ETSI ES 203 199 V1.3.1 (2015-02)

Final draft ETSI ES 203 199 V1.3.0 (2014-12)






ETSI STANDARD
Environmental Engineering (EE);
Methodology for environmental Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)
of Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
goods, networks and services

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2 Final draft ETSI ES 203 199 V1.3.0 (2014-12)



Reference
RES/EE-EEPS14
Keywords
LCA
ETSI
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3 Final draft ETSI ES 203 199 V1.3.0 (2014-12)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 7
Foreword . 7
Modal verbs terminology . 7
Introduction . 7
1 Scope . 11
2 References . 11
2.1 Normative references . 12
2.2 Informative references . 12
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 13
3.1 Definitions . 13
3.2 Abbreviations . 17
4 Void . 20
Part I: ICT life cycle assessment - framework and guidance . 20
5 General description. 20
5.1 General description of an LCA . 20
5.2 Compliance to the present document. 21
5.3 Comparisons of results . 22
5.4 Relationship between methodologies of LCAs for ICT goods, networks and services . 22
6 Methodological framework . 23
6.1 General requirements . 23
6.1.1 Life cycle stages . 23
6.1.2 The goods, networks and services Product System . 24
6.1.2.1 ICT goods . 24
6.1.2.2 ICT networks. 24
6.1.2.3 ICT services . 25
6.1.3 Handling of software . 25
6.1.3.1 General . 25
6.1.3.2 Assessment of software . 26
6.1.4 Operating lifetime . 26
6.2 Goal and scope definition . 27
6.2.1 Goal and scope of the study . 27
6.2.2 Functional unit . 28
6.2.2.1 General . 28
6.2.2.2 ICT goods . 29
6.2.2.3 ICT networks. 29
6.2.2.4 ICT services . 30
6.2.3 System boundaries . 30
6.2.3.1 General . 30
6.2.3.2 The use of unit processes . 33
6.2.3.3 ICT goods . 33
6.2.3.3.1 General . 33
6.2.3.3.2 Goods Raw materials acquisition . 34
6.2.3.3.3 Production . 34
6.2.3.3.4 Use . 36
6.2.3.3.5 End-of-life treatment (EoLT) . 37
6.2.3.4 ICT Networks . 38
6.2.3.5 ICT Services . 39
6.2.3.5.1 General . 39
6.2.3.5.2 Eight items to consider . 39
6.2.4 Cut-off rules . 41
6.2.5 Data quality requirements . 42
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4 Final draft ETSI ES 203 199 V1.3.0 (2014-12)
6.2.5.1 General . 42
6.2.5.2 Specific requirements on data and data sources . 43
6.3 Life cycle inventory (LCI). 45
6.3.1 Data collection . 45
6.3.1.1 General . 45
6.3.1.2 ICT goods . 45
6.3.1.2.1 Use stage energy consumption of ICT goods . 46
6.3.1.2.2 ICT goods data for other life cycle stages . 46
6.3.1.2.3 Energy mixes . 46
6.3.1.2.4 Handling of LCI results for electricity and energy . 46
6.3.1.3 ICT networks. 47
6.3.1.4 ICT services . 47
6.3.2 Data calculation . 47
6.3.2.1 General . 47
6.3.2.2 ICT goods . 47
6.3.2.3 ICT networks. 48
6.3.2.4 ICT services . 49
6.3.3 Allocation procedure/Allocation of data . 49
6.3.3.1 General . 49
6.3.3.2 Allocation rules for generic processes. 49
6.3.3.3 Allocation rules for allocation of support activities between projects/product systems . 50
6.3.3.4 Allocation rules for facility data . 50
6.3.3.5 Allocation rules for transports . 50
6.3.3.6 Allocation rules for recycling . 50
6.3.3.7 ICT goods . 50
6.3.3.8 ICT networks. 51
6.3.3.9 ICT services . 51
7 Life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) . 52
7.1 Impact categories . 52
8 Life cycle interpretation . 56
8.1 General . 56
8.2 Uncertainty analysis . 56
8.3 Sensitivity analysis . 56
9 Reporting . 56
9.1 General . 56
9.2 ICT goods . 58
9.2.1 Total results . 58
9.2.2 System boundaries . 60
9.2.2.1 Life cycle stages, unit processes and generic processes . 60
9.2.2.2 Raw material acquisition . 60
9.2.2.3 Production . 61
9.2.2.3.1 Parts production . 61
9.2.2.4 Use . 61
9.2.2.4.1 ICT goods use . 61
9.2.2.4.2 Support goods use. 61
9.2.2.5 EoLT . 61
9.2.3 LCI results . 61
9.3 ICT Network . 61
9.3.1 Total results . 62
9.4 ICT services . 64
9.4.1 Total results . 65
10 Critical review . 67
Part II: Comparative analysis/LCA between ICT and reference product system (baseline scenario):
framework and guidance . 68
11 General description of comparative analysis . 68
11.1 Need for comparative analysis . 68
11.2 Target systems for comparative analysis . 69
11.3 Principles of comparisons between systems (comparative analysis) . 69
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5 Final draft ETSI ES 203 199 V1.3.0 (2014-12)
11.3.1 First case: comparison between a reference product system and an ICT service . 69
11.3.2 Second case: comparison between two ICT goods or two ICT networks or two ICT services . 70
11.3.3 Common principles . 70
11.4 Procedures of comparisons between systems (comparative analysis) . 70
12 Methodological framework of comparative analysis . 71
12.1 General requirements . 71
12.2 Goal and scope definition . 71
12.2.1 Functional unit . 71
12.2.2 System boundaries . 71
12.2.3 Cut-off . 72
12.2.3.1 General . 72
12.2.3.2 Identification of life cycle stages and items important for comparison . 72
12.2.4 Allocation . 72
12.2.5 Data quality requirements . 72
12.3 Life cycle inventory. 72
12.4 Life cycle impact assessment . 72
12.5 Life cycle interpretation . 72
12.5.1 General . 72
12.5.2 Sensitivity analysis . 73
12.5.3 Uncertainty analysis . 73
13 Reporting . 74
14 Critical review . 75
Annex A (normative): Details regarding the handling of software . 76
Annex B (normative): Modelling of unit processes . 78
Annex C (normative): Support activities . 80
Annex D (normative): Generic processes . 81
Annex E (normative): Part types of ICT goods . 83
Annex F (normative): EoLT processes . 86
Annex G (normative): Elementary flows (emissions and resources) . 87
Annex H (normative): List of Raw materials . 90
Annex I: Void . 92
Annex J (normative): ICT network overview . 93
Annex K (normative): A method for assessing the environmental load of the working
environment . 95
K.1 Purpose of targeting the working environment in the assessment of ICT goods, networks and
services . 95
K.2 Functional unit . 95
K.3 System boundary . 95
K.4 Life cycle inventory (LCI) . 96
K.4.1 Data collection . 96
K.4.2 Data calculation . 96
K.4.3 Allocation procedure . 96
Annex L (normative): Reporting formats . 98
Annex M (informative): Example of an LCA of a Mobile Phone fully compliant with the
present document . 105
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6 Final draft ETSI ES 203 199 V1.3.0 (2014-12)
Annex N (informative): Life cycle stages overview . 137
Annex O (informative): Examples of goods and black box modules . 138
O.1 End-user goods . 138
O.2 CPE. 138
O.3 Network site goods (from base station sites to data centres) . 138
O.4 Examples of ICT specific black box modules . 139
O.5 Site support goods . 139
Annex P (informative): Examples of Networks and Network goods . 140
Annex Q (informative): Energy mix . 141
Annex R (informative): Examples of Allocation Procedures . 142
R.1 Allocation examples for Recycling of Materials . 142
R.1.1 Example of the 100/0 and 0/100 methods . 142
R.1.2 Example of the 50/50 method and combination of 100/0 and 50/50 . 143
Annex S (informative): Example of data quality indicators . 145
Annex T (informative): Uncertainties of life cycle assessments for ICT goods, networks and
services . 147
Annex U (informative): Opportunities and limitations in the use of LCAs for ICT goods,
networks and services . 149
Annex V (informative): Examples for calculating second order effects . 151
Annex W (informative): GWP values 100 year time frame (informative) . 154
Annex X (informative): Summary of requirements . 155
History . 167

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7 Final draft ETSI ES 203 199 V1.3.0 (2014-12)
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