ETSI TS 102 929 V2.3.1 (2018-03)

ETSI TS 102 929 V2.3.1 (2018-03)






TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
Speech and multimedia Transmission Quality (STQ);
Procedures for the identification and selection of
common modes of de-jitter buffers and echo cancellers

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2 ETSI TS 102 929 V2.3.1 (2018-03)



Reference
RTS/STQ-267
Keywords
de-jitter buffer, QoS, quality
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3 ETSI TS 102 929 V2.3.1 (2018-03)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Definitions . 9
3.2 Abbreviations . 10
4 Characteristics of de-jitter buffers . 11
4.1 De-Jitter buffers . 11
4.2 Purpose, operation and environment . 12
4.3 External enabling of fixed de-jitter buffers . 12
5 Characteristics of VBD-mode switching of de-jitter buffers . 12
5.1 General . 12
5.2 Detector characteristics . 13
5.2.1 Detector characteristics for frequency range of 2 100 Hz ± 21 Hz . 13
5.2.2 Detector characteristics for dual-frequency tones 1 375 Hz + 2 002 Hz and 1 529 Hz + 2 225 Hz
(Recommendation ITU-T V.8bis) . 14
5.2.3 Detector characteristics for frequencies 980 Hz, 1 180 Hz, 1 650 Hz and 1 850 Hz (V.21). 14
5.2.4 Detector characteristics for 2 100 Hz amplitude-modulated by a sinewave at 15 Hz, 2 100 Hz
amplitude-modulated by a sinewave at 15 Hz with phase reversals, 1 300 Hz and 1 100 Hz (V.8) . 14
5.2.5 Detector characteristics for V.22 . 15
5.2.6 Detector characteristics for 2 100 Hz with phase reversals (V.25) . 17
5.2.7 Detector characteristics for Recommendation ITU-T V.32/V.32bis . 19
5.2.8 Detector characteristics for Recommendation ITU-T T.30 . 19
5.2.9 Noise tolerance . 20
5.2.10 Operate time. 20
5.2.11 False operation due to speech signals . 20
5.2.12 Release time . 21
5.2.13 Other considerations . 21
6 Activation of de-jitter buffer for VBD . 21
7 Activation of de-jitter buffer for 64 kbit/s bit sequence (UDI) . 25
8 Requirements for values of de-jitter buffers . 26
8.1 Fixed de-jitter buffers . 26
8.2 Adaptive de-jitter buffers . 26
8.3 Activation procedure into the fixed mode . 26
8.4 Transition from VBD to Voice mode (Recommendation ITU-T V.152) . 27
8.5 Handling of De-jitter buffer in case of lost or late packets . 28
9 Echo canceller . 29
9.1 Introduction . 29
9.2 Characteristics of an echo canceller tone disabler (Recommendation ITU-T G.168) . 29
9.2.1 General . 29
9.2.2 Detector characteristics . 29
9.2.3 Phase reversal detection . 30
9.2.4 Guard band characteristics . 30
9.2.5 Noise tolerance . 31
9.2.6 Holding-band characteristics . 31
9.2.7 Operate time. 31
ETSI

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4 ETSI TS 102 929 V2.3.1 (2018-03)
9.2.8 False operation due to speech currents . 32
9.2.9 False operation due to data signals . 32
9.2.10 Release time . 32
9.2.11 Other considerations . 32
10 Transmission Requirements for MGWs with respect to voice and data (VBD) and 64 Kbit/s
transparent data service . 32
10.1 Introduction: considerations on de-jitter buffer settings . 32
10.2 Codec Specific Requirements with respect to voice band data (VBD) . 33
10.2.0 Introduction. 33
10.2.1 Roundtrip delay . 33
10.3 Specific Requirements with respect to 64 kbit/s transparent data service . 34
10.3.1 Roundtrip delay and IP packet loss ratio . 34
Annex A (normative): De-jitter buffer Facsimile tests . 35
A.1 Measurement method . 35
Annex B (normative): Echo canceller Tests . 64
B.1 Introduction . 64
B.1.1 Signals used . 64
B.1.2 Preparatory measurements. 64
B.2 Tests with echo simulation at Interface B . 65
B.2.1 Introduction . 65
B.2.2 Tests with test signals based on Composite Source Signal (CSS) . 66
B.2.2.1 Answer tones + C16 . 66
B.2.2.2 Answer tones + first fax frame + C16 . 67
B.2.2.3 Tests with test signals based on the Use of the CI call signal and exchange of CM/JM menu signals
+ C16 . 68
B.2.2.4 Tests with test signals based on DTMF . 69
B.2.2.4.1 Answer tones + D16 . 69
B.2.2.5 Tests with test signals based on the Use of the CI call signal and exchange of CM/JM menu signals
+ D16 . 70
B.3 Tests with echo simulation at Interface A . 71
B.3.1 Introduction . 71
B.3.2 Tests with test signals based on CSS . 72
B.3.2.1 Answer tones + C16 . 72
B.3.2.2 Answer tones + first fax frame + C16 . 73
B.3.2.3 Tests with test signals based on the Use of the CI call signal and exchange of CM/JM menu signals
+ C16 . 74
B.3.2.4 Tests with test signals based on DTMF . 75
B.3.2.4.1 Answer tones + D16 . 75
B.3.2.5 Tests with test signals based on the Use of the CI call signal and exchange of CM/JM menu signals
+ D16 . 76
B.4 Tests with test signals based on the data rate change between V.34 and V.17 Fax Terminals . 77
Annex C (informative): Features of V.17 Fax and V.34 Fax . 79
C.1 Features of V.17 Fax (V.17 Fax Modem) . 79
C.2 V.34 High-Speed Fax . 79
C.2.1 Features . 79
C.2.2 The Recommendation ITU-T V.34 Fax Standard . 79
C.3 The V.34 Fax Connection and Session . 80
C.4 ECM as a Mandatory Feature . 81
History . 82

ETSI

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5 ETSI TS 102 929 V2.3.1 (2018-03)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Speech and multimedia
Transmission Quality (STQ).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and
"cannot" are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of
provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Introduction
The present document describes the characteristics of a de-jitter buffer, including the requirement for in-band tone
activating and other control mechanisms.
ETSI

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6 ETSI TS 102 929 V2.3.1 (2018-03)
1 Scope
De-jitter buffers and echo cancellers have a major effect on voice and data transmission quality in telecommunication
networks. They affect the three service categories of PSTN/ISDN voice, voiceband data (due to PSTN modem and fax
calls), and ISDN circuit mode data. Since the requirements for the settings of de-jitter buffers differ for different
services, the present document describes the activation and mode switching procedures of de-jitter buffers and echo
cancellers, including the requirement for in-band tone activating and other control mechanisms.
It is assumed that the clock accuracy of all elements involved is sufficiently high for application of the present
document.
The scope of the present document is considering de-jitter buffer usage in circuit-to-IP media gateways, such as
residential, access or trunking gateways in context of NGN/IMS.
The notion of circuit relates to a PSTN analog line or an ISDN 1x64 bearer channel.
The current version of the present document contains additional de-Jitter Buffer requirements for the transmission of
V.152, Echo Canceller Tests and de-Jitter Buffer Tests.
The requirements for Echo Cancellers and de-Jitter Buffers in for speech transmission are out of scope in the present
document. These requirements are covered in ETSI ES 202 718 [i.27].
The present document is:
a) applicable:
a1) to circuit-to-IP media gateways and communication services with a gateway interworking function
operating at the level of a synchronous byte-stream, such as:
service "voice-over-IP" (VoIP) without or with silence suppression;
service "voiceband data-over-IP" (VBDoIP); and
service "circuit-mode data-over-IP" (CMDoIP);
a2) to IP-to-IP media gateways for dedicated interworking services between two IP domains, such as:
service "IPDV reduction between two IP domains" with different Grade of Service (GoS) as e.g.
described in Recommendation ITU-T G.799.3 [i.22];
service "RTP IPDV reduction between two RTP domains", which may be subject of an "RTP
transport translator" topology (see IETF RFC 5117 [i.23] and Recommendation
ITU-T H.248.88 [i.24]);
but IP-to-IP media gateways are basically out of scope of the present document due to its focus on circuit-to-IP
gateway types;
and is:
b) not applicable, because de-jitter buffers are not required:
b1) to circuit-to-IP media gateways and communication services with a gateway interworking function
operating at the level of individual packets as atomic units (i.e. an asynchronous packet-stream), such as:
service "facsimile-over-IP" (FoIP) according to [i.7];
service "text-over-IP" (ToIP) according to [i.25]; and
service "data-over-IP" (MoIP) according to [i.26];
b2) to IP-to-IP media gateways in general.
Additionally the present document contains Transmission Requirements for Media Gateways (MGWs) with respect to
voiceband data (VBD) and 64 kbit/s transparent data service.
ETSI

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7 ETSI TS 102 929 V2.3.1 (2018-03)
2 References
2.1 Normative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
https://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] Recommendation ITU-T V.8 (11/2000): "Procedures for starting sessions of data transmission
over the public switched telephone network".
[2] Recommendation ITU-T V.8bis (11/2000): "Procedures for the identification and selection of
common modes of operation between data circuit-terminating equipments (DCEs) and between
data terminal equipments (DTEs) over the public switched telephone network and on leased point
to-point telephone-type circuits".
[3] Recommendation ITU-T G.168: "Digital network echo cancellers".
[4] Recommendation ITU-T V.21 (1988): "300 bits per second duplex modem standardized for use in
the general switched telephone network".
[5] Recommendation ITU-T V.22 (1988): "1200 bits per second duplex modem standardized for use
in the general switched telephone network and on point-to-point 2-wire leased telephone-type
circuits".
[6] Recommendation ITU-T V.25 (1996): "Automatic answering equipment and general procedures
for automatic calling equipment on the general switched telephone network including procedures
for disabling of echo control devices for both manually and automatically established calls".
[7] Recommendation ITU-T V.32 (1993): "A family of 2-wire, duplex modems operating at data
signalling rates of up to 9600 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on
leased telephone-type circuits".
[8] Recommendation ITU-T V.32bis (1991): "A duplex modem operating at data signalling rates of up
to 14 400 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point
2-wire telephone-type circuits".
[9] Recommendation ITU-T V.152 (2010): "Procedures for supporting voiceband data over IP
Networks".
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] Recommendation ITU-T G.164: "Echo Suppressors".
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8 ETSI TS 102 929 V2.3.1 (2018-03)
[i.2] Recommendation ITU-T G.165: "Echo Cancellers".
[i.3] Recommendation ITU-T V.2 (1988): "Power levels for data transmission over telephone lines".
[i.4] Void.
[i.5] Recommendation ITU-T G.131 (1996): "Control of talker echo".
[i.6] Recommendation ITU-T Q.115.1 (1999): "Logic for the control of echo control
devices/functions".
[i.7] Recommendation ITU-T T.38 (2010): "Procedures for real-time Group 3 facsimile communication
over IP networks".
[i.8] Introduction to V.34 High-Speed Fax.
NOTE: Available at: http://www.gaoresearch.com/V34Fax/V34Fax.php.
[i.9] Recommendation ITU-T V.34 (1998): "A modem operating at data signalling rates of up to
33 600 bit/s for use on the general switched telephone network and on leased point-to-point 2-wire
telephone-type circuits".
[i.10] Recommendation ITU-T T.30: "Procedures for document facsimile transmission in the general
switched telephone network".
[i.11] Recommendation ITU-T V.150.1: "Modem-over-IP networks: Procedures for the end-to-end
connection of V-series DCEs".
[i.12] Recommendation ITU-T V.18: "Procedures for starting sessions of data transmission over the
public switched telephone network".
[i.13] Recommendation ITU-T G.711: "Pulse code modulation (PCM) of voice frequencies".
[i.14] Recommendation ITU-T G.1020 (11/2003): "Performance parameter definitions for quality of
speech and other voiceband applications utilizing IP networks".
[i.15] Recommendation ITU-T T.4: "Standardization of Group 3 facsimile terminals for document
transmission".
[i.16] Recommendation ITU-T T.6: "Facsimile coding schemes and coding control functions for Group 4
facsimile apparatus".
[i.17] ETSI TR 183 072 (V3.1.1):"Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols
for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Emulation Services for PSTN Modem Calls".
[i.18] Recommendation G.161.1: "Do-no-harm testing".
[i.19] Recommendation ITU-T I.231.1: "Circuit-mode bearer service categories : Circuit-mode 64 kbit/s
unrestricted, 8 kHz structured bearer service".
[i.20] IETF RFC 4040: "RTP Payload Format for a 64 kbit/s Transparent Call".
[i.21] Recommendation ITU-T Q.931: "ISDN user-network interface layer 3 specification for basic call
control".
[i.22] Recommendation ITU-T G.799.3: "Signal processing functionality and performance of an IP-to-IP
voice gateway optimised for the transport of voice and voiceband data".
[i.23] IETF RFC 5117: "RTP Topologies".
[i.24] Recommendation ITU-T H.248.88: "Gateway control protocol: RTP topology dependent RTCP
handling by ITU-T H.248 media gateways with IP terminations".
[i.25] Recommendation ITU-T V.151: "Procedures for the end-to-end connection of analogue PSTN text
telephones over an IP network utilizing text relay".
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9 ETSI TS 102 929 V2.3.1 (2018-03)
[i.26] Recommendation ITU-T V.150.1: "Modem-over-IP networks: Procedures for the end-to-end
connection of V-series DCEs".
[i.27] ETSI ES 202 718: "Speech and multimedia Transmission Quality (STQ); Transmission
Requirements for IP-based Narrowband and Wideband Home Gateways and Other Media
Gateways from a QoS Perspective as Perceived by the User".
[i.28] Recommendation ITU-T P.501: "Test signals for use in telephonometry".
[i.29] Recommendation ITU-T G.826: "End-to-end error performance parameters and objectives for
international, constant bit-rate digital paths and connections".
[i.30] Recommendation ITU-T V.17 (02/1991): "A 2-wire modem for facsimile applications with rates
up to 14 400 bit/s".
[i.31] Recommendation ITU-T V.27 (11/1988): "4800 bits per second modem with manual equalizer
standardized for use on leased telephone-type circuits
...