 509 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Terms . 8
3.2 Symbols . 8
3.3 Abbreviations . 8
4 SAREF extension for eHealth/Ageing-well domain . 10
5 Related initiatives . 10
5.0 Introduction . 10
5.1 Standardization bodies . 10
5.1.1 IEEE . 10
5.1.2 ETSI . 11
5.1.3 SNOMED International . 11
5.1.4 oneM2M . 11
5.2 Alliances . 12
5.2.1 Personal Connected Health Alliance (PCHAlliance) - Continua . 12
5.2.2 Health Level Seven International (HL7) . 12
5.3 Associations . 12
5.3.1 Alliance for Internet of Things Innovation (AIOTI) . 12
5.4 IoT Platforms . 12
5.4.0 Introduction. 12
5.4.1 HL7 FHIR (Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources) . 12
5.4.2 ETSI SmartBAN global IoT Reference Architecture . 13
5.4.3 universAAL IoT . 13
5.4.4 Sofia2 . 13
5.5 European projects and initiat i ves . 13
5.5.1 ACTIVAGE LSP . 13
5.5.2 CareWare ITEA3 project . 14
5.5.3 MobiGuide . 14
5.5.4 European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) . 14
5.5.5 FIESTA-IoT Ontology . 15
5.6 Industrial/medical world initiatives . 15
5.6.0 Introduction. 15
®
5.6.1 Philips HealthSuite . 15
6 Initial data models/ontologies to considered . 16
6.1 WSNs/measurement world main ontologies . 16
6.2 eHealth/Ageing-well domain main ontologies . 16
6.3 Base Ontologies to consider for SAREF4EHAW extension . 16
6.3.1 SAREF . 16
6.3.2 oneM2M . 16
6.3.3 SSN . 16
6.3.4 SmartBAN Reference Model . 17
6.3.5 SEMIOTICS project SAREF4health first try . 17
7 Use cases . 18
7.1 Use case 1: elderly at home monitoring and support . 18
7.2 Use case 2: monitoring and support of healthy lifestyles for citizens . 19
7.3 Use case 3: Early Warning System (EWS) and Cardiovascular Accidents detection . 20
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4 ETSI TR 103 509 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
7.4 Other relevant Use Cases . 21
7.4.1 Daily activity monitoring . 21
7.4.2 Integrated care for older adults under chronic conditions . 21
7.4.3 Monitoring assisted persons outside home and controlling risky situations . 21
7.4.4 Emergency trigger. 22
7.4.5 Exercise promotion for fall prevention and physical activeness . 22
7.4.6 Cognitive stimulation for mental decline prevention . 22
7.4.7 Prevention of social isolation . 22
7.4.8 Comfort and safety at home . 22
7.4.9 Support for transportation and mobility . 22
8 eHealth/Ageing-well ontological requirements . 22
9 Conclusions . 24
Annex A: eHealth/Ageing-well domain service level assumptions . 25
A.1 eHealth/Ageing-well domain general service level assumptions . 25
A.2 eHealth/Ageing-well domain additional service level assumptions . 26
History . 29


ETSI

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5 ETSI TR 103 509 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Smart Machine-to-Machine
communications (SmartM2M).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.

ETSI

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6 ETSI TR 103 509 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
1 Scope
The present document provides requirements for an initial semantic model extending SAREF for eHealth/Ageing-well.
This initial SAREF extension is based on a limited set of use cases and existing data models identified within available
initiatives that are summarized in dedicated clauses of the present document. The conducted work is expected to be
developed in close collaboration with in particular ETSI (in particular EP eHealth and TC SmartBAN), oneM2M,
AIOTI (in particular WG 05 "Smart Living Environment for Ageing Well"), and the H2020 Large Scale Pilots
(ACTIVAGE project). Other initiatives coming from eHealth/Ageing-well industrial/medical world and alliances (e.g.
HL7, PCHAlliance) will also be investigated. Further extensions are envisaged in the future for entirely covering the
eHealth/Ageing-well domain.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
Normative references are not applicable in the present document.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user
with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] European Commission and TNO: "Smart Appliances REFerence ontology (SAREF)", April 2015.
NOTE: Available at http://ontology.tno.nl/saref, SAREF is now extended to Smart Applications REFerence
ontology.
[i.2] European Commission and TNO: "D-S4 Final Report - SMART 2013-0077 - Study on Semantic
Assets for Smart Appliances Interoperability", March 2015.
NOTE: Available at https://sites.google.com/site/smartappliancesproject/documents.
[i.3] ETSI TS 103 264 (V2.1.1): "SmartM2M; Smart Appliances; Reference Ontology and oneM2M
Mapping".
NOTE: Available at
https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/103200_103299/103264/02.01.01_60/ts_103264v020101p.pdf.
[i.4] ETSI TR 103 411 (V1.1.1): "SmartM2M; Smart Appliances; SAREF extension investigation".
[i.5] IEEE 802.15.6 "Standard in wireless Body Area Networks (BAN) from a healthcare point of
view".
NOTE: Available at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7581523.
[i.6] ETSI TR 103 477: "eHEALTH; Standardization use cases for eHealth".
NOTE: Available at https://portal.etsi.org/webapp/WorkProgram/Report_WorkItem.asp?WKI_ID=46025.
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7 ETSI TR 103 509 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
[i.7] ETSI TS 103 378 (V1.1.1): "Smart Body Area Networks (SmartBAN) Unified data representation
formats, semantic and open data model".
NOTE: Available at
https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/103300_103399/103378/01.01.01_60/ts_103378v010101p.pdf.
[i.8] ETSI TS 103 327 (V1.1.1): "Smart Body Area Networks (SmartBAN); Service and application
standardized enablers and interfaces, APIs and infrastructure for interoperability management".
NOTE: Available at
https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/103300_103399/103327/01.01.01_60/ts_103327v010101p.pdf.
[i.9] SNOMED International.
NOTE: Available at http://www.snomed.org/.
[i.10] ETSI TS 118 112 (V2.0.0): "oneM2M; Base Ontology (oneM2M TS-0012 version 2.0.0
Release 2)".
NOTE: Available at
https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/118100_118199/118112/02.00.00_60/ts_118112v020000p.pdf.
[i.11] Continua Design Guideline description.
NOTE: Available at https://www.pchalliance.org/continua-design-guidelines.
®
[i.12] HL7 FHIR Specification 3 document.
NOTE 1: Available at http://hl7.org/fhir/index.html.
NOTE 2: FHIR® is an example of an existing eHealth standard. This information is given for the convenience of
users of the present document and does not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of this standard.
[i.13] CareWare ITEA3 project, CareWare deliverable: D1.1. Use cases manual. 2016.
NOTE: See https://itea3.org/project/careware.html.
®
[i.14] Philips HealthSuite.
NOTE: Available at https://www.usa.philips.com/healthcare/innovation/about-health-suite.
®
NOTE 2: Philips HealthSuite is an example of a suitable product available commercially. This information is
given for the convenience of users of the present document and does not constitute an endorsement by
ETSI of this product.
[i.15] A. Haller, K. Janowicz, S. Cox, D. Le Phuoc, K. Taylor, M. Lefrançois, R. Atkinson, R. García-
Castro, J. Lieberman, C. Stadler: "Semantic Sensor Network Ontology". W3C Recommendation,
19 October 2017.
NOTE: Available at https://www.w3.org/TR/vocab-ssn/.
[i.16] J. L. R. Moreira, L. Ferreira Pires, M. van Sinderen, L. Daniele: "SAREF4health: IoT Standard-
Based Ontology-Driven Healthcare Systems". FOIS 2018: 239-252.
[i.17] L. Nachabé Ismail, M. Girod-Genet, B. El-Hassan, J. Khawaja: "Ontology based Tele-health
Smart Home Care System: OntoSmart to monitor elderly". In Proceedings of CoNeCo 2016,
Zurich, Switzerland, pp. 43-59, June 2016.
[i.18] INTER-IoT, INTER-IoT deliverable: "D2.4. Use cases manual", 2016.
NOTE: Available at https://files.inter-iot.eu/deliverables/accepted/D2.4%20-%20Use%20cases%20manual.zip.
[i.19] INTER-IoT, INTER-IoT deliverable: "D2.3. Use cases manual", 2016.
NOTE: Available at https://files.inter-iot.eu/deliverables/accepted/D2.3%20-%20INTER-
IoT%20Requirements%20and%20Business%20Analysis.pdf.
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8 ETSI TR 103 509 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
[i.20] Abbott, T.E.F., et al., Pre-hospital National Early Warning Score (NEWS) is associated with
in-hospital mortality and critical care unit admission: "A cohort study". Annals of Medicine and
Surgery, 2018. 27: p. 17-21.
[i.21] ETSI TS 103 410-8: "SmartM2M; Extension to SAREF; Part 8: eHealth/Ageing-well Domain".
NOTE: Available at https://portal.etsi.org/webapp/WorkProgram/Report_WorkItem.asp?WKI_ID=51404.
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply:
metadata: data about data
ontology: formal specification of a conceptualization
NOTE1: It can be viewed as the extension of metadata with the data environment view.
NOTE 2: It is used to explicitly capture the semantics of a certain reality.
semantic: meaning of data
3.2 Symbols
Void.
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AAL Ambient Assisted Living
AHA Active and Healthy Ageing
AIOTES ACTIVAGE IoT Ecosystem Suite
AIOTI Alliance for the Internet of Things Innovation
API Application Programming Interface
ARIB Association of Radio Industries and Businesses
ATIS Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions
AVPU Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unresponsive
BAN Body Area Network
BP Blood Pressure
bpm beats per minute
BSN Body Sensor Network
CCSA China Communications Standards Association
CPS Cyber-Physical System
DAM Daily Activity Monitoring
DICOM Digital Imaging and COmmunications in Medicine
DUL DOLCE+DnS UltraLite
ECG ElectroCardioGram
EHAW eHealth/Ageing-Well
EHPAD Etablissement d'Hébergement pour Personnes Agées Dépendantes
EHR Electronic Health Record
EIP European Innovation Partnership
EMT EMergency Trigger
EP ETSI Project
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
EU European Union
EWS Early Warning System
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9 ETSI TR 103 509 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
EXP EXercise Promotion
FHIR Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources
GDPR General Data Protection Regulation
GEN GENeral
HL7 Health Level Seven international
HR Heart Rate
HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
ICT Information and Communication Technology
IHE Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise
IoT Internet of Things
JSON JavaScript Object Notation
LE Low Energy
LSP Large Scale Pilot
MAC Medium Access Control
MDP Mental Decline Prevention
MOH Monitoring Outside Home
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
OGC Open Geospatial Consortium
OHS Office d'Hygiène Sociale
ONT ONTological category
OWL Ontology Web Language
PCHAlliance Personal Connected Health Alliance
PHD Personal Health Device
PSI Prevention of Social Isolation
QoL Quality of Life
QUDT Quantities, Units, Dimensions and Types
RDF Resource Description Framework
REST Representational State Transfer
SAO Stream Annotation Ontology
SAREF Smart Appliances REFerence ontology
SAREF4EHAW SAREF extension for eHealth/Ageing-Well
SDO Standards Development Organization
SEMIOTICS Smart End-to-end Massive IoT Interoperability, Connectivity and Security
ShEx Shape Expressions
SIL Semantic Interoperability Layer
®
SNOMED CT SNOMED Clinical Terms
SOSA Sensing, Observation, Sampling and Actuation
SPARQL SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language
SSN Semantic Sensor Network
STF Special Task Force
STM Support for Transportation and Mobility
SWE Sensor Web Enablement
TC Technical Committee
TIA Telecommunications Industry Association
TR Technical Report
TS Technical Specification
TSDSI Telecommunications Standards Development Society India
TTA Telecommunications Technology Association
TTC Telecommunication Technology Committee
TV TeleVision
UCC Under Chronic Conditions
USA United State of America
VoID Vocabulary of Interlinked Datasets
W3C World Wide Web Consortium
WG Working Group
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4 SAREF extension for eHealth/Ageing-well domain
SAREF [i.1] is a reference ontology for IoT created in close interaction with the industry during a study requested by
the European Commission in 2015 [i.2] and subsequently transferred into an ETSI Technical Specification [i.3].
SAREF contains core concepts that are common to several IoT domains and, to be able to handle specific data elements
for a certain domain, dedicated extensions of SAREF can be created. Each domain can have one or more extensions,
depending on the complexity of the domain. As a reference ontology, SAREF serves as the means to connect the
extensions in different domains. The earlier document ETSI TR 103 411 [i.4] specifies the rationale and methodology
used to create, publish and maintain the SAREF extensions.
The present document specifies the requirements for an initial SAREF extension for eHealth/Ageing-well. This initial
SAREF extension will be based on a limited set of use cases and existing data models identified within available
initiatives that will be summarized in dedicated clauses of the present document. The work conducted in the present
document has been developed in the context of the STF 566, which was established with the goal of creating SAREF
extensions for the following domains: Automotive, eHealth/Ageing-well, Wearables and Water. This work is expected
to be developed in close collaboration with ETSI, oneM2M, AIOTI, eHealth/Ageing-well related H2020 Large Scale
Pilots and EU projects. However, other initiatives coming from eHealth/Ageing-well industrial/medical world and
alliances will also be investigated.
STF 566 consists of the following two main tasks:
1) Gather requirements, collect use cases and identify existing sources (e.g. standards, data models, ontologies,
etc.) from the domains of interest (Automotive, eHealth/Ageing-well, Wearables and Water) in order to
determine the requirements for an initial semantic model for each of the aforementioned domains, based on at
least 2 use cases and existing data models (STF 566 Task 2).
2) Specify and produce the extensions of SAREF for each of the aforementioned domain based on the
requirements resulting of STF 566 Task 2 (STF 566 Task 3).
The present document focuses on STF 566 Task 2 and the extension of SAREF for eHealth/Ageing-well domain. The
present document sets the requirements of an initial semantic model that will result in a new SAREF ontology extension
for eHealth/Ageing-well, called SAREF4EHAW and to be published in ETSI TS 103 410-8 [i.21] as part of STF 566
Task 3 SAREF extensions series.
5 Related initiatives
5.0 Introduction
Within clause 5 of the present document, some of the main related initiatives in term of modelling and standardization
in the eHealth/Ageing-well domain are reviewed. Existing efforts range from national or international standards to
rather specific models used in certain software solutions provided by industrial/medical world actors. Therefore, the
potential stakeholders identified for this SAREF extension might be classified as: public administrations, associations
related to the Internet of Things and eHealth/Ageing-well, European projects and Large Scale Pilots, standardization
bodies and alliances related to the Internet of Things and eHealth/Ageing-well domain, as well as industrial/medical
world and alliances initiatives of the eHealth/Ageing-well domain. For each type of stakeholder, the initiatives that have
been taken into account are described next.
5.1 Standardization bodies
5.1.1 IEEE
IEEE 802.15.6 Working Group on Body Area Network [i.5]: "A communication standard optimized for low power
devices and operation on, in or around the human body (but not limited to humans) to serve a variety of applications
including medical, consumer electronics/personal entertainment and other." However, only aspects related to radio
technologies and Physical and MAC layers are addressed.
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11 ETSI TR 103 509 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
5.1.2 ETSI
ETSI Project (EP) eHealth should form the 'horizontal' nucleus for the co-ordination of ETSI' activities in the Health
ICT domain. EP eHealth works in close co-operation with all relevant TCs, EPs and SCs within ETSI, 3GPP, and
others. It has in particular the following responsibilities:
• Collect and define the Health ICT related requirements gaps from relevant stakeholders.
• Identify gaps and suggest further standardization activities to fill those gaps.
• Input the requirements, identified gaps and suggested new activities to the concerned ETSI Technical Bodies.
• Develop Health ICT related deliverables in all areas not covered by existing system specific and horizontal
Technical Bodies or other SDO.
• Co-ordinate ETSI positions on Health ICT related issues and represent ETSI externally.
EP eHealth in particular is developing ETSI TR 103 477 [i.6] presenting typical eHealth domain use cases, from their
analysis (actors and their ro
...