ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)

ETSI STANDARD
Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS);
The Testing and Test Control Notation version 3;
Part 1: TTCN-3 Core Language
2 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)

Reference
RES/MTS-201873 -1 T3ed491
Keywords
language, methodology, testing, TTCN-3
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00  Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org/standards-search
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the
print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
https://portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2017.
All rights reserved.
TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP and LTE™ are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
oneM2M logo is protected for the benefit of its Members
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
3 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 13
Foreword . 13
Modal verbs terminology . 13
1 Scope . 14
2 References . 14
2.1 Normative references . 14
2.2 Informative references . 15
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 16
3.1 Definitions . 16
3.2 Abbreviations . 21
4 Introduction . 22
4.0 General . 22
4.1 The core language and presentation formats . 22
4.2 Unanimity of the specification . 24
4.3 Conformance . 24
5 Basic language elements . 24
5.0 General . 24
5.1 Identifiers and keywords . 25
5.2 Scope rules . 25
5.2.0 General . 25
5.2.1 Scope of formal parameters . 28
5.2.2 Uniqueness of identifiers . 28
5.3 Ordering of language elements . 29
5.4 Parameterization . 29
5.4.0 General . 29
5.4.1 Formal parameters . 30
5.4.1.0 General . 30
5.4.1.1 Formal parameters of kind value . 30
5.4.1.2 Formal parameters of kind template . 33
5.4.1.3 Formal parameters of kind timer . 35
5.4.1.4 Formal parameters of kind port . 35
5.4.2 Actual parameters . 36
5.5 Cyclic Definitions. 41
6 Types and values . 42
6.0 General . 42
6.1 Basic types and values . 43
6.1.0 Simple basic types and values. 43
6.1.1 Basic string types and values . 43
6.1.1.0 General . 43
6.1.1.1 Accessing individual string elements . 46
6.1.2 Subtyping of basic types . 46
6.1.2.0 General . 46
6.1.2.1 Lists of templates . 47
6.1.2.2 Lists of types . 47
6.1.2.3 Ranges . 47
6.1.2.4 String length restrictions . 48
6.1.2.5 Pattern subtyping of character string types . 48
6.1.2.6 Mixing subtyping mechanisms . 49
6.1.2.6.1 Mixing patterns, lists and ranges . 49
6.1.2.6.2 Using length restriction with other constraints . 49
6.2 Structured types and values . 50
6.2.0 General . 50
6.2.1 Record type and values . 51
ETSI
4 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)
6.2.1.0 General . 51
6.2.1.1 Referencing fields of a record type . 54
6.2.1.2 Optional elements in a record. 55
6.2.1.3 Nested type definitions for field types . 56
6.2.2 Set type and values . 56
6.2.2.0 General . 56
6.2.2.1 Referencing fields of a set type . 56
6.2.2.2 Optional elements in a set . 56
6.2.2.3 Nested type definition for field types . 57
6.2.3 Records and sets of single types . 57
6.2.3.0 General . 57
6.2.3.1 Nested type definitions . 59
6.2.3.2 Referencing elements of record of and set of types . 60
6.2.4 Enumerated type and values . 61
6.2.5 Unions . 62
6.2.5.0 General . 62
6.2.5.1 Referencing fields of a union type . 63
6.2.5.2 Option and union . 64
6.2.5.3 Nested type definition for field types . 65
6.2.6 The anytype . 65
6.2.7 Arrays . 65
6.2.8 The default type . 67
6.2.9 Communication port types . 67
6.2.10 Component types . 69
6.2.10.1 Component type definition . 69
6.2.10.2 Reuse of component types . 70
6.2.11 Component references . 72
6.2.12 Addressing entities inside the SUT . 74
6.2.13 Subtyping of structured types . 76
6.2.13.0 General . 76
6.2.13.1 Length subtyping of record ofs and set ofs . 76
6.2.13.2 List subtyping of structured types and anytype . 77
6.2.13.3 Subtyping of the iterated type of record ofs and set ofs . 80
6.2.13.4 Mixing subtyping mechanisms . 81
6.3 Type compatibility . 81
6.3.0 General . 81
6.3.1 Compatibility of non-structured types . 81
6.3.2 Compatibility of structured types . 83
6.3.2.0 General . 83
6.3.2.1 Compatibility of enumerated types . 83
6.3.2.2 Compatibility of record and record of types . 83
6.3.2.3 Compatibility of set and set of types . 84
6.3.2.4 Compatibility of union types . 85
6.3.2.5 Compatibility of anytype types . 86
6.3.2.6 Compatibility between sub-structures . 87
6.3.3 Compatibility of component types . 87
6.3.4 Type compatibility of communication and connection operations . 88
6.3.5 Type conversion . 88
6.4 Type synonym . 88
7 Expressions . 89
7.0 General . 89
7.1 Operators . 89
7.1.0 General . 89
7.1.1 Arithmetic operators . 91
7.1.2 List operator . 92
7.1.3 Relational operators . 92
7.1.4 Logical operators . 94
7.1.5 Bitwise operators . 95
7.1.6 Shift operators . 96
7.1.7 Rotate operators . 96
7.2 Field references and list ele me nts . 97
ETSI
5 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)
7.3 Decoded field reference . 97
8 Modules . 98
8.0 General . 98
8.1 Definition of a module . 98
8.2 Module definitions part . 99
8.2.0 General . 99
8.2.1 Module parameters . 100
8.2.2 Groups of definitions . 102
8.2.3 Importing from modules . 103
8.2.3.0 General . 103
8.2.3.1 General format of import . 103
8.2.3.2 Importing single definitions . 109
8.2.3.3 Importing groups . 110
8.2.3.4 Importing definitions of the same kind . 111
8.2.3.5 Importing all definitions of a module . 112
8.2.3.6 Import definitions from other TTCN-3 editions and from non-TTCN-3 modules . 112
8.2.3.7 Importing of import statements from TTCN-3 modules . 114
8.2.3.8 Compatibility of language specifications in imports . 115
8.2.4 Definition of friend modules . 116
8.2.5 Visibility of definitions . 116
8.3 Module control part . 118
9 Port types, component types and test configurations . 118
9.0 General . 118
9.1 Communication ports . 119
9.2 Test system interface . 121
10 Declaring constants . 123
11 Declaring variables . 123
11.0 General . 123
11.1 Value variables . 124
11.2 Template variables . 125
12 Declaring timers . 126
13 Declaring messages . 127
14 Declaring procedure signatures . 128
15 Declaring templates . 129
15.0 General . 129
15.1 Declaring message templates . 130
15.2 Declaring signature templates . 131
15.3 Global and local templates . 133
15.4 In-line Templates . 134
15.5 Modified templates . 135
15.6 Referencing elements of templates or template fields . 138
15.6.0 General . 138
15.6.1 Referencing individual string elements. 138
15.6.2 Referencing record and set fields . 138
15.6.3 Referencing record of and set of elements . 139
15.6.4 Referencing signature parameters . 143
15.6.5 Referencing union alternatives . 143
15.7 Template matching mechanisms . 144
15.7.0 General . 144
15.7.1 Specific values . 145
15.7.2 Special symbols that can be used instead of values . 146
15.7.3 Special symbols that can be used inside values . 147
15.7.4 Special symbols which describe attributes of values . 147
15.8 Template Restrictions . 148
15.9 Match Operation . 150
15.10 Valueof Operation . 152
ETSI
6 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)
15.11 Concatenating templates of string and list types . 152
16 Functions, altsteps and testcases . 154
16.0 General . 154
16.1 Functions . 154
16.1.0 General . 154
16.1.1 Invoking functions . 156
16.1.2 Predefined functions . 157
16.1.3 External functions . 159
16.1.4 Invoking functions from specific places . 160
16.2 Altsteps . 161
16.2.0 General . 161
16.2.1 Invoking altsteps . 163
16.3 Test cases. 164
17 Void . 165
18 Overview of program statements and operations . 165
19 Basic program statements . 167
19.0 General . 167
19.1 Assignments . 168
19.2 The If-else statement . 170
19.3 The Select statements . 170
19.3.1 The Select case statement . 170
19.3.2 The Select union statement . 171
19.4 The For statement . 172
19.5 The While statement . 173
19.6 The Do-while statement . 173
19.7 The Label statement . 174
19.8 The Goto statement . 174
19.9 The Stop execution statement . 175
19.10 The Return statement . 176
19.11 The Log statement . 177
19.12 The Break statement . 178
19.13 The Continue statement . 179
19.14 Statement block . 180
20 Statement and operations for alternative behaviours . 180
20.0 General . 180
20.1 The snapshot mechanism . 181
20.2 The Alt statement . 181
20.3 The Repeat statement . 185
20.4 The Interleave statement . 186
20.5 Default Handling . 188
20.5.0 General . 188
20.5.1 The default mechanism . 189
20.5.2 The Activate operation . 189
20.5.3 The Deactivate operation . 190
21 Configuration Operations . 191
21.0 General . 191
21.1 Connection Operations . 192
21.1.0 General . 192
21.1.1 The Connect and Map operations . 193
21.1.2 The Disconnect and Unmap operations . 195
21.2 Test case operations. 196
21.2.0 General . 196
21.2.1 Test case stop operation . 197
21.3 Test Component Operations . 197
21.3.0 General . 197
21.3.1 The Create operation . 197
21.3.2 The Start test component operation . 198
21.3.3 The Stop test behaviour operation . 200
ETSI
7 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)
21.3.4 The Kill test component operation . 201
21.3.5 The Alive operation . 202
21.3.6 The Running operation . 203
21.3.7 The Done operation . 204
21.3.8 The Killed operation . 206
21.3.9 Summary of the use of any and all with components . 208
22 Communication operations. 208
22.0 General . 208
22.1 The communication mechanisms . 209
22.1.0 General . 209
22.1.1 Principles of message-based communication. 209
22.1.2 Principles of procedure-based communication . 210
22.1.3 Principles of unicast, multicast and broadcast communication . 210
22.1.4 General format of communication operations . 211
22.1.4.0 General . 211
22.1.4.1 General format of the sending operations . 211
22.1.4.2 General format of the receiving operations . 212
22.2 Message-based communication . 213
22.2.0 General . 213
22.2.1 The Send operation . 213
22.2.2 The Receive operation . 214
22.2.3 The Trigger operation . 218
22.3 Procedure-based communication . 221
22.3.0 General . 221
22.3.1 The Call operation . 221
22.3.2 The Getcall operation. 225
22.3.3 The Reply operation. 228
22.3.4 The Getreply operation . 229
22.3.5 The Raise operation . 232
22.3.6 The Catch operation . 233
22.4 The Check operation . 236
22.5 Controlling communication ports . 239
22.5.0 General . 239
22.5.1 The Clear port operation . 239
22.5.2 The Start port operation . 239
22.5.3 The Stop port operation . 240
22.5.4 The Halt port operation . 240
22.5.5 The Checkstate port operation . 241
22.6 Use of any and all with ports . 242
23 Timer operations . 243
23.0 General . 243
23.1 The timer mechanism . 243
23.2 The Start timer operation . 243
23.3 The Stop timer operation . 244
23.4 The Read timer operation . 245
23.5 The Running timer operation. 245
23.6 The Timeout operation . 246
23.7 Summary of use of any and all with timers . 247
24 Test verdict operations . 247
24.0 Gen
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2017
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NUPLOMHQMDSUHVNXVRYGHO-HGUQLMH]LN77&1
Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS) - The Testing and Test Control Notation
version 3 - Part 1: TTCN-3 Core Language
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)
ICS:
33.040.01 Telekomunikacijski sistemi Telecommunication systems
na splošno in general
35.060 Jeziki, ki se uporabljajo v Languages used in
informacijski tehniki in information technology
tehnologiji
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

ETSI STANDARD
Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS);
The Testing and Test Control Notation version 3;
Part 1: TTCN-3 Core Language
2 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)

Reference
RES/MTS-201873 -1 T3ed491
Keywords
language, methodology, testing, TTCN-3
ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00  Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org/standards-search
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the
print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
https://portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying
and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2017.
All rights reserved.
TM TM TM
DECT , PLUGTESTS , UMTS and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members.
TM
3GPP and LTE™ are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and
of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
oneM2M logo is protected for the benefit of its Members
GSM® and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association.
ETSI
3 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 13
Foreword . 13
Modal verbs terminology . 13
1 Scope . 14
2 References . 14
2.1 Normative references . 14
2.2 Informative references . 15
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 16
3.1 Definitions . 16
3.2 Abbreviations . 21
4 Introduction . 22
4.0 General . 22
4.1 The core language and presentation formats . 22
4.2 Unanimity of the specification . 24
4.3 Conformance . 24
5 Basic language elements . 24
5.0 General . 24
5.1 Identifiers and keywords . 25
5.2 Scope rules . 25
5.2.0 General . 25
5.2.1 Scope of formal parameters . 28
5.2.2 Uniqueness of identifiers . 28
5.3 Ordering of language elements . 29
5.4 Parameterization . 29
5.4.0 General . 29
5.4.1 Formal parameters . 30
5.4.1.0 General . 30
5.4.1.1 Formal parameters of kind value . 30
5.4.1.2 Formal parameters of kind template . 33
5.4.1.3 Formal parameters of kind timer . 35
5.4.1.4 Formal parameters of kind port . 35
5.4.2 Actual parameters . 36
5.5 Cyclic Definitions. 41
6 Types and values . 42
6.0 General . 42
6.1 Basic types and values . 43
6.1.0 Simple basic types and values. 43
6.1.1 Basic string types and values . 43
6.1.1.0 General . 43
6.1.1.1 Accessing individual string elements . 46
6.1.2 Subtyping of basic types . 46
6.1.2.0 General . 46
6.1.2.1 Lists of templates . 47
6.1.2.2 Lists of types . 47
6.1.2.3 Ranges . 47
6.1.2.4 String length restrictions . 48
6.1.2.5 Pattern subtyping of character string types . 48
6.1.2.6 Mixing subtyping mechanisms . 49
6.1.2.6.1 Mixing patterns, lists and ranges . 49
6.1.2.6.2 Using length restriction with other constraints . 49
6.2 Structured types and values . 50
6.2.0 General . 50
6.2.1 Record type and values . 51
ETSI
4 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)
6.2.1.0 General . 51
6.2.1.1 Referencing fields of a record type . 54
6.2.1.2 Optional elements in a record. 55
6.2.1.3 Nested type definitions for field types . 56
6.2.2 Set type and values . 56
6.2.2.0 General . 56
6.2.2.1 Referencing fields of a set type . 56
6.2.2.2 Optional elements in a set . 56
6.2.2.3 Nested type definition for field types . 57
6.2.3 Records and sets of single types . 57
6.2.3.0 General . 57
6.2.3.1 Nested type definitions . 59
6.2.3.2 Referencing elements of record of and set of types . 60
6.2.4 Enumerated type and values . 61
6.2.5 Unions . 62
6.2.5.0 General . 62
6.2.5.1 Referencing fields of a union type . 63
6.2.5.2 Option and union . 64
6.2.5.3 Nested type definition for field types . 65
6.2.6 The anytype . 65
6.2.7 Arrays . 65
6.2.8 The default type . 67
6.2.9 Communication port types . 67
6.2.10 Component types . 69
6.2.10.1 Component type definition . 69
6.2.10.2 Reuse of component types . 70
6.2.11 Component references . 72
6.2.12 Addressing entities inside the SUT . 74
6.2.13 Subtyping of structured types . 76
6.2.13.0 General . 76
6.2.13.1 Length subtyping of record ofs and set ofs . 76
6.2.13.2 List subtyping of structured types and anytype . 77
6.2.13.3 Subtyping of the iterated type of record ofs and set ofs . 80
6.2.13.4 Mixing subtyping mechanisms . 81
6.3 Type compatibility . 81
6.3.0 General . 81
6.3.1 Compatibility of non-structured types . 81
6.3.2 Compatibility of structured types . 83
6.3.2.0 General . 83
6.3.2.1 Compatibility of enumerated types . 83
6.3.2.2 Compatibility of record and record of types . 83
6.3.2.3 Compatibility of set and set of types . 84
6.3.2.4 Compatibility of union types . 85
6.3.2.5 Compatibility of anytype types . 86
6.3.2.6 Compatibility between sub-structures . 87
6.3.3 Compatibility of component types . 87
6.3.4 Type compatibility of communication and connection operations . 88
6.3.5 Type conversion . 88
6.4 Type synonym . 88
7 Expressions . 89
7.0 General . 89
7.1 Operators . 89
7.1.0 General . 89
7.1.1 Arithmetic operators . 91
7.1.2 List operator . 92
7.1.3 Relational operators . 92
7.1.4 Logical operators . 94
7.1.5 Bitwise operators . 95
7.1.6 Shift operators . 96
7.1.7 Rotate operators . 96
7.2 Field references and list ele me nts . 97
ETSI
5 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)
7.3 Decoded field reference . 97
8 Modules . 98
8.0 General . 98
8.1 Definition of a module . 98
8.2 Module definitions part . 99
8.2.0 General . 99
8.2.1 Module parameters . 100
8.2.2 Groups of definitions . 102
8.2.3 Importing from modules . 103
8.2.3.0 General . 103
8.2.3.1 General format of import . 103
8.2.3.2 Importing single definitions . 109
8.2.3.3 Importing groups . 110
8.2.3.4 Importing definitions of the same kind . 111
8.2.3.5 Importing all definitions of a module . 112
8.2.3.6 Import definitions from other TTCN-3 editions and from non-TTCN-3 modules . 112
8.2.3.7 Importing of import statements from TTCN-3 modules . 114
8.2.3.8 Compatibility of language specifications in imports . 115
8.2.4 Definition of friend modules . 116
8.2.5 Visibility of definitions . 116
8.3 Module control part . 118
9 Port types, component types and test configurations . 118
9.0 General . 118
9.1 Communication ports . 119
9.2 Test system interface . 121
10 Declaring constants . 123
11 Declaring variables . 123
11.0 General . 123
11.1 Value variables . 124
11.2 Template variables . 125
12 Declaring timers . 126
13 Declaring messages . 127
14 Declaring procedure signatures . 128
15 Declaring templates . 129
15.0 General . 129
15.1 Declaring message templates . 130
15.2 Declaring signature templates . 131
15.3 Global and local templates . 133
15.4 In-line Templates . 134
15.5 Modified templates . 135
15.6 Referencing elements of templates or template fields . 138
15.6.0 General . 138
15.6.1 Referencing individual string elements. 138
15.6.2 Referencing record and set fields . 138
15.6.3 Referencing record of and set of elements . 139
15.6.4 Referencing signature parameters . 143
15.6.5 Referencing union alternatives . 143
15.7 Template matching mechanisms . 144
15.7.0 General . 144
15.7.1 Specific values . 145
15.7.2 Special symbols that can be used instead of values . 146
15.7.3 Special symbols that can be used inside values . 147
15.7.4 Special symbols which describe attributes of values . 147
15.8 Template Restrictions . 148
15.9 Match Operation . 150
15.10 Valueof Operation . 152
ETSI
6 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)
15.11 Concatenating templates of string and list types . 152
16 Functions, altsteps and testcases . 154
16.0 General . 154
16.1 Functions . 154
16.1.0 General . 154
16.1.1 Invoking functions . 156
16.1.2 Predefined functions . 157
16.1.3 External functions . 159
16.1.4 Invoking functions from specific places . 160
16.2 Altsteps . 161
16.2.0 General . 161
16.2.1 Invoking altsteps . 163
16.3 Test cases. 164
17 Void . 165
18 Overview of program statements and operations . 165
19 Basic program statements . 167
19.0 General . 167
19.1 Assignments . 168
19.2 The If-else statement . 170
19.3 The Select statements . 170
19.3.1 The Select case statement . 170
19.3.2 The Select union statement . 171
19.4 The For statement . 172
19.5 The While statement . 173
19.6 The Do-while statement . 173
19.7 The Label statement . 174
19.8 The Goto statement . 174
19.9 The Stop execution statement . 175
19.10 The Return statement . 176
19.11 The Log statement . 177
19.12 The Break statement . 178
19.13 The Continue statement . 179
19.14 Statement block . 180
20 Statement and operations for alternative behaviours . 180
20.0 General . 180
20.1 The snapshot mechanism . 181
20.2 The Alt statement . 181
20.3 The Repeat statement . 185
20.4 The Interleave statement . 186
20.5 Default Handling . 188
20.5.0 General . 188
20.5.1 The default mechanism . 189
20.5.2 The Activate operation . 189
20.5.3 The Deactivate operation . 190
21 Configuration Operations . 191
21.0 General . 191
21.1 Connection Operations . 192
21.1.0 General . 192
21.1.1 The Connect and Map operations . 193
21.1.2 The Disconnect and Unmap operations . 195
21.2 Test case operations. 196
21.2.0 General . 196
21.2.1 Test case stop operation . 197
21.3 Test Component Operations . 197
21.3.0 General . 197
21.3.1 The Create operation . 197
21.3.2 The Start test component operation . 198
21.3.3 The Stop test behaviour operation . 200
ETSI
7 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.9.1 (2017-05)
21.3.4 The Kill test component operation . 201
21.3.5 The Alive operation . 202
21.3.6 The Running operation . 203
21.3.7 The Done operation . 204
21.3.8 The Killed operation . 206
21.3.9 Summary of the use of any and all with components . 208
22 Communication operations. 208
22.0 General . 208
22.1 The communication mechanisms . 209
22.1.0 General . 209
22.1.1 Principles of message-based communication. 209
22.1.2 Principles of procedure-based communication . 210
22.1.3 Principles of unicast, multicast and broadcast communication . 210
22.1.4 General format of communication operations . 211
22.1.4.0 General . 211
22.1.4.1 General format of the sending operations . 211
22.1.4.2 General format of the receiving operations . 212
22.2 Message-based communication . 213
22.2.0 General . 213
22.2.1 The Send operation . 213
22.2.2 The Receive operation . 214
22.2.3 The Trigger operation . 218
22.3 Procedure-based communication . 221
22.3.0 General . 221
22.3.1 The Call operation . 221
22.3.2 The Getcall operation. 225
22.3.3 The Reply operation. 228
22.3.4 The Getreply operation . 229
22.3.5 The Raise operation . 232
22.3.6 The Catch operation . 233
22.4 The Check operation . 236
22.5 Controlling communication ports . 239
22.5.0 General . 239
22.5.1 The Clear port operation . 239
22.5.2 The Start port operation . 239
22.5.3 The Stop port operation . 240
22.5.4 The Halt port operation . 240
22.5.5 The Checkstate port operation . 241
22.6 Use of any and all with ports . 242
23 Timer operations . 243
23.0 General . 243
23.1 The timer mechanism .
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