FprEN 16517

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 16517:2017
01-april-2017
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Agricultural and forestry machinery - Mobile yarders for timber logging - Safety

Land- und Forstmaschinen - Mobile Seilkrananlagen für den Holztransport - Sicherheit

Matériel agricole et forestier - Téléphériques forestiers mobiles pour l'exploitation du bois

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

Matériel agricole et forestier - Téléphériques forestiers Land- und Forstmaschinen - Mobile Seilkrananlagen

mobiles pour l'exploitation du bois - Sécurité für den Holztransport - Sicherheit

This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations

which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other

language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,

Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without

© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 16517:2017 E

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 4

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................... 5

1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 6

2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 6

3 Terms and definitions ................................................................................................................................... 8

4 List of significant hazards ......................................................................................................................... 12

5 Safety requirements and / or protective risk reduction measures ........................................... 16

5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 16

5.2 Structural calculations ............................................................................................................................... 16

5.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 16

5.2.2 Information to be given in the calculation .......................................................................................... 16

5.2.3 Loads and forces ........................................................................................................................................... 17

5.2.4 Load combinations ...................................................................................................................................... 17

5.3 Stress analyzes .............................................................................................................................................. 17

5.4 Mechanical arrangements......................................................................................................................... 17

5.4.1 Tower................................................................................................................................................................ 17

5.4.2 Guying ............................................................................................................................................................... 18

5.4.3 Stabilizers ....................................................................................................................................................... 18

5.4.4 Securing for transport ................................................................................................................................ 18

5.5 Rope drive – Drive mechanism ............................................................................................................... 18

5.5.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 18

5.5.2 Ropes ................................................................................................................................................................ 19

5.5.3 Winches ........................................................................................................................................................... 19

5.5.4 Designs of blocks, drums, traction sheave .......................................................................................... 20

5.5.5 Brake................................................................................................................................................................. 20

5.6 Carriage ........................................................................................................................................................... 21

5.6.1 Derailing .......................................................................................................................................................... 21

5.6.2 Stopping devices ........................................................................................................................................... 21

5.6.3 Carriage clamp .............................................................................................................................................. 21

5.6.4 Drums and pulleys ....................................................................................................................................... 21

5.6.5 Load balance .................................................................................................................................................. 21

5.6.6 Diameter of pulley and roller .................................................................................................................. 21

5.7 Hydraulic system .......................................................................................................................................... 21

5.8 Limiting and indicating devices .............................................................................................................. 22

5.8.1 Load limiter .................................................................................................................................................... 22

5.8.2 Motion limiters ............................................................................................................................................. 22

5.8.3 Speed limiters ................................................................................................................................................ 22

5.8.4 Acoustic /visual warnings ......................................................................................................................... 22

5.9 Controls ............................................................................................................................................................ 22

5.9.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 22

5.9.2 Emergency devices against uncontrolled 'carriage' downhill movement ............................... 23

5.9.3 Symbols ............................................................................................................................................................ 23

5.10 Control stations ............................................................................................................................................. 23

5.10.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 23

5.10.2 Operator cabin ............................................................................................................................................... 23

5.10.3 Ground control .............................................................................................................................................. 24

5.10.4 Controls for setting up ................................................................................................................................ 24

5.11 Platform and ladder ..................................................................................................................................... 24

5.11.1 Platform ........................................................................................................................................................... 24

5.11.2 Ladder ............................................................................................................................................................... 24

5.11.3 Strength and rigidity of components ..................................................................................................... 24

5.12 Electrical systems and related phenomena ........................................................................................ 25

5.13 Assembly of machine components ......................................................................................................... 25

5.13.1 Attachment to three point hitch system ............................................................................................... 25

5.13.2 Combination of components of different manufacturers .............................................................. 25

6 Verification of safety requirements and measures .......................................................................... 25

7 Information for use ...................................................................................................................................... 26

7.1 Mounting instructions................................................................................................................................. 26

7.1.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 26

7.1.2 Instructions for assembly .......................................................................................................................... 26

7.2 Markings .......................................................................................................................................................... 26

7.2.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 26

7.2.2 Manufacturer's plate ................................................................................................................................... 26

7.2.3 Installer's plate .............................................................................................................................................. 27

7.2.4 Load signs ........................................................................................................................................................ 27

7.2.5 Warnings .......................................................................................................................................................... 27

7.3 Operator's manual........................................................................................................................................ 28

Annex A (informative) Risk zone ........................................................................................................................... 30

Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential

Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered ............................................... 32

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 33

This document (prEN 16517:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors

and machinery for agriculture and forestry”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the

European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).

For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA which is an integral part of this document.

Cable yarders in the context of this document are machines consisting of a yarder (including all

components), ropes (cables, lines) and a transporter system (carriage, rider block or butt rigg) where

the trees/logs/wooden biomass is hooked on to the transporter. The yarder is mounted on a chassis

(wheeled, tracked or sledge frame) and is designed for a quick change of location. In most cases the

Typical operation for cable yarders is the close collaboration of mechanised components with workers;

in often rough terrain. Cable yarding includes a lot of manual work in very difficult terrain where the

weight of the tools and ropes has a direct impact on the operators ergonomic work load. Ergonomics

play therefore an important role in choosing adequate working coefficients for all elements. A review of

the relevant literature; historical experience and operation of cable yarders have indicated a wide range

This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the

— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance etc.)

Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the

— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);

The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events

When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-

B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the

other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this

This European Standard gives safety requirements, and the means of verification, for the design and

construction of mobile yarders for logging of forest products and their mounting. It counts for all

logging operations with cable yarders both in sloped and flat terrain. In addition, it specifies the type of

information on safe working practices (including residual risks) meant to be provided by the

It deals with the significant hazards (as listed in Table 1), hazardous situations and events relevant to

mobile yarders used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clauses 4

The specifications of cabin in this context are only relevant for the yarder or a yarder-loader

combination. The cabin and the chassis of the vehicle (prime mover), to which the yarder is mounted

The Document deals with all the significant hazards (as listed in Table 1), hazardous situations and

events relevant to mobile yarders when they are used as intended and under the conditions of misuse

reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clauses 4 and 5). This document is not applicable to

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are

indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

EN 349:1993+A1:2008, Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body

EN 12077-2:1998+A1:2008, Cranes safety - Requirements for health and safety - Part 2: Limiting and

EN 12385-1:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 1: General requirements

EN 12385-2:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 2: Definitions, designation and classification

EN 12385-3:2004+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 3: Information for use and maintenance

EN 12385-4:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting

EN 12965:2003+A2:2009, Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry - Power take-off (PTO)

EN 13001-3-1:2012+A1:2013, Cranes - General Design - Part 3-1: Limit States and proof competence of

EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 1: General requirements

EN 60204-32:2008, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - Part 32: Requirements for

EN 61000-6-2:2005, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-2: Generic standards – Immunity for

EN 61000-6-4:2007, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-4: Generic standards – Emission

EN ISO 3411:2007, Earth-moving machinery - Physical dimensions of operators and minimum operator

EN ISO 3449:2008, Earth-moving machinery - Falling-object protective structures - Laboratory tests and

EN ISO 4254-1:2015, Agricultural machinery – Safety – Part 1: General requirements (ISO 4254-1:2015)

EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their

EN ISO 11850:2011, Machinery for forestry - General safety requirements (ISO 11850:2011)

EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk

EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery – Safety-related parts of control systems – Part 1: General

EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery ― Emergency stop ― Principles for design (ISO 13850:2015)

EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by

ISO 730:2009+A1:2014, Agricultural wheeled tractors ― Rear-mounted three-point linkage ― Categories

ISO 3600:2015, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment –

ISO 4309:2010, Cranes — Wire ropes — Care and maintenance, inspection and discard

ISO 8083:2006, Machinery for forestry — Falling-object protective structures (FOPS) — Laboratory tests

ISO 8084:2003, Machinery for forestry — Operator protective structures — Laboratory tests and

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the

suspended cable used as an elevated rope along which a carriage can be pulled or moved

skyline anchored at one end of the cableway at the ‘tail’ end of which the cable length (and tension

skyline moving along two lines which allows the logs/load to be kept close to the terrain profile

mobile or semi mobile unit that consists of a set of winch drums/pulley’s to operate lines for a

Note 1 to entry: An ancillary carriage is pulled or moved by a cable (main line and/or haul back line) on the

suspended cable way which is used to bring the trees/logs/wooden biomass to the unloading zone. It can be

yarder mounted to a vehicle or a trailer (prime mover) with integrated tower that can be tilted to

system of swivels, chain-like links, shackles, and bull hooks connected between the mainline and the

Note 1 to entry: Chokers are attached to the butt rig with choker hooks, (see 3.23).

block running (riding) on the haul backline to lift the butt rig which is connected to the rider block with

wheeled equipment that moves along the carrier line (skyline) with components to transport and lift

Note 1 to entry: Movement can be provided by the mainline, haul-backline or separate integral engine.

cable to pull the carriage directly to the yarder that can also be used for lifting, lowering and lateral

cable to pull the carriage away from the yarder that can also be used for lifting, lowering and lateral

cable for additional functions – like lowering and lifting of other lines, activating clamps, switching

operations, activities to supply the setup – without carrying or retaining function

cable exclusively to lower, lift and lateral haul the load (trees/logs/wooden biomass)

fixed ropes to stabilise the yarder, the intermediate supports or spar trees under the applied loads

cable (separate drive) to pull away the loads from the landing zone that can be used for lateral

light weight cable (separate drive) exclusively for installation and dismantling purposes

cable, belt, strop or chain to attach components to stumps, trees, plate and pin, earth anchors or rock

equipment to bundle/concentrate the load constructed from either polypropylene rope, steel rope or

system of cables, chains, belts and similar parts to setup, fix towers and supports in a stable position

brake that applies when the control device is not actively held in the open position

position where the control units of the yarder/cable-winch and/or carriage are placed

mechanical parts to guarantee (sometimes in combination with guylines) to keep the tower yarder in

Note 1 to entry: That is important for automatic controlled moves in order to avoid the driving into areas where

other activities need the attention of operators and hind them to take over the control of the movements

Note 1 to entry: If the inclination of the cableway is step enough, gravity is used to bring the carriage down to

Note 1 to entry: The traditional system had a sled winch at the uphill position and used gravity to move the

carriage with the load downhill. Modern tower yarders are positioned on the bottom, of the skyline. A haul back

line or self-propelled carriage is used to bring the carriage upward to the loading spot.

yarding system for flat areas where the carriage have to be actively moved in both directions (in and

system where the skyline is fixed on both ends, with the forces resulting of the pretension, the payload

system where the skyline can be hauled in or out during operation, used to lead the logs hooked to the

Note 1 to entry: Part of the load is on the ground and therefore the payload is reduced.

system where the skyline is installed as a loop with a winch on both ends, the rider block, carriage or a

simple butt rig being fixed between the skyline (mainline) and the haul back line