ETSI TS 102 887-1 V1.1.1 (2013-07)

Technical Specification
Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Short Range Devices;
Smart Metering Wireless Access Protocol;
Part 1: PHY layer
2 ETSI TS 102 887-1 V1.1.1 (2013-07)

Reference
DTS/ERM-TG28-0427-1
Keywords
protocol, smart meter, SRD
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3 ETSI TS 102 887-1 V1.1.1 (2013-07)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 6
Foreword . 6
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 7
3.1 Definitions . 7
3.2 Abbreviations . 7
4 Overview . . 8
4.1 Introduction to smart metering utility network (SUN) . 8
4.2 General PHY requirements. 8
4.3 Channel numbering . 9
4.4 Receiver sensitivity definition . 9
4.5 PHY constants . 10
4.6 PHY PIB attributes . 10
5 GFSK PHY specification . 10
5.1 PPDU format for GFSK . 10
5.2 Preamble field . 10
5.2.1 SFD . 10
5.2.2 PHR . 11
5.2.3 PSDU field . 11
5.3 Modulation and coding for GFSK . 11
5.3.1 Bit-to-symbol mapping . 11
5.3.2 Forward error correction (FEC) . 11
5.3.3 Code-symbol interleaving . 11
5.4 Data whitening for GFSK . 11
5.5 GFSK PHY RF requirements . 11
5.5.1 Operating frequency range . 11
5.5.2 Radio frequency tolerance . 11
5.5.3 Transmitter symbol rate tolerance . 11
5.5.4 Channel switch time. 11
5.5.5 Receiver sensitivity . 12
5.5.6 Tx-to-Rx turnaround time . 12
5.5.7 Rx-to-Tx turnaround time . 12
5.5.8 Receiver interference rejection . 12
5.5.9 Transmitter accuracy. 12
5.5.9.1 Frequency deviation tolerance . 12
5.5.9.2 Zero crossing tolerance . 12
5.5.10 Transmit power . 12
5.5.11 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal . 13
5.5.12 Receiver ED . 13
5.5.13 Clear channel assessment (CCA) . 13
6 O-QPSK PHY specification . 13
6.1 PPDU format for O-QPSK . 13
6.1.1 Preamble field . 13
6.1.2 SFD . 13
6.1.3 PHR . 14
6.1.4 PSDU field . 14
6.2 Modulation and coding for O-QPSK . 14
6.2.1 Overview . 14
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4 ETSI TS 102 887-1 V1.1.1 (2013-07)
6.2.2 SHR coding and spreading . 14
6.2.3 PHR coding and spreading . 15
6.2.4 PSDU coding and spreading . 15
6.2.5 Forward error correction (FEC) . 15
6.2.6 Code-bit interleaving . 15
6.2.7 Bit differential encoding (BDE). 15
6.2.8 Spreading . 16
6.2.9 Pilot insertion . 16
6.2.10 PPDU Chip sequence . 17
6.2.11 Modulation . 17
6.3 O-QPSK PHY RF requirements . 17
6.3.1 Operating frequency range . 17
6.3.2 Radio frequency and symbol rate tolerance . 17
6.3.3 Channel switch time. 17
6.3.4 Receiver sensitivity . 17
6.3.5 Tx-to-Rx turnaround time . 18
6.3.6 Rx-to-Tx turnaround time . 18
6.3.7 Receiver Interference Rejection . 18
6.3.8 Error-vector magnitude (EVM) definition . 18
6.3.9 Transmit power . 18
6.3.10 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal . 18
6.3.11 Receiver ED . 18
6.3.12 Clear channel assessment (CCA) . 18
7 OFDM PHY specification . 19
7.1 PPDU format for OFDM . 19
7.1.1 Short Training field (STF) . 19
7.1.1.1 Frequency domain STF . 19
7.1.1.2 Time domain STF generation . 19
7.1.1.3 Time domain STF repetition . 19
7.1.1.4 STF normalization . 19
7.1.2 Long Training field (LTF) . 19
7.1.2.1 Frequency domain LTF . 19
7.1.2.2 Time domain LTF generation . 19
7.1.2.3 LTF normalization . 19
7.1.3 PHR . 19
7.1.4 PSDU field . 19
7.2 Data rates for OFDM . 20
7.3 Modulation and coding for OFDM . 20
7.3.1 Reference modulator diagram . 20
7.3.2 Bit-to-symbol mapping . 20
7.3.3 PIB attribute values for phySymbolsPerOctet . 20
7.3.4 Forward error correction (FEC) . 20
7.3.5 Interleaver . 20
7.3.6 Frequency spreading . 20
7.3.7 Pilot tones/null tones . 20
7.3.8 Cyclic prefix (CP) . 20
7.3.9 PPDU Tail Bit field (TAIL) . 20
7.3.10 Pad bits (PAD) . 20
7.3.11 Scrambler and scrambler seeds . 20
7.4 OFDM PHY RF requirements . 21
7.4.1 Operating frequency range . 21
7.4.2 Transmit power spectral density (PSD) mask . 21
7.4.3 Receiver sensitivity . 21
7.4.4 Receiver interference rejection . 21
7.4.5 Tx-to-Rx turnaround time . 21
7.4.6 Rx-to-Tx turnaround time . 21
7.4.7 Error-vector magnitude (EVM) definition . 21
7.4.8 Transmit centre frequency and symbol tolerance . 21
7.4.9 Transmit power . 22
7.4.10 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal . 22
7.4.11 Receiver ED . 22
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5 ETSI TS 102 887-1 V1.1.1 (2013-07)
7.4.12 Clear channel assessment (CCA) . 22
History . 23

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6 ETSI TS 102 887-1 V1.1.1 (2013-07)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://ipr.etsi.org).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and
Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).
The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering Short Range Devices: Smart Metering Wireless
Access Protocol.
Part 1: "PHY layer";
Part 2: "Data Link Layer (MAC sub-layer)".
Introduction
The requirement to wirelessly interconnect Smart Meters is one of the responses to the EC's mandate 441 [i.1] for an
open architecture for utility meters. Short Range Device (SRD) technology has been identified as a candidate
technology to interconnect meters to the Wide Area Network (WAN) Access Point (AP).
The present document is derived from IEEE Std 802.15.4g-2012 [2] (Amendment to IEEE Std 802.15.4-2011 [1]).
The modifications include a restriction of the base document for use in the frequency band 870 to 876 MHz and 915 to
921 MHz.
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7 ETSI TS 102 887-1 V1.1.1 (2013-07)
1 Scope
The present document provides adaptations to IEEE Std 802.15.4g-2012 [2] in order to comply with the European
regulations for Short Range Devices (SRDs).
2 References
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
reference document (including any amendments) applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
2.1 Normative references
The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document.
[1] IEEE Std 802.15.4-2011: "IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks - Part 15.4:
Low Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs)".
[2] IEEE Std 802.15.4g-2012: "IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks - Part 15.4:
Low-Rate Wireless Personal Area Networks (LR-WPANs) Amendment 3: Physical Layer (PHY)
Specifications for Low-Data-Rate, Wireless, Smart Metering Utility Networks".
2.2 Informative references
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] M/441: "Standardisation Mandate to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI in the field of measuring
instruments for the development of an open architecture for utility meters involving
communication protocols enabling interoperability".
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
Smart metering Utility Network (SUN) device: entity implementing the specification defined in the present document
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AP Access Point
BDE Binary Differential Encoding
CCA Clear Channel Assessment
CP Cyclic Prefix
DSSS Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
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8 ETSI TS 102 887-1 V1.1.1 (2013-07)
ED Energy Detect
EU European Union
EVM Error Vector Magnitude
FCS Frame Check Sequence
FEC Forward Error Correction
FSK Frequency Shift Keying
GFSK Gaussian-filtered Frequency Shift Keying
HCS Header Checksum
LTF Long Training Field
MAC Medium Access Control
MCS Modulation and Encoding Scheme
MSB Most Significant Bit
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
PER Packet Error Rate
PHR PHY Header
PHY Physical Layer
PIB Personal Area Network Information Base
PPDU PHY Protocol Data Unit
PSD Power Spectral Density
PSDU PHY Service Data Unit
QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
RC Raised Cosine
RF Radio Frequency
SFD Start Frame Delimiter
SHR Synchronisation Header
SRD Short Range Device
STF Short Training Field
SUN Smart Utility Network
WAN Wide Area Network
4 Overview
4.1 Introduction to smart metering utility network (SUN)
nd
SUNs are as defined in [2], clause 4.1a with the following text replacing the 2 paragraph of that clause.
The Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) PHY provides good transmit power efficiency due to the constant
envelope of the transmit signal.
The low data rate Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (O-QPSK) PHY shares the characteristics of the GFSK PHY,
but provides better receiver sensitivity.
The Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) PHY has good properties in frequency selective channels
and can provide higher data rates.
A device shall implement at least one option of the GFSK, O-QPSK or OFDM PHYs to satisfy the requirements of the
present document.
4.2 General PHY requirements
GFSK PHY: Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK) PHY operating at multiple data rates.
O-QPSK PHY: Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (O-QPSK) PHY operating in a low data rate mode.
OFDM PHY: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) PHY operating at multiple data rates.
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9 ETSI TS 102 887-1 V1.1.1 (2013-07)
The frequency bands for all PHYs are shown in Table 3. The modulation schemes and corresponding achievable data
rates for the GFSK and O-QPSK PHYs are shown in Table 1. The OFDM PHY parameters and data rates are shown in
Table 2.
Table 1: GFSK and O-QPSK PHY parameters and data rates
Data Parameters
PHY
Modulation Symbol Rate Data Rate
Option Symbols Notes
Index (ksymbol/s) † (kb/
...