ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)

TECHNICAL REPORT
SmartM2M;
SAREF extension investigation;
Requirements for Wearables
2 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)

Reference
DTR/SmartM2M-103510
Keywords
IoT, oneM2M, ontology, SAREF, semantic,
wearable
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3 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Terms . 7
3.2 Symbols . 7
3.3 Abbreviations . 8
4 SAREF extension for the Wearables domain . 9
5 Characteristic of Wearables . 9
5.0 Introduction . 9
5.1 Wearability . 9
5.2 Personal data protection . 9
5.3 Limited communication ability . 10
5.4 Limited storage space . 10
5.5 Limited power supply . 10
5.6 Intelligence . 10
5.7 Communication capability. 10
5.8 Real-time requirement . 10
5.9 Data precision . 10
6 Related initiatives . 11
6.0 Introduction . 11
6.1 Standardization initiatives and associations . 11
6.1.0 Introduction. 11
6.1.1 P360 - Standard for Wearable Consumer Electronic Devices . 11
6.1.2 IEC 62471 (LEDs and eye/skin contact). 11
6.1.3 IEC 62209 SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) . 11
6.1.4 ISO 10993 (Biocompatibility) . 12
6.1.5 UL 60601-1 (Medical devices) . 12
6.1.6 UL 60950-1 (ITE equipment) . 13
6.1.7 IEC 60065 (Audio-Video equipment). 13
6.1.8 IEC 62368-1 (Combined standard - ITE + Audio/Video) . 14
6.2 European Projects . 14
7 Initial data models/ontologies to considered . 18
7.0 Introduction . 18
7.1 Active Healthy Ageing (AHA) Ontology . 18
7.2 LifeWear Ontology. 18
7.3 MIMU-Wear Ontology . 19
7.4 SSN Ontology . 19
7.5 Other Initiatives . 19
8 Use cases . 20
8.1 Use case 1: Healthcare . 20
8.1.0 Introduction. 20
8.1.1 Remote health monitoring . 20
8.2 Use case 2: Open air public events . 21
8.3 Use case 3: Closed environment events . 21
9 Requirements . 23
10 Conclusions . 25
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4 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
Annex A: Bibliography . 26
Annex B: Change History . 27
History . 28

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5 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Smart Machine-to-Machine
communications (SmartM2M).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.

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6 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
1 Scope
The present document lists the requirements for an initial semantic model extending SAREF for the wearables domain.
This initial SAREF extension will be based on both a limited set of use cases and available existing data models. The
present document is developed in close collaboration with ETSI activities in the wearables and eHealth domains,
SmartM2M/oneM2M, and Wearables related EU projects and H2020 Large Scale Pilots. Further extensions are planned
in the future to cover entirely the wearables domain.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
Normative references are not applicable in the present document.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] European Commission and TNO: "Smart Appliances REFerence ontology (SAREF)", April 2015.
NOTE: Available at http://ontology.tno.nl/saref.
[i.2] European Commission and TNO: "D-S4 Final Report - SMART 2013-0077 - Study on Semantic
Assets for Smart Appliances Interoperability", March 2015.
NOTE: Available at https://sites.google.com/site/smartappliancesproject/documents.
[i.3] ETSI TS 103 264 (V2.1.1): "SmartM2M; Smart Appliances; Reference Ontology and oneM2M
Mapping".
NOTE: Available at
https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_ts/103200_103299/103264/02.01.01_60/ts_103264v020101p.pdf.
[i.4] ETSI TR 103 411 (V1.1.1): "SmartM2M; Smart Appliances; SAREF extension investigation".
NOTE: Available at
https://www.etsi.org/deliver/etsi_tr/103400_103499/103411/01.01.01_60/tr_103411v010101p.pdf.
[i.5] IEEE: "P360 - Standard for Wearable Consumer Electronic Devices - Overview and Architecture".
[i.6] IEC 62471 for LED Lighting Products.
[i.7] IEC 62209 (all parts): "Measurement procedure for the assessment of specific absorption rate of
human exposure to radio frequency fields from hand-held and body-mounted wireless
communication devices".
[i.8] ISO 10993 (all parts): "Biological evaluation of medical devices".
NOTE: Available at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_10993#List_of_the_standards_in_the_10993_series.
[i.9] UL 60601-1: "Medical Electrical Equipment, Part 1: General Requirements for Safety".
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7 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
[i.10] UL 60950-1: "Information Technology Equipment - Safety - Part 1: General Requirements".
NOTE: Available at https://standardscatalog.ul.com/standards/en/standard_60950-1_2.
[i.11] IEC 60065:2014: "Audio, video and similar electronic apparatus - Safety requirements".
[i.12] IEC 62368-1:2018: "Audio/video, information and communication technology equipment -
Part 1: Safety requirements".
[i.13] Natalia Díaz Rodríguez, Stefan Grönroos, Frank Wickström, Johan Lilius, Henk Eertink, Andreas
Braun, Paul Dillen, James Crowley, Jan Alexandersson: "An Ontology for Wearables Data
Interoperability and Ambient Assisted Living Application Development". WCSC 2016: 559-568.
[i.14] Gregorio Rubio Cifuentes, Estefanía Serral, Pedro Castillejo, José-Fernán Martínez: "A Novel
Context Ontology to Facilitate Interoperation of Semantic Services in Environments with
Wearable Devices". OTM Workshops 2012: 495-504.
[i.15] Claudia Villalonga, Héctor Pomares, Ignacio Rojas, Oresti Banos: "MIMU-Wear:
"Ontology-based sensor selection for real-world wearable activity recognition". Neurocomputing
250". 76-100 (2017).
[i.16] Ahlem Rhayem, Mohamed Ben Ahmed Mhiri, Mayssa Ben Salah, Faïez Gargouri:
"Ontology-based system for patient monitoring with connected objects". KES 2017: 683-692.
[i.17] Semantic Smart Sensor Network ontology (S3N).
NOTE: Available at http://w3id.org/s3n/.
[i.18] Jack Hodges, Mareike Kritzler, Florian Michahelles, Stefan Lueder, Erik Wilde: "Ontology
alignment for wearable devices and bioinformatics in professional health care".
NOTE: Available at https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/bdc1/285017f3b09539a0f7034e4c65ab64736c2c.pdf.
[i.19] PwC: "The Wearable Life 2.0".
NOTE: Available at https://www.pwc.nl/nl/assets/documents/pwc-the-wearable-life-2-0.pdf.
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Terms
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms apply:
metadata: data about data
ontology: formal specification of a conceptualization
NOTE 1: It can be viewed as the extension of metadata with the data environment view.
NOTE 2: It is used to explicitly capture the semantics of a certain reality.
semantic: meaning of data
3.2 Symbols
Void.
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8 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
4G fourth generation of broadband cellular network technology
AHA Active Healthy Ageing
AIOTI Alliance for the Internet of Things Innovation
API Application Program Interface
BT Body Temperature
CBT Core Body Temperature
CIE Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (International Commission on Illumination)
COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
DOLCE Descriptive Ontology for Linguistic and Cognitive Engineering
DUL DOLCE Ultra Lite
ECG Electrocardiogram
EN European Standard
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
GPS Global Positioning System
GPU Graphical Processing Unit
IEC International Electrotechnical Commission
IoT Internet of Things
IP In Person
ISO International Organization for Standardization
IT Information Technology
ITE Information Technology Equipment
IWHP Inuheat Wearable Heating Platform
LED Light-Emitting Diode
LifeWear Lifestyle with Wearables
MIMU Magnetic and Inertial Measurement Unit
NB-IoT Narrowband-IoT
NFC Near Field Communication
OGC Open Geospatial Consortium
OWL Ontology Web Language
PA Public Address
PA system Public Address system
RF Radio Frequency
RGB-D Red Green Blue-Depth
S3N Semantic Smart Sensor Network
SAR Specific Absorption Rate
SAREF Smart Applications REFerence ontology
SAREF4WEAR SAREF extension for Wearables
SCI Spinal Cord Injured
SSN Semantic Sensor Network
STF Special Task Force
SWE Sensor Web Enablement
TR Technical Report
TRL Technology Readiness Level
TS Technical Specification
TSi Think Silicon S.A.
UI User Interface
UL Underwriters Laboratories standard
USB Universal Serial Bus
UWB Ultra Wide Band
WEAR Wearable technologists Engage with Artists for Responsible innovation
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4 SAREF extension for the Wearables domain
SAREF [i.1] is a reference ontology for IoT created in close interaction with the industry during a study requested by
the European Commission in 2015 [i.2] and subsequently transferred into ETSI TS 103 264 [i.3]. SAREF contains core
concepts that are common to several IoT domains and, to be able to handle specific data elements for a certain domain,
dedicated extensions of SAREF can be created. Each domain can have one or more extensions, depending on the
complexity of the domain. As a reference ontology, SAREF serves as the means to connect the extensions in different
domains. The earlier document ETSI TR 103 411 [i.4] specifies the rationale and methodology used to create, publish
and maintain the SAREF extensions.
The present document specifies the requirements for an initial SAREF extension for Wearables. This initial SAREF
extension will be based on a limited set of use cases and existing data models identified within available initiatives that
will be summarized in dedicated clauses of the present document. The work conducted in the present document has
been developed in the context of the STF 566 (see https://portal.etsi.org/STF/STFs/STFHomePages/STF566.aspx),
which was established with the goal of creating SAREF extensions for the following domains: Automotive,
eHealth/Ageing-well, Wearables and Water. This work is expected to be developed in close collaboration with ETSI,
oneM2M, AIOTI, Wearables related H2020 Large Scale Pilots and EU projects. However, other initiatives coming from
Wearables industrial world and alliances will also be investigated.
STF 566 consists of the following two main tasks:
1) Gather requirements, collect use cases and identify existing sources (e.g. standards, data models, ontologies,
etc.) from the domains of interest (Automotive, eHealth/Ageing-well, Wearables and Water) in order to
determine the requirements for an initial semantic model for each of the aforementioned domains, based on at
least 2 use cases and existing data models (STF 566 Task 2).
2) Specify and produce the extensions of SAREF for each of the aforementioned domain based on the
requirements resulting of STF 566 Task 2 (STF 566 Task 3).
The present document focuses on STF 566 Task 2 and the extension of SAREF for Wearables domain. The present
document sets the requirements of an initial semantic model that will result in a new SAREF ontology extension for
Wearables, called SAREF4WEAR and to be published in a TS document as part of STF 566 Task 3 SAREF extensions
series.
5 Characteristic of Wearables
5.0 Introduction
Wearable devices and services have some common characteristics as the ones listed below. A domain-specific ontology
about Wearables has to be able to model such characteristics in order to be deployable within a real-world environment.
5.1 Wearability
Unlike other devices which are agnostic to the users or rarely interact with the users, wearable devices are carried by the
users and interact with them all the time. Convenience and comfort are the top considerations. The design of wearable
devices needs to be small enough for convenience and portability.
5.2 Personal data protection
Wearable devices and related services collect, transmit, and store lots of personal data. The confidentiality of data is
fundamental for wearable services, while data sharing is essential for the mutual interaction of users within a
community.
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5.3 Limited communication ability
Due to the limitation of size, weight and power supply, wearable devices are not usually equipped with wide-bandwidth ®
network access abilities. Most of them only support narrow-bandwidth connectivity technologies, e.g. Bluetooth , NFC
and NB-IoT.
5.4 Limited storage space
According to use cases, wearable devices have limited storage space.
5.5 Limited power supply
Due to the size and comfort requirements, wearable devices are only equipped with small battery or even use solar or
biological energy, which provide limited power supply.
5.6 Intelligence
As wearable devices can be carried by different users and work in different environments, they need adequate
intelligence to adjust themselves to different usages.
5.7 Communication capability
Due to the variety of wearable applications, the requirements on data transmission and service quality differs a lot.
Corresponding to the requirement of the communication, different wearable centric vertical applications would
probably adopt different communication technologies. For instance, wearable applications that transmit multimedia
content need to transfer thousands more times of data volume than that of position and biological data. Thus, wide
™
bandwidth communication technology, such as WiFi , 4G would be adopted by the former, and narrow bandwidth
® ® ™
communication technologies such as ZigBee , Bluetooth , NB-IoT would be adopted by the later.
5.8 Real-time requirement
The requirement on time delay tolerance of service is a critical requirement of wearable centric vertical applications.
For fitness and positioning application, several seconds delay still can be tolerant, however in healthcare scenario the
latency should be less than 250 ms for non-medical application and less than 125 ms for medical application. IoT
edging storage and edging computing technologies could give great help on timely responding and decision making at
the edge. However, to thoroughly satisfy different levels of the real-time requirements for particular wearable centric
vertical applications, there still needs adaptation on the architecture and detail deployment of the IoT network for real-
time services.
5.9 Data precision
Different applications of wearables have different requirements on precision of sensing data. The data precision of
wearable devices should conform to corresponding standards related to the application areas. Health monitoring
applications ask for high precision of physiological signals. Such high precision needs to be maintained during the data
processing and analysis phases.
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11 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
6 Related initiatives
6.0 Introduction
Within clause 6 of the present document, some of the main related initiatives in term of modelling and standardization
in Wearables domain are reviewed. Existing efforts range from national or international standards to rather specific
models used in certain software solutions provided by industrial world actors. Therefore, the potential stakeholders
identified for SAREF4WEAR extension might be classified as: public administrations, associations related to the
Internet of Things and Wearables, European projects and Large-Scale Pilots, standardization bodies and alliances
related to the Internet of Things and Wearables domain, as well as industrial world and alliances initiatives of the
Wearables domain. For each type of stakeholder, the initiatives that have to be taken into account for SAREF4WEAR
extension are described next.
6.1 Standardization initiatives and associations
6.1.0 Introduction
Clause 6.1 of the present document lists standardization initiatives that are currently active within the Wearables
domain.
6.1.1 P360 - Standard for Wearable Consumer Electronic Devices
The IEEE standard [i.5] gives overview, terminology and categorization for Wearable Consumer Electronic Devices (or
Wearables in short). It further outlines an architecture for a series of standard specifications that define technical
requirements and testing methods for different aspects of Wearables, from basic security and suitableness of wear, to
various functional areas like health, fitness and infotainment, etc.
6.1.2 IEC 62471 (LEDs and eye/skin contact)
IEC 62471 [i.6] gives guidance for evaluating the photo-biological safety of lamps and lamp systems including
luminaries. Specifically, it defines exposure limits, references measurement techniques and the classification scheme for
the evaluation and control of photo-biological hazards from all electrically powered incoherent broadband sources of
optical radiation, including LEDs (but excluding lasers), in the wavelength range from 200 nm through 3 000 nm. This
standard was prepared as Standard CIE S 009:2002 by the International Commission on Illumination. Its application
within the Wearables domain concerns the suitability of the displays of wearable devices.
6.1.3 IEC 62209 SAR (Specific Absorption Rate)
The IEC 62209 series [i.7] is intended to enable the preparation of international standards on measurement and
calculation methods to assess human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (0 Hz to 300 GHz).
Issues addressed within this document are related to:
• characterization of electromagnetic environments with regard to human exposure;
• measurement methods, instrumentation and procedures;
• calculation methods;
• methods of assessing the rate of RF energy absorption per unit body mass for specific sources commonly
called a Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) measurement;
• assessment of uncertainties;
• basic standards for other sources.
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12 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
6.1.4 ISO 10993 (Biocompatibility)
The primary aim of the ISO 10993 standards [i.8] is the protection of humans from potential biological risks arising
from the use of medical devices. This standard combines the review and evaluation of existing data from all sources
with, where necessary, the selection and application of additional tests, thus enabling a full evaluation to be made of the
biological responses to each medical device, relevant to its safety in use.
The ISO 10993 series [i.8] addresses the determination of the effects of medical devices on tissues, mostly in a general
way, rather than in a specific device-type situation. Thus, for a complete biological safety evaluation, it classifies
medical devices according to the nature and duration of their anticipated contact with human tissues when in use and
indicates, in matrices, the biological data sets that are thought to be relevant in the consideration of each device
category.
The range of biological hazards is wide and complex. The tissue interaction with a constituent material alone cannot be
considered in isolation from the overall device design. Thus, in designing a device, the choice of the best material with
respect to its tissue interaction might result in a less functional device, tissue interaction being only one of a number of
characteristics to be considered in making that choice.
Biological testing is based upon, among other things, in vitro and ex-vivo test methods and upon animal models, so that
the anticipated behaviour when a device is used in humans can be adjudged only with caution, as it cannot be
unequivocally concluded that the same tissue reactions will also occur in this species. In addition, differences in the
manner of response to the same material among individuals indicate that some patients can have adverse reactions, even
to well-established materials.
The ISO 10993 series [i.8] describe:
• the general principles governing the biological evaluation of medical devices within a risk management
process;
• the general categorization of devices based on the nature and duration of their contact with the body;
• the evaluation of existing relevant data from all sources;
• the identification of gaps in the available data set on the basis of a risk analysis;
• the identification of additional data sets necessary to analyse the biological safety of the medical device;
• the assessment of the biological safety of the medical device.
The ISO 10993 series [i.8] do not cover testing of materials and devices that do not come into direct or indirect contact
with the patient's body, nor do they cover biological hazards arising from any mechanical failure.
6.1.5 UL 60601-1 (Medical devices)
Aware of the need and the urgency for a standard covering electrical equipment used in medical practice, the majority
of National Committees voted in 1977 in favour of the first edition of UL 60601-1 [i.9], based on a draft that at the time
represented a first approach to the problem. The extent of the scope, the complexity of the equipment concerned, and
the specific nature of some of the protective measures and the corresponding tests for verifying them, required years of
effort in order to prepare this first standard, which can now be said to have served as a universal reference since its
publication.
The original IEC approach was to prepare separate basic safety and performance standards for medical electrical
equipment. This was a natural extension of the historical approach taken at the national and international level with
other electrical equipment standards (e.g. those for domestic equipment), where basic safety is regulated through
mandatory standards, but other performance specifications are regulated by market pressure.
It is now recognized that this is not the situation with many items of medical electrical equipment, and responsible
organizations have to depend on standards to ensure essential performance as well as basic safety. Such areas include
the accuracy with which the equipment controls the delivery of energy or therapeutic substances to the patient, or
processes and displays physiological data that will affect patient management.
This recognition means that separating basic safety and performance is somewhat inappropriate in addressing the
hazards that result from inadequate design of medical electrical equipment.
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13 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
In order to achieve consistency in international standards, address present expectations in the health care community
and align with developments in UL 60601-1 [i.9] this document includes two major principles:
• the first is that the concept of "safety" has been broadened from the basic safety considerations in the first and
second editions of UL 60601-1 [i.9] to include essential performance matters, (e.g. the accuracy of
physiological monitoring equipment);
• the second is that, in specifying minimum safety requirements, provision is made for assessing the adequacy of
the design process when this is the only practical method of assessing the safety of certain technologies such as
programmable electronic systems.
This standard contains requirements concerning basic safety and essential performance that are generally applicable to
medical electrical equipment. For certain types of medical electrical equipment, these requirements are either
supplemented or modified by the special requirements of a collateral or particular standard. Where particular standards
exist, this standard should not be used alone.
6.1.6 UL 60950-1 (ITE equipment)
UL 60950-1 [i.10] is applicable to mains-powered or battery-powered information technology equipment, including
electrical business equipment and associated equipment.
This standard is also applicable to such information technology equipment:
• designed for use as telecommunication terminal equipment and telecommunication network infrastructure
equipment, regardless of the source of power;
• designed and intended to be connected directly to, or used as infrastructure equipment in, a cable distribution
system, regardless of the source of power;
• designed to use the AC mains supply as a communication transmission medium.
This standard is also applicable to components and subassemblies intended for incorporation in information technology
equipment. It is not expected that such components and subassemblies comply with every aspect of the standard,
provided that the complete information technology equipment, incorporating such components and subassemblies, does
comply.
This standard specifies requirements intended to reduce risks of fire, electric shock or injury for the operator and
layman who may come into contact with the equipment and, where specifically stated, for a service person.
This standard also specifies requirements intended to reduce risks from acoustic outputs at communication receivers and
similar devices used for voice telecommunication, regardless of transmission medium (e.g. telecommunication network,
cable distribution network, wireless network).
This standard is intended to reduce such risks with respect to installed equipment, whether it consists of a system of
interconnected units or independent units, subject to installing, operating and maintaining the equipment in the manner
prescribed by the manufacturer.
Equipment complying with the relevant requirements in this standard is considered suitable for use with process control
equipment, automatic test equipment and similar systems requiring information processing facilities. However, this
standard does not include requirements for performance or functional characteristics of equipment.
6.1.7 IEC 60065 (Audio-Video equipment)
IEC 60065 [i.11] primarily concerns apparatus intended for household and similar general use but which may also be
used in places of public assembly such as schools, theatres, places of worship and the workplace. Professional apparatus
intended for use as described above is also covered unless falling specifically within the scope of other standards. This
standard concerns only safety aspects of the above apparatus; it does not concern other matters, such as style or
performance. This standard applies to the above-mentioned apparatus, if designed to be connected to the or similar
network, for example by means of an integrated modem. Some examples of apparatus within the scope of this standard
are:
• receiving apparatus and amplifiers for sound and/or vision;
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14 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
• independent load transducer and source transducers;
• supply apparatus intended to supply other apparatus covered by the scope of this standard;
• electronic music instruments, and electronic accessories such as rhythm generators, tone generators, music
tuners and the like for use with electronic or non-electronic musical instruments;
• audio and/or video educational apparatus;
• video projectors.
6.1.8 IEC 62368-1 (Combined standard - ITE + Audio/Video)
IEC 62368-1 [i.12] aims to facilitate knowledge-sharing and to alleviate high tech manufacturers' and stakeholders'
concerns with the Safety Standard for:
• Audio/Video Equipment, including professional, and musical instruments;
• Consumer Electronics;
• Information Technology Equipment;
• Office Appliances; and
• Communication Technology (Telecom) Equipment.
6.2 European Projects
MONICA - Management Of Networked IoT Wearables (see https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/206397/factsheet/en).
The SoundCity Project MONICA aims to provide a very large scale demonstration of multiple existing and new Internet
of Things technologies for Smarter Living. The solution will be deployed in 6 major cities in Europe. MONICA
demonstrates a large scale IoT ecosystem that uses innovative wearable and portable IoT sensors and actuators with
closed-loop back-end services integrated into an interoperable, cloud-based platform capable of offering a multitude of
simultaneous, targeted applications. All ecosystems will be demonstrated in the scope of large-scale city events, but
have general applicability for dynamically deploying Smart City applications in many fixed locations such as airports,
main traffic arterials, and construction sites. Moreover, it is inherent in the MONICA approach to identify the official
standardization potential areas in all stages of the project. MONICA will demonstrate an IoT platform in massive scale
operating conditions; capable of handling at least 10 000 simultaneous real end-users with wearable and portable
sensors using existing and emerging technologies (TRL 5-6) and based upon open standards and architectures. It will
design, develop and deploy a platform capable of integrating large amounts of heterogeneous, interoperable IoT enabled
sensors with different data capabilities (video, audio, data), resource constraints (wearables, Smartphones,
Smartwatches), bandwidth (UWB, M2M), costs (professional, consumer), and deployment (wearable, mobile, fixed,
airborne) as well as actuators (lights, LED, cameras, alarms, drones, loudspeakers). It will demo end-to-end, closed loop
solutions covering everything from devices and middleware with semantic annotations through a multitude of wireless
communication channels to cloud based applications and back to actuation networks. Humans-in-the-Loop is
demonstrated through integrating Situational Awareness and Decision Support tools for organisers, security staff and
sound engineers' situation rooms.
WEAR - Wearable technologists Engage with Artists for Responsible innovation (see
https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/206415/factsheet/en). WEAR proposes to bring wearable technology stakeholders to
work more closely with designers and artists across Europe to shift the development of the EU wearable industry,
drawing on the rich European landscape of wearable technology and smart textile stakeholders, toward addressing the
core issues head on within the research & development stages.
XoSoft - Soft modular biomimetic exoskeleton to assist people with mobility impairments (see
https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/200108/factsheet/en). The XoSoft project will develop a modular soft lower-limb
exoskeleton to assist people with mobility impairments. The consortium includes 5 research groups and 3 companies
each with EU project experience in exoskeleton/assistive orthotics development. XoSoft, a class I medical device,
assists people with low to moderate levels of reduced mobility, enabling them to remain active performing tasks of daily
living, which they would otherwise either refrain from doing or could not do. It can also be used in clinics by people
with disabilities such as muscle weakness or partial loss of sensory functions. Being a modular system, it comprises an
ankle, knee and hip which can be use individually or combined and used unilaterally or bilaterally.
ETSI
15 ETSI TR 103 510 V1.1.1 (2019-10)
A-WEAR - A network for dynamic WEarable Applications with pRivacy constraints (see
https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/218402/factsheet/en). The emerging market of wearables is expected to grow
exponentially in the near future, driven by the sales increase of smart clothes, watches, and eyeglasses. The future
wearables are likely to be heterogeneous, operating on batteries, sun power or human motion, and endowed with smart
functions. They will co-operate in a decentralized manner with each other and will be able to reach various
interconnected software and applications. The main stream wearable-based architecture has been applied so far in
wellbeing industries, such as eHealth or ambient assisted living, which might also reduce the costs for care and
guarantee a healthy independent live in the forthcoming older society. As the digitalization and data-based economy are
growing, the exploitation potential of the wearables can easily be expected to increase. Key wearables stakeholder
groups in the future are also smart cities, comprising intelligent building industry and infrastructure, energy-efficient
smart grid sector, public e-Services, and smart transport. Motivated by the opportunities that next-generation wearable
intelligence is expected to provide, the mission of A-WEAR action is to cross-disciplinarily create new architectures,
open-source software and frameworks for dynamic wearable ecosystems, with distributed localization and privacy
constraints.
Smart2Go - Smart and Flexible Energy Supply Platform for Wearable Electronics (see
https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/219473/factsheet/en). The widespread introduction of wearable devices is expected
to be one of the major trends in the next one or two decades. First applications have already entered the market, like e.g.
the smartwatch from Apple or various types of fitness trackers. However, the main booming period is still expected to
happen in future. Health care application, internet of things
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