ETSI TBR 027 ed.1 (1997-12)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-1999
6DWHOLWVNH]HPHOMVNHSRVWDMHLQVLVWHPL6(6.RSHQVNHPRELOQH]HPHOMVNH
VDWHOLWVNHSRVWDMH/0(6NLGHOXMHMRYIUHNYHQþQLKSDVRYLK*+]
Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Low data rate Land Mobile satellite Earth
Stations (LMES) operating in the 11/12/14 GHz frequency bands
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: TBR 027 Edition 1
ICS:
33.060.30 Radiorelejni in fiksni satelitski Radio relay and fixed satellite
komunikacijski sistemi communications systems
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL TBR 27
BASIS for December 1997
REGULATION
Source: ETSI TC-SES Reference: DTBR/SES-00005
ICS: 33.020
Key words: Satellite, earth station, mobile, LMES, MES, type approval
Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES);
Low data rate Land Mobile satellite Earth Stations (LMES)
operating in the 11/12/14 GHz frequency bands
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
Postal address: F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Office address: 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
X.400: c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - Internet: secretariat@etsi.fr
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 - Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1997. All rights reserved.

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TBR 27: December 1997
Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

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TBR 27: December 1997
Contents
Foreword .7
Introduction.7
1 Scope .9
2 Normative references.10
3 Definitions and abbreviations .10
3.1 Definitions .10
3.2 Abbreviations .11
4 Requirements.11
4.1 Unwanted emissions outside the band .11
4.1.1 Justification.11
4.1.2 Specification .11
4.1.3 Conformance tests .12
4.2 Unwanted emissions within the band.12
4.2.1 Justification.12
4.2.2 Specification .12
4.2.3 Conformance tests .12
4.3 Off-axis EIRP emissions density in the nominated bandwidth.12
4.3.1 Justification.12
4.3.2 Specification .13
4.3.3 Conformance tests .13
4.4 ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) .13
4.5 Control and Monitoring Functions (CMF).13
4.5.1 Processor monitoring .13
4.5.1.1 Justification.13
4.5.1.2 Specification .13
4.5.1.3 Conformance tests .14
4.5.2 Transmit subsystem monitoring .14
4.5.2.1 Justification.14
4.5.2.2 Specification .14
4.5.2.3 Conformance tests .14
4.5.3 Power-on/Reset.14
4.5.3.1 Justification.14
4.5.3.2 Specification .14
4.5.3.3 Conformance tests .14
4.5.4 Control Channel (CC) reception.14
4.5.4.1 Justification.14
4.5.4.2 Specification .14
4.5.4.3 Conformance tests .14
4.5.5 Network control commands.15
4.5.5.1 Justification.15
4.5.5.2 Specification .15
4.5.5.3 Conformance tests .15
4.5.6 Initial burst transmission.15
4.5.6.1 Justification.15
4.5.6.2 Specification .15
4.5.6.3 Conformance tests .15
5 Test methods .15
5.1 Unwanted emissions outside the band 14,00 GHz to 14,25 GHz.16
5.1.1 General.16
5.1.2 Test site.17
5.1.3 Test method .17

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TBR 27: December 1997
5.1.3.1 Receive test equipment . 18
5.1.3.1.1 Measuring receiver for measurements
up to 1 000 MHz. 18
5.1.3.1.2 Spectrum analyser for measurements
above 1 000 MHz . 18
5.1.4 Procedure . 18
5.1.4.1 Test arrangements. 18
5.1.4.2 Up to 1 000 MHz . 19
5.1.4.3 Above 1 000 MHz. 19
5.1.4.3.1 Identification of the significant
frequencies of the radiated unwanted
emissions . 20
5.1.4.3.2 Measurement of radiated power levels
of identified spurious radiation . 21
5.1.4.3.3 Measurement of conducted unwanted
emissions at the antenna flange . 22
5.1.4.3.3.1 Test site. 22
5.1.4.3.3.2 Procedure. 22
5.2 Unwanted emissions within the band 14,00 GHz to 14,25 GHz. 22
5.2.1 Test method. 22
5.2.1.1 General . 23
5.2.1.2 Method of measurement at the antenna flange . 23
5.2.1.3 Method of measurement with a test antenna. 24
5.3 Off-axis EIRP emissions density in the nominated bandwidth. 25
5.3.1 General . 25
5.3.2 Static rms antenna pointing accuracy. 25
5.3.2.1 Method of measurement. 25
5.3.3 Measurement of the off-axis EIRP without the antenna . 26
5.3.3.1 Transmitter output power density. 26
5.3.3.1.1 Method of measurement . 26
5.3.3.2 Antenna transmit gain . 27
5.3.3.2.1 General. 27
5.3.3.2.2 Test site. 27
5.3.3.2.3 Method of measurement . 27
5.3.3.3 Antenna transmit radiation patterns . 28
5.3.3.3.1 General. 28
5.3.3.3.2 Test site. 28
5.3.3.3.3 Method of measurement . 29
5.3.3.4 Computation of results. 29
5.3.4 Measurement of the off-axis EIRP with the antenna . 30
5.3.4.1 General . 30
5.3.4.2 Maximum EIRP density per 40 kHz ratio relative to the
EIRP. 30
5.3.4.2.1 Method of measurement . 30
5.3.4.3 Maximum on-axis EIRP . 30
5.3.4.3.1 General. 30
5.3.4.3.2 Test site. 30
5.3.4.3.3 Method of measurement . 31
5.3.4.4 Antenna transmit radiation patterns . 32
5.3.4.4.1 General. 32
5.3.4.4.2 Test site. 32
5.3.4.4.3 Method of measurement . 33
5.3.4.5 Computation of results. 34
5.4 Control and monitoring. 34
5.4.1 Test arrangement . 34
5.4.2 Processor monitoring. 35
5.4.2.1 Test method. 35
5.4.3 Transmit subsystem monitoring. 35
5.4.3.1 Test method. 35
5.4.4 Power-on/Reset . 35
5.4.4.1 Test method. 35
5.4.5 Control Channel (CC) reception . 36
5.4.5.1 Test method. 36

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5.4.6 Network control commands.36
5.4.6.1 Test method.36
5.4.7 Initial burst transmission.37
5.4.7.1 Test method.37
Annex A (normative): The TBR Requirements Table (TBR-RT).38
Annex B (informative): Bibliography.39
History.40

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Foreword
This Technical Basis for Regulation (TBR) has been produced by the Satellite Earth Stations and Systems
(SES) Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
Introduction
The Council Directive in respect of satellite earth station equipment (SES Directive [1]) which supplements
the Council Directive on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning
telecommunications terminal equipment, including the mutual recognition of their conformity
(TTE Directive [2]) concerns the harmonization of conditions for the placing on the market of such
equipment.
Two classes of standards are applicable to satellite earth station equipment. European
Telecommunication Standards (ETSs) give the full technical specifications for this equipment, whereas
Technical Bases for Regulation (TBRs) give the essential requirements under the SES Directive [1] and
the TTE Directive [2] for placing such equipment on the market. Receive-only equipment, not intended for
terrestrial connection to the public telecommunications network, may be put into use. Nothing in this TBR
is construed to prevent the use of Community internal production control procedures as set out in the
annexes to the two Directives for such receive-only equipment. This TBR is based on ETS 300 255 (see
Bibliography).
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TBR 27: December 1997
1 Scope
This Technical Basis for Regulation (TBR) specifies the technical requirements that apply to Land Mobile
Earth Stations (LMES) for compliance with Articles 4.1 and 4.3 of the SES Directive [1].
These LMES have the following characteristics:
- The LMES are operating in one or more frequency ranges of the Fixed Satellite Service (FSS):
- 10,70 GHz to 11,70 GHz (space to earth);
- 12,50 GHz to 12,75 GHz (space to earth);
- 14,00 GHz to 14,25 GHz (earth to space).
Because the transmissions from the LMES to the Satellite in the 14,00 GHz to 14,25 GHz band fall
under a secondary allocation, the transmissions should not cause harmful interference to primary
services (e.g. the Fixed Satellite Service (FSS)) and at the same time cannot claim protection from
harmful interferences from those services.
- The LMES could be either vehicle mounted or portable equipment.
- The LMES could consist of a number of modules including a keyboard interface to the user.
- The LMES use linear polarization.
- The LMES operate through a geostationary satellite at least 3° away from any other geostationary
satellite operating in the same frequency band and covering the same area.
- The antenna of the LMES may be omnidirectional or directional with a means of tracking the
satellite.
- The LMES are operating as part of a satellite network used for the distribution and/or exchange of
information between users.
- The LMES are controlled and monitored by a Network Control Facility (NCF). The NCF is outside
the scope of this TBR.
This TBR applies to the LMES with its ancillary equipment and its various terrestrial ports, and operated
under the conditions which are within the ranges of humidity, temperature and supply voltage declared by
the manufacturer.
The requirements have been selected to ensure an adequate level of compatibility with other radio
services. The levels, however, do not cover extreme cases which may occur in any location but with a low
probability of occurrence.
This TBR may not cover those cases where a potential source of interference which is producing
individually repeated transient phenomena or a continuous phenomenon is present, e.g. a radar or
broadcast site in the near vicinity. In such a case it may be necessary to use special protection applied to
either the source of interference, or the interfered part or both.
This TBR does not contain any requirement, recommendation or information about the installation of the
LMES.
Compliance of a LMES to the requirements of this TBR does not imply compliance to any requirement
related to the use of the LMES (e.g. licensing requirements).

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2 Normative references
This TBR incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of any of these publications apply to this TBR
only when incorporated into it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies.
[1] Council Directive 93/97/EEC of 29 October 1993 supplementing Directive
91/263/EEC in respect of satellite earth station equipment. Called in the present
document the "SES Directive".
[2] Council Directive 91/263/EEC of 29 April 1991 on the approximation of the laws
of Member States concerning telecommunications terminal equipment, including
the mutual recognition of their conformity. Called in the present document the
"TTE Directive".
[3] prETS 300 339 (1996): "Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); General
Electro-Magnetic Compatibility (EMC) Standard for Radio-communications
equipment".
[4] CISPR 16-1, annex G (1993): "Specification for radio interference measuring
apparatus and measurements methods; Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity
measuring apparatus; annex G: Validation procedure of open area test site for
the frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz".
NOTE: This TBR also contains a number of informative references which have been included
to indicate the sources from which various material has been derived, hence they do
not have an associated normative reference number. Details of these publications are
given in annex B.
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of this TBR, the following definitions apply:
carrier-off state: A LMES is in this state when either it is authorized by the Network Control Facility (NCF)
to transmit but when it does not transmit any signal, or when it is not authorized by the NCF to transmit.
carrier-on state: An LMES is in this state when it is authorized by the NCF to transmit and when it
transmits a signal.
Control Channel (CC): A channel or channels by which LMES receive control information from the NCF
of their network.
Externally Mounted Equipment (EME): The EME consists of those of the modules of the Installable
Equipment (IE) which are intended to be mounted externally to the vehicle as stated by the manufacturer.
Installable Equipment (IE): An equipment which is intended to be fitted to a vehicle. An IE may consist of
one or several interconnected modules.
Internally Mounted Equipment (IME): Those of the modules of the IE which are not declared by the
manufacturer as EME are defined as IME.
manufacturer: The legal entity responsible under the terms of Council Directive 93/97/EEC
(SES Directive) [1], for placing the product on the market in a Member State.
nominated bandwidth: The bandwidth of the LMES radio frequency transmission is nominated by the
manufacturer. The nominated bandwidth is wide enough to encompass all spectral elements of the
transmission which have a level greater than the specified unwanted emissions limits. The nominated

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TBR 27: December 1997
bandwidth is wide enough to take account of the transmit carrier frequency stability. The nominated
bandwidth is within the transmit frequency band within which the LMES operates.
Portable Equipment (PE): A PE is generally intended to be self-contained, free standing and portable.
Normally, a PE would consist of a single module, but may consist of several interconnected modules.
unwanted emissions: Unwanted emissions are those falling outside the nominated bandwidth.
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this TBR, the following abbreviations apply:
CC Control Channel
CMF Control and Monitoring Functions
EIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power
EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
EME Externally Mounted Equipment
ETS European Telecommunication Standard
EUT Equipment Under Test
FSS Fixed Satellite Service
IE Installable Equipment
IME Internally Mounted Equipment
LMES Land Mobile Earth Station
NCF Network Control Facility
PE Portable Equipment
RF Radio Frequency
rms root mean square
STE Special Test Equipment
4 Requirements
4.1 Unwanted emissions outside the band
4.1.1 Justification
Protection of terrestrial and satellite services from emissions caused by LMES outside the band
14,00 GHz to 14,25 GHz.
4.1.2 Specification
The unwanted emissions in the measurement bandwidth and in all directions from the LMES outside the
band 14,00 GHz to 14,25 GHz, within which the LMES is designed to operate, shall be below the following
limits:
1) The LMES shall not exceed the limits for radiated interference field strength over the frequency
range from 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz specified in table 1.
Table 1: Limits of unwanted emissions up to 1 000 MHz at a measuring distance of 10 m in a
120 kHz bandwidth
Frequency Quasi-peak limits
(MHz) (dBμV/m)
30 to 230 30
230 to 1 000 37
The lower limit shall apply at the transition frequency.

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TBR 27: December 1997
2) The unwanted emissions Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) above 1 000 MHz, in the
measurement bandwidth and in all directions shall not exceed the limits given in table 2.
Table 2: Limits of unwanted emissions above 1 000 MHz and outside the band 14,00 GHz to
14,25 GHz
Frequency range Carrier-on Carrier-off
(MHz) EIRP limit Measurement EIRP limit Measurement
(dBpW) bandwidth (kHz) (dBpW) bandwidth (kHz)
1 000 - 1 525 49 100 48 100
1 525 - 1 559 49 100 17 3
1 559 - 3 400 49 100 48 100
3 400 - 10 700 55 100 48 100
10 700 - 21 200 61 100 54 100
21 200 - 40 000 67 100 60 100
The lower limits shall apply at the transition frequencies.
4.1.3 Conformance tests
Conformance tests shall be carried out in accordance with subclause 5.1.
4.2 Unwanted emissions within the band
4.2.1 Justification
Protection of the primary services operating in the 14,00 GHz to 14,25 GHz frequency band.
4.2.2 Specification
Specification 1: Carrier-on state
The EIRP spectral density of the unwanted emissions shall not exceed 4 - 10 log N dBW/100 kHz in the
14,00 GHz to 14,25 GHz band and outside the nominated bandwidth.
N is the maximum number of LMES which are expected to transmit simultaneously on the same
frequency. This number shall not be exceeded for more than 0,01 % of the time. The value of N and the
operational conditions of the system shall be declared by the manufacturer.
Specification 2: Carrier-off state
The EIRP spectral density of any emission in the 14,00 GHz to 14,25 GHz band shall not exceed
-21 dBW/100 kHz.
4.2.3 Conformance tests
Conformance tests shall be carried out in accordance with subclause 5.2.
4.3 Off-axis EIRP emissions density in the nominated bandwidth
4.3.1 Justification
Protection of other satellite systems which use the same frequency band.

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TBR 27: December 1997
4.3.2 Specification
For directional antennas the maximum EIRP in any 40 kHz band from any LMES in any direction φ
degrees from the antenna main beam axis shall not exceed the following limits within 3° of the
geostationary orbit:
33 - 25 log (φ + δφ) - 10 log (K) dBW/40 kHz where 2,5° ≤ φ + δφ ≤ 7,0°;
+12 - 10 log (K) dBW/40 kHz where 7,0° < φ + δφ ≤ 9,2°;
36 - 25 log (φ + δφ) - 10 log (K) dBW/40 kHz where 9,2° < φ + δφ ≤ 48°;
-6 - 10 log (K) dBW/40 kHz where 48° < φ + δφ ≤ 180°;
where φ is the angle, in degrees, between the main beam axis and the direction considered. The value of
δφ is equal to either:
a) the rms antenna tracking accuracy; or
b) twice the static rms antenna pointing accuracy; whichever is the larger.
K is the power density ratio between the fully loaded system and a single LMES measured in a 40 kHz
bandwidth.
The value of K, all technical characteristics and the operational conditions declared by the manufacturer
shall be entered in the test report.
These limits apply over Europe, and for the geostationary orbital arc declared by the manufacturer.
For non-directional antennas, the maximum EIRP per 40 kHz in any direction shall not exceed:
- 6 - 10 log (K) dBW/40 kHz;
where K is as defined above.
4.3.3 Conformance tests
Conformance tests shall be carried out in accordance with subclause 5.3.
4.4 ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC)
There are no specific EMC requirements under this TBR however, ETS 300 339 [3] contains general EMC
specifications. Once this ETS becomes a harmonized EMC standard, and until a product specific
harmonized EMC standard is published, compliance to the general harmonized EMC standard will give
presumption of compliance with the EMC Directive (see Bibliography). Upon publication of the product
specific harmonized EMC standard compliance with that standard will give presumption of compliance
with the EMC Directive (see Bibliography).
4.5 Control and Monitoring Functions (CMF)
The following minimum set of CMF shall be implemented in LMES in order to minimize the probability that
they may originate unwanted transmissions that may give rise to harmful interference to other systems.
Under any fault condition when the LMES transmissions are being suppressed the limits for carrier-off
state shall apply.
4.5.1 Processor monitoring
4.5.1.1 Justification
To ensure that the LMES can suppress transmissions in the event of a processor sub-system failure.
4.5.1.2 Specification
The LMES shall incorporate a processor monitoring function for each of its processors involved in the
manipulation of traffic and in control and monitoring functions.

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TBR 27: December 1997
The processor monitoring function shall detect any failure of the processor hardware and software.
No later than one second after any fault condition occurs, the LMES shall enter the carrier-off state until
the processor monitoring function has determined that all fault conditions have been cleared.
4.5.1.3 Conformance tests
Conformance tests shall be carried out in accordance with subclause 5.4.
4.5.2 Transmit subsystem monitoring
4.5.2.1 Justification
To ensure the correct operation of the transmit frequency generation sub-system, and to inhibit
transmissions should the sub-system fail.
4.5.2.2 Specification
The LMES shall monitor the operation of its transmit frequency generation sub-system.
No later than 5 seconds after any fault condition of the transmit frequency generation sub-system occurs,
the LMES shall enter the carrier-off state until the transmit sub-system monitoring function has determined
that all fault conditions have been cleared.
4.5.2.3 Conformance tests
Conformance tests shall be carried out in accordance with subclause 5.4.
4.5.3 Power-on/Reset
4.5.3.1 Justification
To demonstrate that the LMES achieves a controlled non-transmitting state following the powering of the
unit or the occurrence of a reset made by a local operator when this function is implemented.
4.5.3.2 Specification
During and following "power on" or a manual reset when this function is implemented, the LMES shall
remain in the carrier-off state.
4.5.3.3 Conformance tests
Conformance tests shall be carried out in accordance with subclause 5.4.
4.5.4 Control Channel (CC) reception
4.5.4.1 Justification
To ensure that the LMES cannot transmit unless it correctly receives the CC messages from the NCF.
4.5.4.2 Specification
a) Without correct reception of the CC messages from the NCF, the LMES shall remain in the carrier-
off state.
b) The LMES shall enter the carrier-off state immediately after a period not exceeding 30 seconds
without correct reception of the CC messages from the NCF.
4.5.4.3 Conformance tests
Conformance tests shall be carried out in accordance with subclause 5.4.

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TBR 27: December 1997
4.5.5 Network control commands
4.5.5.1 Justification
These requirements ensure that the LMES is capable of:
a) retaining a unique identification in the network and transmitting it upon reception of an appropriate
request;
b) receiving commands from the NCF through its CC and executing those commands.
4.5.5.2 Specification
The LMES shall hold, in non-volatile memory, its unique identification code in the network.
The LMES shall be capable of receiving through its CC dedicated commands (addressed to the LMES)
from the NCF, and which contain:
- transmission enable commands;
- transmission disable commands;
- identification request.
Once a transmission enable command is received the LMES is authorized to transmit.
After power-on or reset the LMES shall remain in the carrier-off state until it receives a transmission
enable command. For systems where no transmission enable command is expected after power-on or
reset the LMES may only transmit initial bursts (see subclause 4.5.6).
Once a transmission disable command is received, within 1 second the LMES shall enter and shall remain
in the carrier-off state until the transmission disable command is superseded by a subsequent
transmission enable command.
The LMES shall be capable of transmitting its identification code upon reception of an identification
request.
4.5.5.3 Conformance tests
Conformance tests shall be carried out in accordance with subclause 5.4.
4.5.6 Initial burst transmission
4.5.6.1 Justification
To limit disturbance to other services.
4.5.6.2 Specification
For systems where no transmission enable command is expected after power-on or reset the LMES may
transmit initial bursts:
a) the transmission of the initial burst shall not exceed 1 % of the time;
b) each burst shall not last more than one second.
4.5.6.3 Conformance tests
Conformance tests shall be carried out in accordance with subclause 5.4.7.
5 Test methods
The values of measurement uncertainty associated with each measurement parameter apply to all of the
test cases described in this TBR. The measurement uncertainties shall not exceed the values shown in
table 3.
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Table 3: Measurement uncertainty
Measurement parameter Uncertainty
RF frequency ±10 kHz
RF power ±0,75 dB
Conducted spurious ±4 dB
Antenna gain ±2 dB
Radiated spurious ±6 dB
To enable the performance tests to be carried out the use of Special Test Equipment (STE), made
available by the manufacturer, may be necessary. Since this test equipment will be specific for the
particular system, it is not possible to provide detailed specifications in this TBR. However, the following
baseline is provided:
- if the LMES requires to receive a modulated carrier from the satellite in order to transmit, then
special test arrangements are required to simulate the satellite signal, thus enabling the LMES to
transmit allowing measurement of transmission parameters;
- any characteristic of these special test arrangements which may have direct or indirect effects on
the parameters to be measured shall be clearly stated by the manufacturer.
All tests with carrier-on shall be undertaken with the transmitter operating at full power and with the
maximum transmit burst rate where applicable.
All technical characteristics and operational conditions declared by the manufacturer shall be entered in
the test report.
5.1 Unwanted emissions outside the band 14,00 GHz to 14,25 GHz
5.1.1 General
For purpose of the test, the Equipment Under Test (EUT) comprises:
a) for IE:
- the EME;
- the IME;
- interconnecting cables between IME and EME units as supplied by the manufacturer;
- the necessary power supply cables and any other cable ensuring a proper functioning of the
terminal.
b) for PE:
- for a single module PE, the module itself with any deployable parts in their normal operating
configuration;
- for a multiple module PE, all such modules with all necessary interconnecting cables of
lengths as normally supplied by the manufacturer; again any deployable parts should be in
their normal operating configuration.
For measurements up to 1 000 MHz the distance between the EUT and the measuring antenna shall be
10 m. For measurements above 1 000 MHz the distance between the EUT or the substitution antenna and
the measuring antenna shall be such that the radiating near-field of each antenna shall not overlap with
that of the other. The larger radiating near-field of the EUT and substitution antenna shall be used to
determine the minimum distance between the EUT and measuring antenna in the first instance.
The upper and lower extremes of the tuning range shall be stated by the manufacturer.

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TBR 27: December 1997
5.1.2 Test site
The test shall be performed either in an open area test site, a semi-anechoic chamber or an anechoic
chamber. Ambient noise levels shall be at least 6 dB below the applicable unwanted emissions limit.
An open area test site shall be flat, free of overhead wires and nearby reflecting structures, sufficiently
large to permit aerial placement at the specified measuring distance and provide adequate separation
between aerial, test unit and reflecting structures.
A metal ground plane shall be inserted on the natural ground plane and it shall extend at least 1 m beyond
the perimeter of the EUT at one end and at least 1 m beyond the measurement antenna at the other end.
5.1.3 Test method
For IE, the EUT shall be installed with a separation of about 0,5 m between the IME and the EME, the
maximum length connection cable specified by the manufacturer shall be installed. The height of the cable
shall be between 0,5 m and 1 m. The cable shall be maintained in that position by non-metallic means.
The EME shall be set, in its normal operating configuration on a non-metallic table at a height between
0,5 m and 1 m. The IME shall be set on a non-metallic table at a height of 0,8 m for tests up to 1 000 MHz
and between 0,5 m and 1 m for tests above 1 000 MHz. Any associated equipment, e.g. portable
computer or data terminal if required for operation of the LMES, shall be placed next to, and at the same
height as, the IME.
For PE, the equipment shall be arranged in its normal operating configuration as recommended by the
manufacturer on a non-metallic table at a height between 0,5 m and 1 m.
The EUT shall be terminated with matched impedances at the terrestrial ports if recommended by the
manufacturer in the user documentation and if there is no associated equipment connected to such ports.
For frequencies up to 80 MHz, the measuring antenna shall be a balanced dipole which has a length
equal to the 80 MHz resonant length and shall be matched to the feeder by a suitable transforming device.
Measurements with broad band antennas is also possible provided that the test site has been calibrated
according to the requirements of CISPR 16-1 [4].
For frequencies between 80 MHz and 1 000 MHz, the measuring antenna shall be a balanced dipole
which shall be resonant in length. Measurements with broad band antennas is also possible provided that
the test site has been calibrated according to the requirements of CISPR 16-1 [4].
For frequencies above 1 000 MHz, the antenna shall be a horn radiator of known gain/frequency
characteristics. When used for reception, the antenna and any associated amplification system shall have
an amplitude/frequency response within ±2 dB of the combined calibration curves across the
measurement frequency range considered for the antenna. The antenna is mounted on a support capable
of allowing the antenna to be used in either horizontal or vertical polarization and at the specified height.
For tests up to 1 000 MHz, the receive test equipment shall be a measuring receiver.
For tests above 1 000 MHz, the receive test equipment shall be a spectrum analyser.

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TBR 27: December 1997
5.1.3.1 Receive test equipment
5.1.3.1.1 Measuring receiver for measurements up to 1 000 MHz
Measuring receivers shall conform to the following characteristics:
- the response to a constant amplitude sine wave signal shall remain within ±1 dB across the
frequency range of interest;
- quasi-peak detection shall be used in a -6 dB bandwidth of 120 kHz;
- the receiver shall be operated at more than 1 dB below the compression point during
tests/measurements.
5.1.3.1.2 Spectrum analyser for measurements above 1 000 MHz
The spectrum analyser resolution bandwidth shall be set to the specified measuring bandwidth or as close
as possible. If the resolution bandwidth is different from the specified measuring bandwidth, bandwidth
correction shall be performed for noise-like wideband signals. The measuring system shall be capable of
detecting signals at least 6 dB below the applicable unwanted emissions limit.
5.1.4 Procedure
5.1.4.1 Test arrangements
Receive
Test Equipment
LMES
Measuring EUT
antenna
Rotation
Figure 1: Test arrangement - unwanted emissions measurement, first axis
LMES
Receive
Test Equipment
EUT
Measuring
antenna
Rotation
Figure 2: Test arrangement - unwanted emissions measurement, second axis

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TBR 27: December 1997
Receive
EUT
Test Equipment
Measuring
LMES
antenna
Rotation
Figure 3: Test arrangement - unwanted emissions measurement, third axis
5.1.4.2 Up to 1 000 MHz
a) The test arrangement shall be as shown in figure 1 with the measuring receiver installed. EUTs with
adjustable antennas shall have the antenna boresight axis in the plane of rotation. The measuring
antenna boresight axis shall coincide with the plane of rotation of the boresight of the EUT.
b) The EUT shall be in the carrier-on state with the carrier at the lowest possible centre frequency.
c) The EUT shall be rotated through 360° whilst unwanted emissions are measured in frequency and
amplitude, over the frequency range 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz. The frequency and amplitude of each
signal shall be noted.
d) The measurements shall be repeated with the measuring antenna in the opposite polarization and
the signal levels similarly noted.
e) The tests in c) and d) above shall be repeated with the EUT carrier at the highest possible centre
frequency.
f) The tests in c) and d) above shall be repeated with the carrier-off.
g) The tests in b) to f) above shall be repeated with the EUT turned so that its axis of rotation is
orthogonal to that of the first case, as shown in figure 2. The EUT antenna boresight axis shall
remain in the plane of rotation.
h) The tests in b) to f) above shall be repeated with the EUT turned so that its axis of rotation is
mutually orthogonal to those of the first two cases, as shown in figure 3. The EUT antenna
boresight axis shall be perpendicular to the plane of rotation.
5.1.4.3 Above 1 000 MHz
For LMES equipment for which measurements at the antenna flange are not possible or not agreed by the
manufacturer, the EUT shall be tested with the antenna. The test shall be performed in two stages:
procedure a): identification of the significant frequencies of the radiated unwanted emissions;
procedure b): measurement of radiated power levels of identified unwanted emissions.
For LMES equipment for which measurements at the antenna flange are possible and agreed by the
manufacturer, the EUT shall be tested without the antenna. The test shall be performed in three stages:
procedure a): identification of the significant frequencies of the radiated unwanted emissions;
procedure b): measurement of radiated power levels of identified unwanted emissions;
procedure c): measurement of conducted unwanted emissions.

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TBR 27: December 1997
5.1.4.3.1 Identification of the significant frequencies of the radiated unwanted emissions
a) The test arrangement shall be as shown in figure 1 with the spectrum analyser installed. EUTs with
adjustable antennas shall have the antenna boresight axis in the plane of rotation. The measuring
antenna boresight axis shall coincide with the plane of rotation of the boresight of the EUT.
b) The EUT shall be in the carrier-on state with the carrier at the lowest possible centre frequency.
c) The EUT shall be rotated through 360° whilst unwanted emissions are measured in frequency and
amplitude, over the frequency range 1 000 MHz to 40 GHz. The frequency and amplitude of each
signal shall be noted.
d) The measurements shall be repeated with the measuring antenna in the opposite polarization and
the signal levels similarly noted.
e) The tests in c) and d) above shall be repeated with the EUT carrier at the highest possible centre
frequency.
f) The tests in c) and d) above shall be repeated with the carrier-off.
g) The tests in b) to f) above shall be repeated with the EUT turned so that its axis of rotation is
orthogonal to that of the first case, as shown in figure 2. The EUT antenna boresight axis shall
remain in the plane of rotation.
h) The tests in b) to f) above shall be repeated with the EUT turned so that its axis of rotation is
mutually orthogonal to those of the first two cases, as shown in figure 3. The EUT antenna
boresight axis shall be perpendicular to the plane of rotation.

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TBR 27: December 1997
5.1.4.3.2 Measurement of radiated power levels of identified spurious radiation
Substitution
antenna
Signal
generator
Spectrum
Filters
LMES
analyser
Measuring antenna EUT
Figure 4: Test arrangement - unwanted emissions measurement for an EUT with antenna
Substitution
antenna
Signal
generator
Spectrum
Test
Filters
LMES
load
analyser
Measuring antenna EUT
Figure 5: Test arrangement - unwanted emissions measurement for an EUT without antenna
a) The test arrangement shall be as shown in figure 4 or figure 5.
b) The EUT shall be in the carrier-on state with the modulated carrier centre frequency as appropriate
to the previously identi
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