ETSI TR 103 476 V1.1.1 (2017-01)

ETSI TR 103 476 V1.1.1 (2017-01)






TECHNICAL REPORT
Environmental Engineering (EE);
Circular Economy (CE) in Information
and Communication Technology (ICT);
Definition of approaches, concepts and metrics

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2 ETSI TR 103 476 V1.1.1 (2017-01)



Reference
DTR/EE-EEPS65
Keywords
e-waste management,
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3 ETSI TR 103 476 V1.1.1 (2017-01)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 References . 6
2.1 Normative references . 6
2.2 Informative references . 6
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 12
3.1 Definitions . 12
3.2 Abbreviations . 13
4 Introduction of Circular Economy concepts . 14
5 Circular Economy related legislation and standards . 16
6 Circular Economy business models . 16
7 Circular Economy aspects and parameters affecting the environmental impact in different life
cycle stages . 17
7.0 Introduction . 17
7.1 Raw Material Acquisition stage . 17
7.1.1 Recycled content . 17
7.1.2 Use of Critical Raw Materials. 18
7.1.3 Proportion of re-used parts . 18
7.2 Use stage . 18
7.2.1 Durability . 18
7.2.2 Upgradability . 18
7.2.3 Removability. 19
7.2.4 Reparability. 19
7.3 End-of-Life stage . 19
7.3.0 Introduction. 19
7.3.1 Reusability . 20
7.3.2 Recyclability . 20
7.3.3 Recoverability . 21
7.3.4 Refurbishability . 22
7.3.5 Remanufactureability . 22
8 Assessment methods and parameters . 22
9 Examples of actions taken by the ICT industry. 22
10 Reporting . 23
11 Insights and conclusions . 23
12 Suggestions for future standardization activities . 24
Annex A: Observations regarding CE . 25
A.0 Introduction . 25
A.1 Recycling & e-waste . 25
A.2 Recycled content example for metals . 25
A.3 Design process . 25
Annex B: Additional examples of aspects, parameters, indicators and metrics . 27
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4 ETSI TR 103 476 V1.1.1 (2017-01)
B.0 Introduction . 27
B.1 Resource productivity. 27
B.2 Electronics Disposal Efficiency . 27
B.3 Material Reutilization . 27
B.4 Material Circularity Indicator . 27
B.5 RRR benefit rates . 28
B.6 Value-based circularity indicator for recycled content. 28
B.7 Reusability . 28
B.8 Company sustainability assessment model using CE indicators . 28
Annex C: Use of LCA in the context of CE . 29
Annex D: Equation examples . 30
D.1 Cost of refurbishment . 30
D.2 Cost of remanufacturing . 30
Annex E: Reuse example . 31
History . 32

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5 ETSI TR 103 476 V1.1.1 (2017-01)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Environmental Engineering (EE).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Introduction
In order to facilitate a shift to a more sustainable economy, Circular Economy (CE) has been proposed as one of the
main ways forward. In this context, CE combined with Information and Telecommunication Technologies (ICT) could
enable decoupling of economic growth and environmental impact [i.1]. Due to the seemingly scattered understanding of
the topic of CE, and its main aspect Resource Efficiency (RE), it will be necessary to summarize, and then standardize,
the manner in which CE and RE is quantified.
In 2015, the European Commission issued Mandate 543 (M/543), Standardization Request with regard to ecodesign
requirements on material efficiency aspects for energy-related products [i.2] requesting European standardization
organizations to develop needed standards. ETSI EE accepted this mandate for ICT infrastructure goods. However, the
present document was initiated before the Mandate 543 and is not seen as an ETSI TC EE deliverable for Mandate 543.
Nevertheless, the present document is expected to provide valuable input for the Mandate 543 work.
The present document aims to provide an overview of the most important existing aspects, parameters, indicators,
metrics, results, and business models used for estimating the resource efficiency and CE characteristics of ICT
infrastructure goods as input for further standardization.
The present document is intended to provide an aid for all users of CE and RE concepts within the ICT infrastructure
sphere.
ITU-T SG5 (Q13/5) has made preliminary descriptions of RE for ICT goods [i.3], which have been considered in the
development of the present document which focuses more broadly on CE aspects for ICT infrastructure goods.
Furthermore, the Methodology for Ecodesign of Energy-related Products (MEErP) report, as used in the framework of
the Ecodesign Directive (2009/125/EC) [i.2], has been used as background information for materials efficiency aspects.
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6 ETSI TR 103 476 V1.1.1 (2017-01)
1 Scope
The present document investigates current approaches, concepts and metrics of CE and RE and their applicability for
the ICT infrastructure goods. The present document:
1) introduces CE and RE,
2) describes CE as used in the ICT industry,
3) describes existing CE and RE metrics and examples of their use,
4) proposes next steps in CE and RE standardization.
The scope of the present document includes the following aspects: upgradability, reparability, removability, durability,
reusability, recyclability, recoverability, refurbishability, manufacturability. The following additional parameters,
indicators and metrics are included: recycled content, use of critical raw materials, proportion of re-used parts.
The present document was developed jointly by ETSI TC EE and ITU-T Study Group 5. It is published respectively by
ITU and ETSI as Supplement ITU-T L.Suppl.28 [i.72] and the present document, which are equivalent in technical
content.
The present document provides a guide to CE aspects, parameters, metrics, indicators for ICT infrastructure goods.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
Normative references are not applicable in the present document.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
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goods".
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7 ETSI TR 103 476 V1.1.1 (2017-01)
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8 ETSI TR 103 476 V1.1.1 (2017-01)
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9 ETSI TR 103 476 V1.1.1 (2017-01)
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10 ETSI TR 103 476 V1.1.1 (2017-01)
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