EN ISO 18754:2022

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 1389:2004
SIST EN 623-2:2000
Fina keramika (sodobna keramika, sodobna tehnična keramika) - Določanje
gostote in navidezne poroznosti (ISO 18754:2020)
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) - Determination of
density and apparent porosity (ISO 18754:2020)
Hochleistungskeramik - Bestimmung der Dichte und der scheinbaren Porosität (ISO
18754:2020)
Céramiques techniques - Détermination de la masse volumique et de la porosité
apparente (ISO 18754:2020)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 18754:2022
ICS:
81.060.30 Sodobna keramika Advanced ceramics
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 18754
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 81.060.30 Supersedes EN 1389:2003, EN 623-2:1993
English Version
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical
ceramics) - Determination of density and apparent
porosity (ISO 18754:2020)
Céramiques techniques - Détermination de la masse Hochleistungskeramik - Bestimmung der Dichte und
volumique et de la porosité apparente (ISO der scheinbaren Porosität (ISO 18754:2020)
18754:2020)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 March 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 18754:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
The text of ISO 18754:2020 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206 "Fine ceramics” of
the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 18754:2022
by Technical Committee CEN/TC 184 “Advanced technical ceramics” the secretariat of which is held by
DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by October 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 1389:2003 and EN 623-2:1993.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 18754:2020 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18754:2022 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18754
Third edition
2020-04
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics,
advanced technical ceramics) —
Determination of density and
apparent porosity
Céramiques techniques — Détermination de la masse volumique et de
la porosité apparente
Reference number
ISO 18754:2020(E)
©
ISO 2020
ISO 18754:2020(E)
© ISO 2020
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Fax: +41 22 749 09 47
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

ISO 18754:2020(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Method by liquid displacement (Method A) . 2
4.1 Principle . 2
4.2 Apparatus . 2
4.3 Test pieces . 3
4.3.1 General requirements . 3
4.3.2 Specific requirements for ceramic matrix composites . 3
4.4 Procedure . 4
4.4.1 Determination of the mass of the dried test piece . 4
4.4.2 Impregnation of the test piece with the immersion liquid . 4
4.4.3 Determination of the apparent mass of the test piece . 4
4.4.4 Determination of the mass of the soaked test piece . 5
4.4.5 Determination of the density of the immersion liquid . 5
4.5 Accuracy of mass measurement . . 5
4.6 Expression of results . 5
4.6.1 Apparent solid density . . 5
4.6.2 Bulk density . 6
4.6.3 Apparent porosity . 6
5 Method by measurement of dimensions and mass (Method B) .6
5.1 Principle . 6
5.2 Apparatus . 6
5.3 Test pieces . 7
5.3.1 General requirements . 7
5.3.2 Specific requirements for ceramic matrix composites . 7
5.4 Procedure . 8
5.4.1 Determination of the mass of the dried test pieces . 8
5.4.2 Determination of the dimensions of the dried test pieces . 8
5.5 Expression of results . 8
6 Test report . 8
Bibliography .10
ISO 18754:2020(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 18754:2013), which has been technically
revised. The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— clarification of the different methods covered by the document;
— extension of the applicability field of the method to ceramic matrix composites (including the fibre
reinforced matrix);
— incorporation of specific requirements in terms of geometry and sizes of the test specimens in
this case.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18754:2020(E)
Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical
ceramics) — Determination of density and apparent
porosity
1 Scope
This document specifies methods for the determination of the apparent solid density, bulk density,
apparent porosity and geometric bulk density of fine ceramics, including all ceramic matrix composites.
Two methods are described and are designated as Methods A and B, as follows:
— Method A: Determination of bulk density, apparent solid density and apparent porosity by liquid
displacement (Archimedes' method).
NOTE 1 This method is not appropriate for the determination of an apparent porosity greater than 10 %. For
materials with higher porosity, the accuracy of the measurement might not be satisfactory. This method might
also not give a satisfactory open porosity result if it is less than 0,5 %.
NOTE 2 This method is also not suitable for materials which are known to have an average pore size of greater
than 600 µm.
— Method B: Determination of bulk density only, by measurement of geometric dimensions and mass.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 386, Liquid-in-glass laboratory thermometers — Principles of design, construction and use
ISO 758, Liquid chemical products for industrial use — Determination of density at 20 ° C
ISO 13385-1, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensional measuring equipment — Part 1:
Design and metrological characteristics of callipers
ISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
open pore
pore that is penetrated by an immersion liquid, or that is connected to the atmosphere, either directly
or via one another
ISO 18754:2020(E)
3.2
closed pore
pore that is not penetrated by the immersion liquid, or that is not connected to the atmosphere
3.3
bulk volume
V
b
sum of the respective volumes of the solid material, the open pores (3.1) and the closed pores (3.2) in a
porous body
3.4
apparent solid volume
V
a
sum of the respective volumes of the solid material and the closed pores (3.2) in a porous body
3.5
bulk density
ρ
b
ratio of the mass of the dry material of a porous body to its bulk volume (3.3)
3.6
apparent solid density
ρ
a
ratio of the mass of the dry material of a porous body to its apparent solid volume (3.4)
3.7
apparent porosity
π
a
ratio of the total volume of the open pores (3.1) in a porous body to its bulk volume (3.3)
3.8
theoretical density
density of pore-free material
3.9
geometric bulk density
bulk density (3.5) of a
...