ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)

ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)






TECHNICAL REPORT
SmartM2M;
Pilot test definition and guidelines for testing cooperation
between oneM2M and Ag equipment standards

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2 ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)



Reference
DTR/SmartM2M-103545
Keywords
alarm, ITS, M2M, oneM2M
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3 ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 5
Foreword . 5
Modal verbs terminology . 5
Executive summary . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 References . 7
2.1 Normative references . 7
2.2 Informative references . 7
3 Definitions and abbreviations . 8
3.1 Definitions . 8
3.2 Abbreviations . 8
4 Global Overview . 10
4.1 Rationale. 10
4.2 Objective . 11
5 Scenario definition and collection of requirements . 11
5.1 Detection of slow agriculture or forestry equipment on the road . 11
5.1.1 Description . 11
5.1.2 Actors . 12
5.1.3 Pre-conditions . 13
5.1.4 Triggers . 13
5.1.5 Normal Flow . 13
5.1.6 Alternative flows . 14
5.1.6.1 Alternative flow 1: Safety issue is detected by the agriculture or forestry equipment . 14
5.1.6.2 Alternative flow 2: Infrastructure equipment is involved in the alert . 15
5.1.7 Post-conditions . 15
5.1.8 High Level Illustration . 16
5.2 Potential requirements . 16
5.2.1 ITS messages main parameters . 16
5.2.2 Scenario requirements for the pilot test . 17
5.2.3 Potential requirements for a M2M system . 18
6 Test definition and guidelines . 18
6.1 Overview . 18
6.2 Data model . 19
6.2.1 Parameters for the data model. 19
6.2.2 Functional Architecture . 21
6.2.3 Data model files . 23
6.2.4 Semantic model . 24
6.3 Protocols and interfaces . 26
6.4 Data management for the exchange of information . 27
6.5 Security of connectivity and data . 40
6.6 Guidelines for the implementation of the pilot test and parametrization . 41
6.6.1 Test Setup . 41
6.6.2 Triggering conditions . 42
6.6.3 Configuration and common parameters . 43
6.6.3.1 OneM2M system configuration . 43
6.6.3.2 C-ITS sub-system configuration . 44
6.6.3.3 ISO 11783 sub-system configuration . 44
6.6.4 Test Procedure . 44
7 Conclusion . 49
Annex A: Summary of ISO 11783 protocol stack . 50
ETSI

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4 ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)
A.1 High level description . 50
A.2 Protocol stack . 51
A.3 High-level CAN mechanism . 51
Annex B: Summary of oneM2M architecture . 53
B.1 oneM2M functional architecture (from [i.1]) . 53
B.2 Interworking with non-oneM2M entities . 54
B.3 Resources . 54
B.4 Primitives (from ETSI TS 118 104) . 55
B.5 Semantic description . 56
Annex C: Preliminary simplified ontology for the pilot prototype . 58
Annex D: Change History . 59
History . 60


ETSI

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5 ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)
Intellectual Property Rights
Essential patents
IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (https://ipr.etsi.org/).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Trademarks
The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners.
ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no
right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does
not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks.
Foreword
This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Smart Machine-to-Machine
communications (SmartM2M).
Modal verbs terminology
In the present document "should", "should not", "may", "need not", "will", "will not", "can" and "cannot" are to be
interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions).
"must" and "must not" are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation.
Executive summary
Agricultural and Forestry accidents have a relevant social impact in the farming and forestry sector. A consistent
number of accidents are involving agricultural machinery and road vehicles. In some cases, they cause heavy or fatal
injuries. To increase and manage a proactive collaboration between the agriculture sector and the automotive industry,
AEF, Agricultural Industry Electronics Foundation, decided to define a technical solution to mitigate the risk of
collision. This solution intends to inform the drivers circulating at a higher speed on the public network that a
slow-motion vehicle is entering the road or is on the road.
AEF had already started machine to machine (M2M) communication and through a collaboration with ETSI, AEF
wants to extend these specifications in relation with the oneM2M and ITS environments.
The purpose and goal of oneM2M is to develop technical specifications which address the need for a common M2M
Service Layer that can be readily embedded within various hardware and software and relied upon to connect the
myriad of devices in the field with M2M application servers worldwide.
ITS "Intelligent Transport Systems" refers to the application of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to
transport. These applications are being developed for different transport modes and for interaction between them.
AEF is the primary hub for ISOBUS knowledge and support, and the ITS and oneM2M environments combined with
AEF Certified products were constituting the proper test environment to broadcast the warning message from
agriculture and forestry equipment to the on-road vehicles via Cooperative ITS (C-ITS).
ETSI

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6 ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)
The present document has the purpose of specifying a pilot test aiming at the dissemination of a warning message to
road vehicles. The coordination between the detection of this event and the sending of the notification message will be
done using an oneM2M platform in the tractor as a starting point.

ETSI

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7 ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)
1 Scope
The present document provides the necessary input for a pilot Plugtests™ event to validate the possible cooperation
between the oneM2M platform and AEF ISO 11783 standards implemented for communication inside and between
agriculture & forestry machines. The document focuses on the description and planning of the pilot test, it is not
intended to be at the level of a developer guide.
The pilot use case will consider a tractor entering a road from the fields. The collaboration of Agri IoT and the oneM2M
platform will enable to trigger the transmission of an alarm to the cars on the road. ETSI TC ITS standards, such as
ETSI EN 302 637-3 [i.4] (Decentralized Environmental Notification Basic Service) are also part of this cooperation
between standards in the use case to be demonstrated.
2 References
2.1 Normative references
Normative references are not applicable in the present document.
2.2 Informative references
References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the
referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee
their long term validity.
The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the
user with regard to a particular subject area.
[i.1] ETSI TS 118 101: "oneM2M; Functional Architecture (oneM2M TS-0001)".
[i.2] ETSI TS 118 103: "oneM2M; Security solutions (oneM2M TS-0003)".
[i.3] ETSI EN 302 637-2: "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular Communications; Basic Set
of Applications; Part 2: Specification of Cooperative Awareness Basic Service".
[i.4] ETSI EN 302 637-3: "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Vehicular Communications; Basic Set
of Applications; Part 3: Specifications of Decentralized Environmental Notification Basic
Service".
[i.5] ISO 11783-7: "Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry -- Serial control and
communications data network -- Part 7: Implement messages application layer".
[i.6] ISO 11783-9: "Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry -- Serial control and
communications data network -- Part 9: Tractor ECU".
[i.7] AEF web site.
NOTE: Available at https://www.aef-online.org/home.html.
[i.8] ETSI TS 102 894-2 (V1.2.2): "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Users and applications
requirements; Part 2: Applications and facilities layer common data dictionary".
th
[i.9] 5 Cooperative Mobility Services Plugtests event; ETSI CTI Plugtests Guide V1.1.1 (2016-11).
NOTE: Available at https://portal.etsi.org/Portals/0/TBpages/CTI/Docs/ITS_CMS_Plugtest5_Tests_FINAL.pdf.
[i.10] ISO 11783-6: "Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry -- Serial control and
communications data network -- Part 6: Virtual terminal".
ETSI

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8 ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)
[i.11] ISO 11783-10: "Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry -- Serial control and
communications data network -- Part 10: Task controller and management information system data
interchange".
[i.12] ETSI TS 118 104: "oneM2M; Service Layer Core Protocol (oneM2M TS-0004)".
[i.13] ETSI TS 118 109: "oneM2M; HTTP Protocol Binding (oneM2M TS-0009)".
[i.14] ISO 11783-1: "Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry -- Serial control and
communications data network -- Part 1: General standard for mobile data communication".
[i.15] ISO 11783-2: "Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry -- Serial control and
communications data network -- Part 2: Physical layer".
[i.16] ISO 11783-3: "Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry -- Serial control and
communications data network -- Part 3: Data link layer".
[i.17] ISO 11783-4: "Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry -- Serial control and
communications data network -- Part 4: Network layer".
[i.18] SAE J1939-2: "Agricultural and Forestry Off-Road Machinery and Communication Network".
[i.19] ISO 11898-2: "Road vehicles - Controller area network (CAN) -- Part 2: High-speed medium
access unit".
[i.20] W3C Recommendation: "RDF 1.1 Concepts and Abstract Syntax", 25 February 2014.
[i.21] ETSI TS 118 113: "oneM2M; Interoperability Testing (oneM2M TS-0013)".
[i.22] ETSI EN 302 663: "Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Access layer specification for Intelligent
Transport Systems operating in the 5 GHz frequency band".
[i.23] ETSI TS 103 264: "SmartM2M; Smart Appliances; Reference Ontology and oneM2M Mapping".
[i.24] ETSI TS 118 112: "oneM2M; Base Ontology (oneM2M TS-0012)".
[i.25] ISO 11783 (all parts): "Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry -- Serial control and
communications data network".
3 Definitions and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
agriculture and forestry equipment: tractor, self-propelled machines (sprayer, combine harvester machine, tree
harvester, forwarder, etc.)
implement: pulled equipment
3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AE Application Entity
AEF Agricultural industry Electronics Foundation
AE-ID Application Entity Identifier
API Application Programming Interface
CAM Cooperative Awareness Message
CAN Controller Area Network
CCH Control Channel
ETSI

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9 ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)
CF Control Function
C-ITS Cooperative ITS
CMS Cooperative Mobility Services
CoAP Constrained Application Protocol
CRUD Create Retrieve Update Delete
CSE Common Services Entity
CSF Common Services Function
DA Destination Address
DENM Decentralized Environmental Notification Message
DEULA Bundesverband der Deutschen Lehranstalten für Agrartechnik
DIS Discovery
DLG Deutsche Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft
DMR Data Management and Repository
ECU Electronic Control Unit
ECU-P Electronic Control Unit in Private/proprietary vehicle network
ETSI European Telecommunication Standards Institute
G5-CCH ITS-G5 (ITS 5,9 GHZ frequency band) Control Channel
GN Geo-Networking
GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System
GPS Global Positioning System
HAE Host Agriculture or forestry Equipment
HF High Frequency
HIL Hardware In the Loop
HMI Human Machine Interface
HT Header Type
HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol
HV Host Vehicle
ICT Information and Communications Technologies
ID IDentifier
IN Infrastructure Node
IN-CSE CSE which resides in the Infrastructure Node
IoT Internet of Things
IP Internet Protocol
IPC Inter-Process Communication
IPE Interworking Proxy application Entity
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ISOBUS ISO (11783) Bus
ITS Intelligent Transport System
ITS-S ITS Station
KPI Key Performance Indicator
LF Low Frequency
M2M Machine to Machine
Mca Reference Point for M2M Communication with AE
Mcc Reference Point for M2M Communication with CSE
MCG Management Computer Gateway
MN Middle Node
MN-CSE CSE which resides in the Middle Node
MQTT Message Queuing Telemetry Transport
N&T Networking and Transport
NSE Network Service Entity
OBU On-Board Unit
OSI Open Systems Interconnection (model)
OWL Web Ontology Language
PDU Protocol Data Unit
PGN Parameter Group Number
PT Project Team
RDF Resource Description Framework
REG REGistration
REST Representational State Transfer
RN Resource Name
RSU Road Side Unit
RTK Real-Time Kinematics
ETSI

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10 ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)
SA Source Address
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers
SAREF Smart Appliances REFerence ontology
SEC SECurity
SEM SEMantics engine
SP Service Provider
SUB SUBscription and notification
TC Technical Committee
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TECU Tractor ECU
TMC Traffic Monitoring Centre
UC Use Case
UDP User Datagram Protocol
URI Uniform Resource Identifier
USB Universal Serial Bus
UTC Coordinated Universal Time
V2V Vehicle to Vehicle
VT Virtual Terminal
XML eXtensible Markup Language
4 Global Overview
4.1 Rationale
In many cases, the definition proposed by horizontal sectors is not correlated to the needs of the end-users in vertical
applications. It is thus necessary to collect the real needs from the end-users or at the level of the machine producers. In
the agricultural domain, the soil definition, the certification of the pulled equipment, all these KPIs are developed at the
level of the vertical sector and an alignment of the sector with the main stakeholders of the industry already exists.
Without a consolidation between the vertical domain and the horizontal domain, the KPIs can hardly be considered as
benefits from the sector, and silos will remain. Security and safety also needs to be addressed across sectors as trust is a
vital requirement between the different sectors.
The agricultural industry is supplying a diverse market and is driven by innovations of numerous manufacturers. The
objective of the Agricultural Industry Electronics Foundation (AEF [i.7]) is the interoperability of different
manufacturer's equipment via common standards. This is being facilitated by joint approaches of the industry to
technical challenges around electrical systems, electronics and software in agricultural technology and farming.
Initially established in order to address standardization work for ISOBUS systems (ISO 11783, e.g. [i.5] and [i.6]), the
AEF's focus was expanded to a wider range of topics including electrification, camera systems, farm management
information systems, Ethernet communication and wireless in-field communication. Specifically, Project Team 11 (PT
11) handles wireless in-field communication. PT 11's focus spans from technology decisions for suitable radio standards
and corresponding transport layer protocols for machine-to-machine (M2M) communication to vehicle security and
functional reliability.
ISO 11783 [i.25] is a family of fourteen standards that specify the communication between connected Electronic
Control Units (ECU) on the vehicle network of tractors and self-propelled agricultural machines as well as on
detachable, pulled farm equipment. Parts 1 to 14 of the standard cover all layers of the protocol stack ranging from a
Controller Area Network (CAN) topology at the physical layer up to the specification of control functions (CF) and
Virtual Terminal (VT, remote control) sessions on application layer. All communication utilizes industry-wide
standardized data dictionaries.
A typical ISO 11783 scenario comprises a tractor pulling a planter connected to the tractor's main ECU (Tractor ECU,
TECU) via the ISOBUS network: The planter's domain-specific functionalities are being remote controlled via the VT
(display) in the tractor cabin. At the same time the planter is receiving wheel speed and positioning signals from the
TECU in order to adjust the planting rate to a user-defined target rate. The planter sends sensor data on work coverage
and precision to the tractor network in order to be recorded by the corresponding ISO 11783 applications. In particular,
via ISO 11783-7 [i.5] (Implement Messages Application Layer) and ISO 11783-9 [i.6] (Tractor ECU), the ISO 11783
implement network provides a gateway for the exchange of information between all the platforms of the agriculture &
forestry industry.
ETSI

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11 ETSI TR 103 545 V1.1.1 (2018-08)
The objective of the present document is to provide the necessary input for a pilot Plugtests™ event to validate the
possible cooperation between the oneM2M platform [i.1] and AEF ISO 11783 standards [i.5], [i.6], [i.10], [i.11], [i.14],
[i.15], [i.16] and [i.17] implemented for communication inside and between agriculture & forestry machines. ETSI TC
ITS standards, such as ETSI EN 302 637-3 [i.4] (Decentralized Environmental Notification Basic Service) are part of
this cooperation in the use case to be demonstrated.
TM
The pilot Plugtests will focus on the interworking between the oneM2M platform and AEF ISO 11783 standards
implemented for communication inside and between agriculture & forestry machines. The demonstrated use case will
also make use of Cooperative ITS messages, described in ETSI TC ITS standards, such as ETSI EN 302 637-3 [i.4]
(Decentralized Environmental Notification Basic Service).
4.2 Objective
The main scenario envisioned for the pilot Plugtests™ event consists in the dissemination of a warning message to road
vehicles as soon as an agriculture or forestry equipment leaves the field for road transport. The coordination between
the detection of this event and the sending of the notification message will be done using an oneM2M platform in the
tractor.

Figure 1: Schematic: Agriculture or forestry equipment leaves field and enters a road
5 Scenario definition and collection of requirements
5.1 Detection of slow agriculture or forestry equipment on the
road
5.1.1 Description
The scenario addresses the case when an agriculture or forestry equipment manoeuvring in a field enters a public road
where other vehicles are passing by. This scenario is an adaptation and evolution of the test "
...