ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.KQLþQHUDGLRGLIX]LMRElectromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); VHF air-ground Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for ground-based equipment; Part 3: Additional broadcast aspects49.090On-board equipment and instruments33.100.01Elektromagnetna združljivost na splošnoElectromagnetic compatibility in general33.060.99Druga oprema za radijske komunikacijeOther equipment for radiocommunicationsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 301 842-3 Version 1.1.1SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006en01-marec-2006SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 2
Reference DEN/ERM-TG25-016-3 Keywords aeronautical, digital, radio, testing, VHF ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE
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© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2005. All rights reserved.
DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTM and the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006

ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 3
Contents Intellectual Property Rights.5 Foreword.5 Introduction.6 1 Scope.7 2 References.8 3 Definitions and abbreviations.9 3.1 Definitions.9 3.1.1 Basic reference model definitions.9 3.1.2 Service conventions definitions.9 3.1.3 General definitions.9 3.2 Abbreviations.10 4 General description of VDL Mode 4 ground station link layer.11 4.1 General.11 4.2 Automatic Dependant Surveillance - Broadcast.12 4.3 Traffic Information Service - Broadcast.13 4.4 Flight Information Service - Broadcast.13 4.5 GNSS Augmentation Service - Broadcast (GNS-B).14 4.6 Ground Station Coordination.15 5 Minimum performance specification under standard test conditions.16 5.1 Requirements for ADS-B.16 5.1.1 Information Field Formats.16 5.1.2 ADS-B Request.26 5.1.2.1 ADS-B request format.26 5.1.2.2 Sleep Mode.26 5.1.2.3 Automatic Selection of Variable Information Fields.26 5.1.3 Default ADS-B Reporting.28 5.1.4 ADS-B Procedures.28 5.1.5 CTRL Parameters.28 5.1.5.1 Directory of Service (DOS) message.28 5.1.5.2 Channel Management Parameter.29 5.1.6 Definitions for Compact Position Reporting.37 5.1.6.1 Information Field Offset Encoding.37 5.1.6.2 Information Field Offset Decoding.38 5.1.6.3 Patch ID Encoding.39 5.1.6.4 Patch ID Decoding.40 5.1.7 Encoding of UDATA (udid).40 5.2 Requirements for TIS-B.41 5.2.1 Traffic Information Volume (TIV).41 5.2.2 Message transmission.41 5.2.2.1 Management messages.41 5.2.2.2 Target messages.42 5.2.2.3 Airport operation.42 5.2.3 Message format.43 5.2.4 Management message.44 5.2.5 Aircraft target messages (airborne TIV).46 5.2.6 Aircraft target messages (ground TIV).48 5.2.7 Ground vehicle target messages (ground TIV).49 5.2.8 TIS-B offset encoding.50 5.3 Requirements for FIS-B.54 5.3.1 Message format.54 5.3.2 Meteorological Aerodrome Report (METAR) message.55 5.3.3 Special Observations and Reports (SPECI) message.63 5.3.4 Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS) message.64 SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006

ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 4
5.3.5 Runway Condition (RCN) message.66 5.3.6 Significant Meteorological Information (SIGMET) message.70 5.3.7 Temporary Segregated Areas (TSA) message.71 5.3.8 FIS-B report request message.74 5.3.9 Ground system functions.75 5.4 Requirements for GNSS Augmentation Service Broadcast (GNS-B) message.76 5.4.1 Message format.76 5.4.2 Message Type 1.76 5.4.3 Message Type 2.80 5.4.4 Message Type 4.84 5.4.5 CRC Calculation.90 5.4.5.1 GNS-B CRC.90 5.4.5.2 FAS CRC.91 5.4.5.3 Ephemeris CRC.91 6 General design requirements.92 7 Protocol test procedures.92 7.1 General.92 7.2 Required test rig.92 7.3 Protocol test-suite description methodology.95 7.4 Detailed protocol test procedures.95 7.4.1 Test-suite overview.95 7.4.2 Declarations.97 7.4.3 Constraints.97 7.4.3.1 Abbreviations.97 7.4.3.1.1 Subfield mnemonics.98 7.4.3.1.2 Station addresses and positions.101 7.4.3.1.3 Tables of values for use in CPR test cases.103 7.4.3.1.4 Tables of values for use in content checking test cases.112 7.4.3.1.5 VDL4 Burst formats.146 7.4.3.2 Test cases.187 7.4.3.2.1 Test case macros.188 7.4.3.2.2 Test case descriptions.188 Annex A (informative): Cross reference matrix.242 Annex B (informative): Bibliography.250 History.256
ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 5
Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). The present document is part 3 of a multi-part deliverable covering the VHF air-ground Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for ground-based equipment, as identified below: Part 1: "EN for ground equipment"; Part 2: "General description and data link layer"; Part 3: "Additional broadcast aspects"; Part 4: "Point-to-point functions". The present document is accompanied by an equivalent airborne standard, EN 302 842 [9] parts 1 to 4, covering the VHF air-ground Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for airborne equipment.
National transposition dates Date of adoption of this EN: 18 February 2005 Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 May 2005 Date of latest publication of new National Standard or endorsement of this EN (dop/e):
30 November 2005 Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 30 November 2005
ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 6
Introduction The present document states the technical specifications for Very High Frequency (VHF) Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 ground-based radio transmitters, transceivers and receivers for air-ground communications operating in the VHF band, using Gaussian-filtered Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) Modulation with 25 kHz channel spacing and capable of tuning to any of the 25 kHz channels from 118,000 MHz to 136,975 MHz as defined in ICAO VHF Digital Link (VDL) Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) [10]. The present document considers the additional broadcast functionality required to support ADS-B, TIS-B, FIS-B, and GNS-B services. The present document may be used to produce tests for the assessment of the performance of the equipment. The performance of the equipment submitted for type testing should be representative of the performance of the corresponding production model. The present document has been written on the assumption that: • the type test measurements will be performed only once, in an accredited test laboratory and the measurements accepted by the various authorities in order to grant type approval; • if equipment available on the market is required to be checked it will be tested in accordance with the methods of measurement specified in the present document or a documented alternative approved by the certifying authority; • equipment comply with EN 301 489-22 [2], EN 301 842-1 [4] and EN 301 842-2 [5]. SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006

ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 7
1 Scope The present document provides part 3 of the technical specifications for Very High Frequency (VHF) Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 ground-based radio transmitters and receivers for air-ground communications operating in the VHF band, using Gaussian-filtered Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) Modulation with 25 kHz channel spacing and capable of tuning to any of the 25 kHz channels from 118,000 MHz to 136,975 MHz as defined in ICAO VHF Digital Link (VDL) Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) [10]. The present document is designed to ensure that equipment certified to it will be compatible with the relevant ICAO VHF Digital Link (VDL) Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) [10] and VDL Mode 4 Technical Manual (TM) [1]. Manufacturers should note that in future the tuning range for the ground transceivers may also cover any 25 kHz channel from 108,000 MHz to 117,975 MHz. The scope of the present document is limited to ground stations. The equivalent specification for airborne stations is EN 302 842 [9]. A description of the scope of the VDL Mode 4 system is provided in part 2 of these technical specifications (see EN 301 842-2 [5] clause 1). EN 301 842-1 [4] deals with tests of the physical layer. EN 301 842-2 [5] deals with tests of the link layer sufficient to support broadcast functionality including requirements and tests sufficient to recognize and respond to transmissions associated with point-to-point communication. The present document provides technical specifications for a VDL Mode 4 ground-based transceiver supporting a full Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) capability and, optionally, the additional functionality of either, or a combination of, the following services: • Traffic Information Service - Broadcast (TIS-B); • Flight Information Service - Broadcast (FIS-B); • GNSS Augmentation Service - Broadcast (GNS-B). The TIS-B, FIS-B, or GNS-B functionality in the ground-based equipment is expected to be provided by a TIS-B, FIS-B or GNS-B processor, which could be contained within the VDL Mode 4 transceiver, but could also be housed in a separate physical unit. Therefore to support TIS-B, FIS-B or GNS-B, the minimum functionality demanded of a basic VDL Mode 4 ground-based transceiver unit (i.e. one that does not have a TIS-B, FIS-B or GNS-B processor housed within it) is to receive, from the TIS-B, FIS-B or GNS-B processor, all messages to be transmitted, and to transmit them. In the case of FIS-B there is an additional requirement to receive report request messages (from other VDL4 stations) and to pass those messages to the FIS-B processor. It should be noted that the specifications for TIS-B, FIS-B and GNS-B in the present document represent a first step towards defining these applications, based on the work carried out as part of the NUP and MEDUP Programmes, and changes to the specifications for these services may therefore occur in the future. The present document includes: • references, definitions, abbreviations and symbols are provided in clauses 2 and 3; • clause 4 describes the VDL Mode 4 ground station functionality to support ADS-B, TIS-B, FIS-B and GNS-B; • clause 5 provides performance specifications for the VDL Mode 4 ground station supporting ADS-B, TIS-B, FIS-B and GNS-B Services; • clause 6 provides general design requirements; • clause 7 provide protocol tests which emphasis the ADS-B, TIS-B, FIS-B and GNS-B functions of the system; • clause A provides a detailed cross-reference to the relevant requirements contained in [1]; • clause B provides a bibliography; • a document history. SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006

ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 8
Note that the system can support a very wide range of functions. It is not practical to provide specific tests for all aspects of functionality. The approach used is to provide detailed tests for the core functionality to support ADS-B, FIS-B, TIS-B and GNS-B focusing on the system requirements which, if wrongly implemented, could cause a deterioration in the service offered by other VDL Mode 4 stations.
Mandating and Recommendation Phrases a) "Shall":
the use of the word "Shall" indicates a mandated criterion; i.e. compliance with the particular procedure or specification is mandatory and no alternative may be applied. b) "Should":
the use of the word "Should" (and phrases such as "It is recommended that.", etc.) indicates that though the procedure or criterion is regarded as the preferred option, alternative procedures, specifications or criteria may be applied, provided that the manufacturer, installer or tester can provide information or data to adequately support and justify the alternative. 2 References The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. • References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. • For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. • For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference. [1] ICAO Doc 9816 (First Edition 2004): "Manual on VHF Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4, Part 2, Detailed Technical Specifications". [2] ETSI EN 301 489-22: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services; Part 22: Specific conditions for ground based VHF aeronautical mobile and fixed radio equipment". [3] RTCA DO-242A: "Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards for Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B)". [4] ETSI EN 301 842-1: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); VHF air-ground Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for ground-based equipment; Part 1: EN for ground equipment". [5] ETSI EN 301 842-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); VHF air-ground Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for ground-based equipment; Part 2: General description and data link layer". [6] ETSI EN 301 842-4: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); VHF air-ground Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for ground-based equipment; Part 4: Point-to-point functions". [7] Amendments 76 and 77 to Volume I of Annex 10 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation, International Civil Aviation Organization: Appendix B-B2, 3.6 Ground-based augmentation system (GBAS)". [8] Eurocae ED-114 (September 2003): "Minimum Operational Performance Specification for Global Navigation Satellite Ground Based Augmentation System Ground Equipment to Support Category I Operations". SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006

ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 9
[9] ETSI EN 302 842 (all parts): "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); VHF air-ground and air-air Digital Link (VDL) Mode 4 radio equipment; Technical characteristics and methods of measurement for aeronautical mobile (airborne) equipment". [10] ICAO Standards and Recommended Practices: "Annex 10 to the Convention of International Civil Aviation", Volume III, Part I, Chapter 6. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions 3.1.1 Basic reference model definitions See EN 301 842-2 [5], clause 3.1.1. 3.1.2 Service conventions definitions See EN 301 842-2 [5], clause 3.1.2. 3.1.3 General definitions For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in EN 301 842-1 [4], clause 3.1.3, EN 301 842-2 [5], clause 3.1.3 and the following apply: Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B): surveillance application transmitting parameters, such as position, track, ground speed and time via a broadcast mode data link for use by any air and ground users requiring it NOTE: ADS-B is a surveillance service based on aircraft self-determination of position/velocity/time and automatic, periodic, broadcast of this information along with auxiliary data such as aircraft identity (ID), intent information and communications control parameters, etc. ADS-B is intended to support multiple high-level applications and associated services such as cockpit display of traffic information, traffic alert and collision avoidance functionality, enhanced traffic management in the air and on the ground, search and rescue support and others. Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS): report generated by a ground station that includes weather conditions, operating procedures, runways and approaches in use, and any other information that may affect the departure, runway, and landing phase of flight Flight Information Service - Broadcast (FIS-B): uplink broadcast application providing local airborne traffic with information GNSS Augmentation Service - Broadcast (GNS-B): uplink broadcast application providing aircraft with GNSS augmentation and integrity data METeorological Aerodrome Report (METAR): report generated by a ground station that broadcasts meteorological conditions at aerodromes, officially recoded and communicated at regular intervals SIGnificant METeorological Information (SIGMET): report generated by a ground station that broadcasts information about weather phenomena that may have an impact on aircraft at subsonic, transonic and supersonic cruising levels including thunderstorms, cyclones, turbulence and icing SPECIal observations and reports (SPECI): report generated by a ground station that is issued when meteorological conditions change sufficiently to affect aviation operations. The SPECI report contains the same information as a METAR Traffic Information Service - Broadcast (TIS-B): uplink surveillance service that derives traffic information from one or more ground surveillance sources and broadcasts that information to suitably equipped aircraft or surface vehicles SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006

ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 10 Traffic Information Volume (TIV): volume of airspace for which surveillance information is provided for all targets NOTE: Inside the TIV, a pilot knows he can rely on the surveillance picture presented to him; outside the TIV, ADS-B reports may be received but TIS-B reports may not be available. 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: A/A Air/Air communications
A/G Air/Ground communications ADS-B Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast AM(R)S Aeronautical Mobile (Route) Service ATIS Automatic Terminal Information Service ATN Aeronautical Telecommunication Network CCI Co-Channel Interference CPR Compact Position Reporting CRC Cyclic Redundancy Code dB deciBel DLE Data Link Entity DLPDU Data Link Protocol Data Unit DLS Data Link Service DOS Directory Of Services erid Extended reservation ID EUROCAE EURopean Organization for Civil Aviation Equipment FAS Final Approach Segment FIS-B Flight Information Service - Broadcast FOM Figure Of Merit FPAP Flight Path Alignment Point FTP Fictitious Threshold Point
GBAS Ground-Based Augmentation System GCID GNS-B Continuity / Integrity Designator GFSK Gaussian filtered Frequency Shift Keying GLONASS GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (Russian system) GNS-B GNSS augmentation Service - Broadcast GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System GPA Glide Path Angle GPS Global Positioning System GRAS Ground-based Regional Augmentation System GSC Global Signalling Channel hex hexadecimal IA-5 International Alphabet 5 ICAO International Civil Aviation Organization ID IDentity INFO INFOrmation (DLPDU) ISO International Organization for Standardization LCI Logical Channel Identifier LME Link Management Entity LTP Landing Threshold Point MAC Media Access Control MASPS Minimum Aviation System Performance Standards MEDUP MEDiterranean Update Programme METAR METeorological Aerodrome Report MOPS Minimum Operational Performance Specification NEAN North European ADS-B Network NM Nautical Mile NUP NEAN Update Programme OSI Open Systems Interconnection PCO Point of Control and Observation PRN Pseudo Random Noise RCN Runway Condition SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006

ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 11 RF Radio Frequency rid reservation ID SARPs Standards And Recommended Practices SBAS Space-Based Augmentation System SIGMET SIGnificant METeorological event SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio SPECI SPECIal observations and reports TCH Threshold Crossing Height TCP Trajectory Change Point TIS-B Traffic Information Service Broadcast TIV Traffic Information Volume TTCN Tree and Tabular Combined Notation TV Transmission Volume UTC Universal Time Coordinated VDL VHF Digital Link VHF Very High Frequency VME VDL Management Entity VSS VDL Mode 4 Specific Services WGS 84 World Geodetic System 1984 In the tables included in the present document to illustrate the format of bursts, the following order is implied: a) bit order in each burst subfield shall be indicated by subscript numbers. Bit 1 shall indicate the least significant bit; and b) bits shall be transmitted octet by octet, starting with the first octet in each table, and within each octet the rightmost bit (as shown in the tables) shall be transmitted first. 4 General description of VDL Mode 4 ground station link layer 4.1 General A description of VDL Mode 4 is provided in EN 301 842-1 [4]. This clause provides a description of the assumptions made in the derivation of the requirements for the VDL Mode 4 ground station. In most respects, the VDL Mode 4 ground station follows the provisions of the ICAO standards material for VDL Mode 4. Within the ICAO standard, there are some requirements that apply explicitly only to airborne stations. A number of other requirements will also not apply because of the assumed services provided by the ground station. For example, it is assumed that the ground station will have no need to support net entry on a timescale shorter than one minute. The assumed services are provided by the ground station and the impact on the requirements is summarized in the rest of clause 4. The scope of the present document is for a ground station supporting broadcast applications. Hence the ability to support point-to-point communication is not included in the present document. Those requirements are presented in EN 301 842-4 [6]. Note that, although certain protocols will not be used by the ground station, the ability to recognize the use by mobiles of these protocols and to respond in a consistent manner is a ground station requirement and is included in the present document. SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006

ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 12 4.2 Automatic Dependant Surveillance - Broadcast Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B) is a surveillance application in which aircraft, vehicles and ground stations broadcast their identity, position, velocity, time, intent and other information, enabling other aircraft, vehicles and ground stations to develop a surveillance picture. ADS-B relies on the regular and frequent transmission of position reports via a broadcast data link. The position reports are sent periodically by the aircraft with no intervention from the ground. Position reports may be received by any recipient in range of the transmitting aircraft. Recipients may be other aircraft, ground vehicles, or fixed ground sites. ADS-B offers data delivery from aircraft-to-aircraft or from aircraft-to-ground. Transmitting data directly from air-to-air means that there is no need for a ground infrastructure to be present for airborne surveillance to be performed. By using position reports received from surrounding aircraft, a traffic surveillance picture can be generated in the cockpits of all aircraft. This potentially allows new applications or new manoeuvres to be performed by pilots. The transmitting aircraft does not know which, if any, recipients are receiving and processing the position reports. Unlike a point-to-point link, position reports are not acknowledged. The concept with ADS-B is that position reports are transmitted so frequently that the loss of a small number of position reports is not operationally significant. ADS-B messages are broadcast and received by appropriately equipped participant subsystems. ADS-B subsystems include aircraft, vehicle, and ground subsystems. The capabilities of participant subsystems will vary based upon class of equipage. The ADS-B aircraft subsystem may interact with other onboard systems such as flight management systems, pilot display equipment and the aircraft navigation system. The ADS-B ground subsystem may interact with other ground systems such as flight data processing systems, ATM applications and controller display processing equipment. If received by a data acquisition unit, the position report will be processed with other surveillance data and may be forwarded to a controller/pilot display. Ground stations play an active part in the ADS-B application by broadcasting their own position (the information is used by other stations in selecting transmission slots. In addition: • Ground Stations receive and process ADS-B reports form aircraft and other vehicles passing the results to a surveillance server. • Ground Stations may also transmit ADS-B requests in order to control the rate and content of ADS-B reports generated by aircraft and other vehicles. Figure 4.1 illustrates the context for the ground station supporting ADS-B functions. VDL Mode 4Ground StationSurveillanceNetworkADS-BTargets Figure 4.1: Ground station supporting ADS-B functions The requirements for ADS-B are taken from the ICAO VDL Mode 4 Technical Manual [1]. SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006

ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 13 4.3 Traffic Information Service - Broadcast Traffic Information Service - Broadcast (TIS-B) is a surveillance service that derives traffic information from one or more ground surveillance sources and broadcasts that information to suitably equipped aircraft or surface vehicle.
The purpose of TIS-B is to complement the surveillance information provided from ADS-B aircraft to ensure that a full surveillance picture is available to airborne systems. The TIS-B service is provided within an area known as the Traffic Information Volume (TIV), which is the volume of airspace for which surveillance information is provided for all targets. Inside the TIV, a pilot knows he can rely on the surveillance picture presented to him; outside the TIV, ADS-B reports may be received but TIS-B reports may not be available. A TIS-B service either provides a "full surveillance picture" or a "gap filler service". For the full surveillance picture information is provided on all targets, the "gap filler service" information is only provided for targets which do not support ADS-B via VDL Mode 4. TIS-B Ground Stations broadcast two main sorts of message: a) Management Messages: contain information about the TIS-B service and the TIV. b) Target Messages: contain information about aircraft of ground vehicle targets. Figure 4.2 illustrates the context for the ground station supporting TIS-B functions. TIS-BServerVDL Mode 4Ground StationSurveillanceSensorsTIS-BTargets Figure 4.2: Ground station supporting TIS-B functions The TIS-B server generates Target Messages from information provided by surveillance sensors and passes them on to the VDL Mode 4 ground station for onward broadcast transmission to targets.
The specifications for TIS-B as presented in the present document are derived from the TIS-B Service Description developed by the Nean Update Programme (NUP) and Mediterranean UpDate Programme (MEDUP). A reference to the NUP TIS-B Service Description is contained in the bibliography. 4.4 Flight Information Service - Broadcast Flight Information Service - Broadcast (FIS-B) is an uplink broadcast application providing local traffic with information concerning The following message types are supported: a) Meteorological Aerodrome Report (METAR): METAR reports are of meteorological conditions at aerodromes, officially recoded and communicated at regular intervals. Intermediate observations are also recorded and communicated when meteorological conditions change sufficiently to affect aviation operations (see SPECI). b) Automatic Terminal Information Service (ATIS): ATIS reports are broadcasts that include weather conditions, operating procedures, runways and approaches in use, and any other information that may affect the departure, runway and landing phase of flight. SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006

ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 14 c) Runway Condition (RCN): RCN reports include information about the current runway visual range conditions and any other runway condition that may affect the departure, runway and landing phases of flight. d) Significant Meteorological Information (SIGMET): A SIGMET report broadcasts information about weather phenomena which may have an impact on aircraft at subsonic, transonic and supersonic cruising levels including thunderstorms, cyclones, turbulence and icing. e) Special Observations and Reports (SPECI): A SPECI message is generated when meteorological conditions change sufficiently to affect aviation operations. The SPECI report contains the same information as a METAR. f) REPORT REQUEST: The FIS-B report request enables an aircraft to request specific FIS data. The FIS-B service is provided within the Transmission Volume (TV) which is defined as the area in which FIS-B reception is possible. Figure 4.3 illustrates the context for the ground station supporting FIS-B functions. FIS-BServerVDL Mode 4Ground StationInformationSourcesFIS-BTargets Figure 4.3: Ground station supporting FIS-B functions The FIS-B server generates reports from relevant information sources and passes them to the VDL Mode 4 ground station for onward broadcast transmission to targets.
The specifications for FIS-B as presented in the present document are derived from the FIS-B Service Description developed by the Nean Update Programme (NUP) and Mediterranean Update Programme (MEDUP). A reference to the NUP FIS-B Service Description is contained in the bibliography. 4.5 GNSS Augmentation Service - Broadcast (GNS-B) Each ground station will need to support a set of minimum requirements for uplinking of GNSS Augmentation to enhance accuracy and integrity of GNSS. The GNSS Augmentation Service - Broadcast (GNS-B) is intended to support a range of applications such as airport surface surveillance, terminal area and en-route operations, especially at high latitudes where space based augmentation systems is out side of coverage. This function could be provided by a single ground station or as an element within a ground network. The specifications for GNS-B include broadcast of: a) Pseudorange corrections (Message Type 1); b) GNS-B related data (Message Type 2); c) Final Approach Segment Data (Message Type 4). Clause 5.4 of the present document includes detailed message and encoding descriptions. Broadcast rates and type of message are dependent on the applications that should be supported and are not specified in the present document. Figure 4.4 illustrates the context for the ground station supporting GNS-B functions. SIST EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1:2006

ETSI ETSI EN 301 842-3 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 15
GNS-B
Server
VDL Mode 4
Ground Station
GNSS Data
Sources
GNS - B
Targets
Figure 4.4: Ground station supporting GNS-B functions The specifications for GNS-B as presented in the present document are derived from the GBAS specifications included in ICAO GNSS SARPs [7] and from the GRAS Service Description developed by the Nean Update Programme (NUP) and Mediterranean Update Programme (MEDUP). A reference to the NUP GRAS Service Description is contained in the bibliography. 4.6 Ground Station Coordination The overall requirements for a network of ground stations are beyond the scope of the current document. However, each ground station will need to support a set of minimum requirements which would enable it to function as an element within a ground network. These minimum requirements include: a) receiving messages from other elements of a ground network and transmitting these message to airborne stations; b) transferring messages received from airborne stations to other elements of the ground network; c) receiving control messages from other elements of the ground network specifying slots for transmission of particular messages; d) setting up reserved blocks of slots for ground use only; e) maintaining a ground UTC-minute time reference frame for coordination with other elements of the ground
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