EN ISO 22459:2024

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-november-2024
Fina keramika (sodobna keramika, sodobna tehnična keramika) - Ojačitev
keramičnih kompozitov - Ugotavljanje porazdelitve natezne trdnosti in
deformacij/obremenitev vlaken v svežnjih pri temperaturi okolice (ISO 22459:2024)
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) - Reinforcement of
ceramic composites - Determination of distribution of tensile strength and tensile strain to
failure of filaments within a multifilament tow at ambient temperature (ISO 22459:2024)
Hochleistungskeramik - Faserverstärkungen von keramischen Verbundwerkstoffen -
Bestimmung der Verteilung von Zugfestigkeit und Zugdehnung bis zum Versagen von
Filamenten innerhalb eines Multifilamentkabels bei Raumtemperatur (ISO 22459:2024)
Céramiques techniques - Renfort de céramiques composites - Détermination de la
distribution de la résistance en traction et de la déformation à la rupture en traction de
filaments dans un fil multifilamentaire à température ambiante (ISO 22459:2024)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 22459:2024
ICS:
81.060.30 Sodobna keramika Advanced ceramics
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 22459
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 81.060.30 Supersedes EN ISO 22459:2022
English Version
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical
ceramics) - Reinforcement of ceramic composites -
Determination of distribution of tensile strength and
tensile strain to failure of filaments within a multifilament
tow at ambient temperature (ISO 22459:2024)
Céramiques techniques - Renfort de céramiques Hochleistungskeramik - Faserverstärkungen von
composites - Détermination de la distribution de la keramischen Verbundwerkstoffen - Bestimmung der
résistance en traction et de la déformation à la rupture Verteilung von Zugfestigkeit und Zugdehnung bis zum
en traction de filaments dans un fil multifilamentaire à Versagen von Filamenten innerhalb eines
température ambiante (ISO 22459:2024) Multifilamentkabels bei Raumtemperatur (ISO
22459:2024)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 June 2024.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 22459:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 22459:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206 "Fine
ceramics" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 184 “Advanced technical ceramics” the
secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2025, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2025.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 22459:2022.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 22459:2024 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 22459:2024 without any modification.

International
Standard
ISO 22459
Second edition
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics,
2024-08
advanced technical ceramics) —
Reinforcement of ceramic
composites — Determination of
distribution of tensile strength and
tensile strain to failure of filaments
within a multifilament tow at
ambient temperature
Céramiques techniques — Renfort de céramiques composites —
Détermination de la distribution de la résistance en traction et de
la déformation à la rupture en traction de filaments dans un fil
multifilamentaire à température ambiante
Reference number
ISO 22459:2024(en) © ISO 2024
ISO 22459:2024(en)
© ISO 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 22459:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Significance and use . 2
6 Apparatus . 3
6.1 Tensile testing equipment .3
6.2 Data recording .4
7 Test specimen . 4
7.1 General .4
7.2 Window type specimen .4
7.3 Cylindrical end type specimen .4
8 Test specimen preparation . 5
8.1 General .5
8.2 Window type specimen .5
8.3 Cylindrical end type specimen .6
8.4 Number of test specimens .6
9 Test procedure . 6
9.1 Determination of the initial cross-section area .6
9.2 Determination of the gauge length .6
9.3 Gripping .6
9.4 Selection of strain rate .7
9.5 Test procedure .7
9.6 Determination of load train compliance .7
9.7 Test validity .8
10 Calculation of results . 8
10.1 Calculation of the load train compliance C .8
l
10.2 Calculation of probability of filament rupture P from the tests on specimens with a
j
gauge length of 200 mm .10
10.2.1 Determination of the true origin .10
10.2.2 Construction of envelope curve and determination of instantaneous compliance
C .10
t,j
10.2.3 Probability of filament rupture .11
10.3 Distribution of filament rupture strain .11
10.3.1 Calculation of filament rupture strain .11
10.3.2 Filament rupture strain distribution .11
10.4 Distribution of filament strength . 12
10.4.1 Initial cross-section area . 12
10.4.2 Calculation of filament strength . 12
10.4.3 Filament strength distribution . . 13
10.4.4 Average filament strengths . 13
10.4.5 Mean filament strength .14
11 Test report . 14
Annex A (informative) Abstract of the handbook of mathematical functions .15
Bibliography .16

iii
ISO 22459:2024(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics, in collaboration with
the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 184, Advanced technical
ceramics, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna
Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 22459:2020), of which it constitutes a minor
revision.
The changes are as follows:
— Figure 2 has been updated;
— Figure 3 has been updated.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
International Standard ISO 22459:2024(en)
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical
ceramics) — Reinforcement of ceramic composites —
Determination of distribution of tensile strength and tensile
strain to failure of filaments within a multifilament tow at
ambient temperature
1 Scope
This document specifies the conditions for the determination of the distribution of strength and rupture
strain of ceramic filaments within a multifilament tow at room temperature by performing a tensile test on
a multifilament tow.
This document applies to dry tows of continuous ceramic filaments that are assumed to act freely and
independently under loading and exhibit linear elastic behaviour up to failure. The outputs of this method
are not to be mixed up with the strengths of embedded tows determined by using ISO 24046.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials — Calibration and verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1:
Tension/compression testing machines — Calibration and verification of the force-measuring system
ISO 10119, Carbon fibre — Determination of density
EN 1007-2, Advanced technical ceramics — Ceramic composites — Methods of test for reinforcements — Part 2:
Determination of linear density
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
gauge length
L
initial distance between two reference points on the tow
Note 1 to entry: Usually the gauge length is taken as the distance between the gripped ends of the tow.
3.2
initial cross-section area
S
cross-section area of the tow
ISO 22459:2024(en)
3.3
tow elongation
A
increase of the gauge length during the tensile test
3.4.1
total compliance
C
t
ratio of the measured displacement to the corresponding force during the tensile test
3.4.2
load train compliance
C
l
ratio of the load train elongation, excluding the specimen contribution, to the corresponding force during
the tensile test
3.5
strain
ε
ratio of the tow elongation A to the gauge length L
3.6
filament rupture strain
ε
r,j
strain at step j in the non-linear parts of the force-displacement curve
3.7
filament strength
σ
r,j
ratio of the tensile force to the cross-section area of all unbroken filaments at step j in the non-linear parts
of the force-displacement curve
3.8
average filament strength
σ
r
statistical average strength of the filaments in the tow for each test determined from the Weibull strength
distribution parameters of the filaments
3.9
mean filament strength
σ
r
arithmetic mean of the average strengths
4 Principle
A multifilament tow is loaded in tension at a constant displacement rate up to rupture of all the filaments
in the tow. The force an
...