ETSI EN 301 391 V1.1.1 (2000-01)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.ElectroMagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM); Data communications using short range devices; Access protocol, occupation rules and corresponding technical characteristics for the transmission of data33.100.01Elektromagnetna združljivost na splošnoElectromagnetic compatibility in general33.060.99Druga oprema za radijske komunikacijeOther equipment for radiocommunicationsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 301 391 Version 1.1.1SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003en01-december-2003SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003



ETSIEN301391V1.1.1(2000-01)EuropeanStandard(Telecommunicationsseries)ElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM);Datacommunicationsusingshortrangedevices;Accessprotocol,occupationrulesandcorrespondingtechnicalcharacteristicsforthetransmissionofdataSIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003



ETSIETSIEN301391V1.1.1(2000-01)2ReferenceDEN/ERM-RP02-034Keywordsaccess,data,mobile,protocol,radioETSIPostaladdressF-06921SophiaAntipolisCedex-FRANCEOfficeaddress650RoutedesLucioles-SophiaAntipolisValbonne-FRANCETel.:+33492944200Fax:+33493654716SiretN°34862356200017-NAF742CAssociationàbutnonlucratifenregistréeàlaSous-PréfecturedeGrasse(06)N°7803/88Internetsecretariat@etsi.frIndividualcopiesofthisETSIdeliverablecanbedownloadedfromhttp://www.etsi.orgIfyoufinderrorsinthepresentdocument,sendyourcommentto:editor@etsi.frImportantnoticeThisETSIdeliverablemaybemadeavailableinmorethanoneelectronicversionorinprint.Inanycaseofexistingorperceiveddifferenceincontentsbetweensuchversions,thereferenceversionisthePortableDocumentFormat(PDF).Incaseofdispute,thereferenceshallbetheprintingonETSIprintersofthePDFversionkeptonaspecificnetworkdrivewithinETSISecretariat.CopyrightNotificationNopartmaybereproducedexceptasauthorizedbywrittenpermission.Thecopyrightandtheforegoingrestrictionextendtoreproductioninallmedia.©EuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute2000.Allrightsreserved.SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003



ETSIETSIEN301391V1.1.1(2000-01)3ContentsIntellectualPropertyRights.5Foreword.5Introduction.51Scope.62References.63Definitions,symbolsandabbreviations.73.1Definitions.73.2Symbols.73.3Abbreviations.84General.84.1Applicationsusingthisprotocol.84.2Conformitytothepresentdocument.84.2.1Declarationofconformity.84.2.2Measurementstobeperformed.94.2.3Interpretationofthemeasurementresults.95Technicalcharacteristicsoftheequipment.96Descriptionoftheaccessprotocol.96.1Channelaccessduration.96.2Principles.106.3Procedure.106.4Carriersensing.106.5Observationtime.116.6Messageprioritydelay.116.7DutyCycle.116.8Antiblocking.117Methodsofmeasurementandlimits.127.1Channelaccessduration.127.1.1Definition.127.1.2Methodofmeasurement.127.1.2.1Asingletransmitteraccessingthechannel.127.1.2.2Morethanonetransmitteraccessingthechannel.137.1.3Limit.137.2Replycarrierdelay.137.2.1Definition.137.2.2Methodofmeasurement.137.2.3Limit.137.3Antiblocking.137.3.1Definition.137.3.2Methodofmeasurement.147.3.3Limit.147.4Carriersensethreshold.147.4.1Definition.147.4.2Methodofmeasurement.147.4.3Limit.157.5Carriersensedelay.157.5.1Definition.157.5.2Methodofmeasurement.167.5.3Limit.167.6Observationtime.167.6.1Definition.16SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003



ETSIETSIEN301391V1.1.1(2000-01)47.6.2Methodofmeasurement.167.6.3Limit.177.7Channelaccessingcarrierattacktime.177.7.1Definition.177.7.2Methodofmeasurement.187.7.3Limit.188Examplesofchannelaccesstiming.199Measurementuncertainty.20AnnexA(normative):Radiatedmeasurement.21A.1Testsitesandgeneralarrangementsformeasurementsinvolvingtheuseofradiatedfields.21A.1.1Anechoicchamber.21A.1.2Anechoicchamberwithaconductivegroundplane.22A.1.3OATS.23A.1.4Testantenna.24A.1.5Substitutionantenna.25A.1.6Measuringantenna.25A.2Guidanceontheuseofradiationtestsites.25A.2.1Verificationofthetestsite.25A.2.2PreparationoftheEUT.25A.2.3PowersuppliestotheEUT.25A.2.4Volumecontrolsettingforanaloguespeechtests.26A.2.5Rangelength.26A.2.6Sitepreparation.26A.3Couplingofsignals.27A.3.1General.27A.3.2DataSignals.27A.3.3Speechandanaloguesignals.27A.3.3.1Acousticcouplerdescription.28A.3.3.2Calibration.28Bibliography.29History.30SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003



ETSIETSIEN301391V1.1.1(2000-01)5IntellectualPropertyRightsIPRsessentialorpotentiallyessentialtothepresentdocumentmayhavebeendeclaredtoETSI.TheinformationpertainingtotheseessentialIPRs,ifany,ispubliclyavailableforETSImembersandnon-members,andcanbefoundinSR000314:"IntellectualPropertyRights(IPRs);Essential,orpotentiallyEssential,IPRsnotifiedtoETSIinrespectofETSIstandards",whichisavailablefromtheETSISecretariat.LatestupdatesareavailableontheETSIWebserver(http://www.etsi.org/ipr).PursuanttotheETSIIPRPolicy,noinvestigation,includingIPRsearches,hasbeencarriedoutbyETSI.NoguaranteecanbegivenastotheexistenceofotherIPRsnotreferencedinSR000314(ortheupdatesontheETSIWebserver)whichare,ormaybe,ormaybecome,essentialtothepresentdocument.ForewordThisEuropeanStandard(Telecommunicationsseries)hasbeenproducedbyETSITechnicalCommitteeElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM).AnnexAisnormativeandprovidesadditionalinformationconcerningmeasurements.NationaltranspositiondatesDateofadoptionofthisEN:31December1999DateoflatestannouncementofthisEN(doa):31March2000DateoflatestpublicationofnewNationalStandardorendorsementofthisEN(dop/e):30September2000DateofwithdrawalofanyconflictingNationalStandard(dow):30September2000IntroductionThepresentdocumentspecifiesanaccessprotocolintendedtobeusedinequipmentemployingshortrange(radio)devicesforthecordlesstransferofsmalldatapackets.Itisintendedthattheimplementationofthisprotocolissufficientlysimpletosuitthelowcostsnecessaryforsomeproducts.Thepresentdocumentreliesonallequipmentonasharedchannelusingthisprotocol.Theprotocolallowsefficientchannelsharinginhighdatatrafficsituations,andhasbeendevisedtoprovideanequitablesharebetweenallusersofthechannel.Thepresentdocumentonlyappliestoapplicationsthatrequireinfrequentburstsofsmalldatapacketsforthepurposeofcontrolandlimiteddatatransferi.e.notcontinuousunbrokendatatransmission.Thisprotocolreliesontherebeingalimitedradiatedpowerandthereforealimitedrange,thusrestrictingtheoverlapoflocalusers(cellsize)toalevelwheretheprotocolcancopebytimesharingbetweenthem.Datacollisionisminimizedinthisprotocolbyusingcarriersensemultipleaccess(CSMA)whichrequiresthattheradiochannelissilentbeforestartinganytransmission.Arbitrationbetweencompetingusersisachievedbyusingapseudorandomlengthdelayperiodbeforetransmitting.Amechanismforprioritizingmessages,basedonmessagelength,isalsoprovidedaspartofthearbitrationprocess.SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003



ETSIETSIEN301391V1.1.1(2000-01)61ScopeThepresentdocumentcoversaradiochannelaccessprotocolandprovidesalltheparametersthatareessentialforitsuse.ThepresentdocumenthasbeendesignedtobeusedwithShortRangeDevicessharingacommon,singlefrequency,radiochannelandtransmittingsmall(shortduration)datapackets.StandardsEN300220-1[1],EN300330[2]andI-ETS300440[3]providetechnicalcharacteristicsforshortrangedeviceequipment.Theseproductswillbeco-existingonthesameradiospectrum.Thepresentdocumentspecifiestheaccessprotocolandtheoccupationrulesfordatacommunicationsonaradiochannelsharedbydifferentusers.Thepresentdocumentdoesnotspecifyorimposeanyrestrictiononthebitrate,dataformatormodulationscheme.Thisaccessprotocolisnotintendedforapplicationsrequiringcontinuous(unbroken)datatransmission.2ReferencesThefollowingdocumentscontainprovisionswhich,throughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionsofthepresentdocument.•Referencesareeitherspecific(identifiedbydateofpublication,editionnumber,versionnumber,etc.)ornon-specific.•Foraspecificreference,subsequentrevisionsdonotapply.•Foranon-specificreference,thelatestversionapplies.•Anon-specificreferencetoanETSshallalsobetakentorefertolaterversionspublishedasanENwiththesamenumber.[1]EN300220-1(V1.2):"ElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM);Shortrangedevices;Technicalcharacteristicsandtestmethodsforradioequipmenttobeusedinthe25MHzto1000MHzfrequencyrangewithpowerlevelsrangingupto500mW;Part1:Parametersintendedforregulatorypurposes".[2]EN300330:"ElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM);ShortRangeDevices(SRD);Technicalcharacteristicsandtestmethodsforradioequipmentinthefrequencyrange9kHzto25MHzandinductiveloopsystemsinthefrequencyrange9kHzto30MHz".[3]I-ETS300440:"RadioEquipmentandSystems(RES);ShortRangeDevices(SRDs);Technicalcharacteristicsandtestmethodsforradioequipmenttobeusedinthe1GHzto25GHzfrequencyrange".[4]ETS300113:"RadioEquipmentandSystems(RES);Landmobileservice;Technicalcharacteristicsandtestconditionsforradioequipmentintendedforthetransmissionofdata(andspeech)andhavinganantennaconnector".[5]ETR273-2:"ElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM);Improvementofradiatedmethodsofmeasurement(usingtestsites)andevaluationofthecorrespondingmeasurementuncertainties;Part2:Anechoicchamber".[6]ETR273-3:"ElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM);Improvementofradiatedmethodsofmeasurement(usingtestsites)andevaluationofthecorrespondingmeasurementuncertainties;Part3:Anechoicchamberwithagroundplane".[7]ETR273-4:"ElectromagneticcompatibilityandRadiospectrumMatters(ERM);Improvementofradiatedmethodsofmeasurement(usingtestsites)andevaluationofthecorrespondingmeasurementuncertainties;Part4:Openareatestsite".SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003



ETSIETSIEN301391V1.1.1(2000-01)7[8]CEPT/ERCRecommendation70-03:"RelatingtotheuseofShortRangeDevices(SRD)".IncludingAppendicesandAnnexes.[9]IECPublication60489-3:"Methodsofmeasurementforradioequipmentusedinthemobileservices.Part3:ReceiversforA3EorF3Eemissions".3Definitions,symbolsandabbreviations3.1DefinitionsForthepurposesofthepresentdocument,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply:attacktime:timetakenbetweenestablishingthatthechannelcanbeaccessedtotheactualinstantofaccess.Thedetaileddefinitionisgiveninsubclause7.7observationtime:definitionisgiveninsubclause6.5bit:binarydigitdatapacket:smallestquantityofdatasentovertheradiochannelinoneaccessperiod.Anumberofusefulbitsarealwayssenttogetherwithcorrespondingredundancybitsinanygivenpacket.Anacknowledgereply,ifused,isalsoincludedinthepacketmessage:userdatatobetransferredinoneormorepacketsinasessionmessagelength:timetakentotransmitamessage;thesumofthecarrierontimeofallthedatapacketsusedandthecarrieroff(silence)timesofallthedatapacketsusedreply:transmissionbyadeviceinanswertothe"initiatingtransmitter".Thisreplycanbeanacknowledge("ACK")oranegativeacknowledge("NACK")and/oralongerpacketofuseful/requestedinformationreplycarrierdelay:timeperiodbetweenendofatransmissionandstartofanacknowledge/replysilence:conditionofnodetectedcarrierenergyintheradiochannelinquestiontransmission(physical):onepackettransmittedbetweencarrieronandfinalcarrieroffofaparticulartransmitter3.2SymbolsForthepurposesofthepresentdocument,thefollowingsymbolsapply:dBdecibeldBmdBrelativeto1mWdBµVdBrelativeto1µVTxtransmitter(radio)SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003



ETSIETSIEN301391V1.1.1(2000-01)83.3AbbreviationsForthepurposesofthepresentdocument,thefollowingabbreviationsapply:ACKACKnowledgeASKAmplitudeShiftKeyingCSMACarrierSenseMultipleAccessEUTEquipmentUnderTestfccarrierfrequency(bandcentre)FSKFrequencyShiftKeyingNACKNegativeACKnowledgeOATSOpenAreaTestSitePcSteadystatetransmitpowerPmeanMeanleveloftransmitpowerPoffcarrieroffpowerlevelPraccminimumreceiversensitivityneededtocheckthatachannelisfreePrcheckreceivedcarrierpowerlevel,generatedbyacheckingtransmitterPSKPhaseShiftKeyingQAMQuadratureAmplitudeModulationRFRadioFrequencytcreplycarrierdelaytimetffixedpartofobservationtimetoobservationtimetpprioritypartofobservationtimetrpseudorandompartofobservationtime4General4.1ApplicationsusingthisprotocolThisaccessprotocolappliestoawidevarietyofapplicationsoperatingatvariousdataratesinbothdomesticandindustrialfields.Toaccommodatethissituation,fourprioritylevelsareincludedwhichcorrespondtodifferentdatapacketlengths.This,forexample,improvesthechanceofaccessforasimplecontrolfunction(requiringafastresponsetime)infavourofafunctiontransferringalargeamountofdata(lesscriticalofresponsetime).Theprotocolmaybeusedwiththefollowingtypesofcommunication:-point-to-point(sourcetodestination);-point-to-multi-point(sourcetogroup);-multi-point-to-point(polling).4.2ConformitytothepresentdocumentConformitytotherequirementsofthepresentdocumentisbaseduponbothdeclarationsandmeasurements.4.2.1DeclarationofconformityThoseparameterscoveredbymanufacturersdeclarationaregiveninclause6ofthepresentdocument.Asigneddeclarationshallbeprovidedasconfirmationthattheequipmentmeetstherequirementsofthisaccessprotocol.Thisdeclarationmaybesubmittedbythemanufacturer,orhisrepresentative,togetherwiththeapplicationformfortests.Inthecasewherethecontrollingsoftwarefortheequipment(ormodulesthereof)hasnotbeendesignedbythemanufactureroftheradioequipment,theresponsiblepartyforengineeringsuchsoftwareshallalsoprovideasigneddeclarationofconformity.SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003



ETSIETSIEN301391V1.1.1(2000-01)94.2.2MeasurementstobeperformedThesemeasurementsshallbeperformedforallpartsoftheequipmentincludedinthesystem,designedtousethisprotocol.Clause7ofthepresentdocumentgivesthemethodsofmeasurementsandlimitsfortheseparameters.Themanufacturershallprovideanynecessarytestpointsand/ortestfixtures,dedicatedtestequipment(ifneeded)and/ortestmodesforthepurposeoftestingandmakingmeasurements.Thefollowingmeasurementsandtestsshallbeperformed,inanaccreditedtestlaboratory:-channelaccessduration;-replycarrierdelay;-antiblocking;-carriersensethreshold;-carriersensedelay;-observationtime;-channelaccessingcarrierattacktime.4.2.3InterpretationofthemeasurementresultsTheinterpretationofthemeasurementresultsrecordedinatestreportforthemeasurementsdescribedinthepresentdocumentshallbeasfollows:a)themeasuredvaluerelatedtothecorrespondinglimitshallbeusedtodecidewhethertheequipmentundertestmeetstherequirementsofthepresentdocumentornot;b)theactualmeasurementuncertaintyofthetestlaboratorycarryingoutthemeasurement,foreachparticularmeasurement,shallbeincludedinthetestreport;c)thevaluesoftheactualmeasurementuncertaintyshallbe,foreachmeasurement,equaltoorlowerthanthefiguresgiveninclause9,absolutemeasurementuncertainties.5TechnicalcharacteristicsoftheequipmentThisprotocolisintendedtobeusedbyshortrangedevicesfulfillingtherequirementsofEN300220-1[1],EN300330[2]andI-ETS300440[3]asapplicable.Theuseofshortrangedevices(SRD)isalsocoveredinCEPT/ERCRecommendation70-03[8].Itisrecommendedthatthespreadoftheminimumreceptionsensitivitybetweenallmanufactureddevicesinasystembekeptassmallaspossible.Thisisintheinterestsofminimizingdataclashesbetweencompetingsystems.6DescriptionoftheaccessprotocolAlldevicesfulfillingthepresentstandardshallusethisprotocoleachtimetheyaccesstheRFchannelandtheRFchannelistobeusedonlybysuchdevices.6.1ChannelaccessdurationThetotaltimeduringwhichthechannelmaybeoccupiedforeachaccess(channelaccessduration)shallnotexceedthedurationgiveninsubclause7.1.3.Thisincludesthedurationofanyacknowledgementorreplyfromarespondingdevice.SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003



ETSIETSIEN301391V1.1.1(2000-01)10Providedthatboththemaximumdurationofchanneloccupation(channelaccessduration)andthereplycarrierdelaylimitsarefulfilled,thechannelmaybeoccupiedbyasequenceofanynumberoftransmissions(involving,possibly,repliesfromoneormoretransmitters).If,therefore,areplyingdevice,ordevicesarerequiredtoreturndata(e.g.forhandshakepurposes),thenthetimetakentodothisshallbeincludedinthechannelaccessduration.Transferoflargequantitiesofdatashallbeachievedbydividingitupintosuitablysmallpacketstosatisfythisprotocol.6.2PrinciplesForthepurposeofchannelaccess,theequipmentdetermineswhetherornotthechannelisfreeandhasbeenfreefortheobservationtimetobymeansofcarriersensinginthechannel.Theobservationtime(seesubclause6.5)consistsofafixedpart,aprioritypartandapseudo-randomadditionalpart.Whenthechannelappearstohavebeencontinuouslyfreebytheendoftheobservationtime,thetransmittermaybeinitiatedandshallbepoweredupwithinthespecifiedtime(theaccessingcarrierattacktimedelay,seesubclause7.7).Thepriorityparthasbeenincludedintheobservationtimeforthepurposeofgivingprioritytoshortermessagesinordertoimprovetheirresponsetimechances.ThetotaldurationoftheRFcarrieremission(accesstime)islimited(seesubclauses6.1and7.1).Theoveralldutycyclelimitationisgiveninsubclause6.7.Thenumberoftransmissionretries(intendedtoovercometransmissioncollisionsandcorruption)shouldbelimitedtoamaximumof5.6.3ProcedureInordertogainaccesstotheradiochanneltheequipmentshalldeterminewhetherornotthechannelis,andhasbeen,freeduringtheobservationtimet0,bymeansofcarriersensing(seesubclause6.4).Ifthechannelappearstobefreethroughouttheobservationtimeandthereisinformationtobesent,thetransmissionshallthenbeinitiatedandRFcarrierradiationcommencedwithinthespecifiedtime(carrierattacktime;seesubclause7.7.1fordefinition).Oncethechannelhasbeenseizeditmaybeoccupiedforuptothemaximumtimeallowedforasinglechanneloccupancy(seesubclauses6.1and7.1).Attheendofatransmission,anotherobservationtimemaystartimmediately,unlessthedutycyclelimithasbeenreached(subclause6.7).Ifare-transmissionisrequired(due,forexample,toa"collision"),thissameprocessshallberepeatedand,onceagain,thechannelshallbedetectedasbeingfreeduringtheobservationtimepriortorepeatingtheattempttotransmit.Toensurethatnootherusercanaccessthechannelduringahalfduplexaccess,amaximumReplycarrierdelaytchasbeendefined(seesubclause7.2).6.4CarriersensingCarriersensing,ormoreappropriatelychannelenergysensing,isthedetectionofwhethertheRFlevelinthereceivechannelexceedsagiventhresholdornot.ThecarriersenseshallbeabletodetectRFsignalswithdifferenttypesofmodulation(e.g.FSK,ASK,PSK,QAMetc.).Thechannelshallberegardedasinuseduringtheobservationtime(seesubclause6.5)iftheleveloftheRFsignalonthechannelexceedsthethresholdgiveninsubclause7.4.3.Carriersensingshalltakeplacethroughouttheobservationtimeeithercontinuouslyoratregularintervalsnotexceeding250µµµµsandthecarriersensedelayshallnotexceedthelimitgiveninsubclause7.5.3.SIST EN 301 391 V1.1.1:2003



ETSIETSIEN301391V1.1.1(2000-01)116.5ObservationtimeTheobservationtimet0isthesumofthefixedparttf,thepriorityparttpandthepseudorandomparttr.t0=tf+tp+tr.Thefixedpart,tfoftheObservationtimeshallbenotlessthan5ms.Theprioritypart,tpoftheobservationtimeshallbenotlessthanthatgiveninthetableinsubclause6.6(0msto8ms).ThepseudorandomparttrshallconsistofarangeofNdifferentvaluesti.ThenumberNofthesedifferentvalues(ti)shallnotbelessthan11.Thedifferentvalues(ti)shallnotbelessthan1msofeachother.ThemeanofalltheseNvaluesshallnotbelessthan5ms.Thesmallestofthesedifferentvalues(ti)maybe0ms.AlloftheseNdifferentvalues(ti)shallbeusedinNsuccessivetransmissiontransactions.6.6MessageprioritydelayAprioritydelaytpshallbeincludedineachobservationtime.Thevalueusedfortpwillbeaccordingtothemessagelengthandisgivenintable1.Table1:MessageprioritydelaycategoriesCategoryDataPacketlengthPrioritydelaytpVeryshortnotgreaterthan12ms≥0msShortnotgreaterthan25ms≥2msNormalnotgreaterthan50ms≥5msLongnotgreaterthan100ms≥8ms6.7DutyCycleThedutycycleofdevicestransmittingmessagesshallbelimitedasgivenforcategory3indutycyclecategories,CEPT/ERCRecommendation70-03[8].DutycyclelimitationsareonlyprovidedinordertoavoidthatadeviceunabletoreceivecorrectlymayblockthechannelwithanunacceptableDutycycle.6.8AntiblockingInthecaseofinterference,thechannelmayappeartobeinconstantuse.Ina
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