EN ISO 148-3:2008

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2009
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SIST EN 10045-2:1996
SIST EN 10045-2:1996/AC1:1997
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Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 3: Preparation and
characterization of Charpy V-notch test pieces for indirect verification of pendulum
impact machines (ISO 148-3:2008)
Metallische Werkstoffe - Kerbschlagbiegeversuch nach Charpy - Teil 3: Vorbereitung und
Charakterisierung von Charpy-V-Referenzproben für die Prüfung der Prüfmaschinen
(Pendelschlagwerke) (ISO 148-3:2008)
Matériaux métalliques - Essai de flexion par choc sur éprouvette Charpy - Partie 3:
Préparation et caractérisation des éprouvettes Charpy a entaille en V pour la vérification
indirecte des machines d'essai (mouton-pendule) (ISO 148-3:2008)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 148-3:2008
ICS:
77.040.10 Mehansko preskušanje kovin Mechanical testing of metals
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 148-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2008
ICS 77.040.10
English Version
Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 3:
Preparation and characterization of Charpy V-notch test pieces
for indirect verification of pendulum impact machines (ISO 148-
3:2008)
Matériaux métalliques - Essai de flexion par choc sur Metallische Werkstoffe - Kerbschlagbiegeversuch nach
éprouvette Charpy - Partie 3: Préparation et caractérisation Charpy - Teil 3: Vorbereitung und Charakterisierung von
des éprouvettes Charpy à entaille en V pour la vérification Charpy-V-Referenzproben für die indirekte Prüfung der
indirecte des machines d'essai mouton-pendule (ISO 148- Prüfmaschinen (Pendelschlagwerke) (ISO 148-3:2008)
3:2008)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 November 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 148-3:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3

Foreword
This document (EN ISO 148-3:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164 "Mechanical
testing of metals" in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 1 "Steel - Mechanical testing" the
secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2009.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 148-3:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 148-3:2008 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 148-3
Second edition
2008-12-15
Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum
impact test —
Part 3:
Preparation and characterization of
Charpy V-notch test pieces for indirect
verification of pendulum impact
machines
Matériaux métalliques — Essai de flexion par choc sur éprouvette
Charpy —
Partie 3: Préparation et caractérisation des éprouvettes Charpy à
entaille en V pour la vérification indirecte des machines d'essai mouton-
pendule
Reference number
ISO 148-3:2008(E)
©
ISO 2008
ISO 148-3:2008(E)
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ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 148-3:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 1
3.1 Definitions pertaining to the machine . 1
3.2 Definitions pertaining to energy. 2
3.3 Definitions related to groups of test pieces. 2
3.4 Definitions pertaining to test pieces. 2
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 3
5 Reference testing machine . 4
5.1 Characteristics . 4
5.2 Verification of reference testing machine . 6
5.3 Use of reference testing machine . 6
6 Reference test pieces. 7
6.1 General. 7
6.2 Material . 7
6.3 Dimensions. 7
6.4 Marking . 8
6.5 Qualification of a batch of reference test pieces.8
6.6 Reference test piece sets. 8
7 Certificates for reference test pieces. 9
8 Notes for using sets of reference test pieces. 9
Annex A (informative) Uncertainty of the certified KV value of Charpy reference materials . 12
Bibliography . 19

ISO 148-3:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 148-3 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee
SC 4, Toughness testing — Fracture (F), Pendulum (P), Tear (T).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 148-3:1998) which has been technically revised.
ISO 148 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact
test:
⎯ Part 1: Test method
⎯ Part 2: Verification of testing machines
⎯ Part 3: Preparation and characterization of Charpy V-notch test pieces for indirect verification of
pendulum impact machines
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 148-3:2008(E)
Introduction
The suitability of a pendulum impact testing machine for acceptance testing of metallic materials has usually
been based on a calibration of its scale and verification of compliance with specified dimensions, such as the
shape and spacing of the anvils supporting the specimen. The scale calibration is commonly verified by
measuring the mass of the pendulum and its elevation at various scale readings. This procedure for
evaluation of machines had the distinct advantage of requiring only measurements of quantities that could be
traced to national standards. The objective nature of these traceable measurements minimized the necessity
for arbitration regarding the suitability of the machines for material acceptance tests.
However, sometimes two machines that had been evaluated by the direct-verification procedures described
above, and which met all dimensional requirements, were found to give significantly different impact values
when testing test pieces of the same material. This difference was commercially important when values
obtained using one machine met the material specification, while the values obtained using the other machine
did not. To avoid such disagreements, some purchasers of materials added the requirement that all pendulum
impact testing machines used for acceptance testing of material sold to them must be indirectly verified by
testing reference test pieces supplied by them. A machine was considered acceptable only if the values
obtained using the machine agreed, within specified limits, with the value furnished with the reference test
pieces.
Successful experience in the use of reference test pieces led to the requirement in ISO 148-2 that indirect
verification must be performed using reference test pieces in addition to direct verification. National standards
and codes also require indirect verification using reference test pieces; for example, EN 10045-2 and
ASTM E 23 require the use of reference test pieces. The purpose of this part of ISO 148 is to specify the
requirements, preparation and methods for qualifying test pieces used for the indirect verification of pendulum
impact testing machines.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 148-3:2008(E)

Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test —
Part 3:
Preparation and characterization of Charpy V-notch test pieces
for indirect verification of pendulum impact machines
1 Scope
This part of ISO 148 covers the requirements, preparation and methods for qualifying test pieces used for the
indirect verification of pendulum impact testing machines in accordance with ISO 148-2.
It specifies notched test pieces with nominal dimensions identical to those specified in ISO 148-1; however,
the tolerances are more stringent.
NOTE 1 The chemical composition or heat treatment or both are varied according to the energy level desired.
NOTE 2 Reference test pieces are qualified on reference pendulum impact testing machines which are also described
in this part of ISO 148.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 148-1, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method
ISO 148-2, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 2: Verification of testing machines
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1 Definitions pertaining to the machine
3.1.1
industrial machine
pendulum impact testing machine used for industrial, general or most research-laboratory testing of metallic
materials
NOTE These machines are not used to establish reference values.
3.1.2
reference machine
pendulum impact testing machine used to determine certified values for batches of reference test pieces
ISO 148-3:2008(E)
3.2 Definitions pertaining to energy
3.2.1
total absorbed energy
K
T
total absorbed energy required to break a test piece with a pendulum impact testing machine, which is not
corrected for any losses of energy
NOTE It is equal to the difference in the potential energy from the starting position of the pendulum to the end of the
first half swing during which the test piece is broken.
3.2.2
absorbed energy
K
energy required to break a test piece with a pendulum impact testing machine, after correction for friction
NOTE The letter V or U is used to indicate the notch geometry, that is KV or KU. The number 2 or 8 is used as a
subscript to indicate striker radius, for example KV .
3.2.3
reference absorbed energy
K
R
certified value of absorbed energy assigned to the test pieces used to verify the performance of pendulum
impact testing machines
3.3 Definitions related to groups of test pieces
3.3.1
batch
definite quantity of reference test pieces manufactured under identical conditions of production, with a
common certified absorbed energy
3.3.2
set
group of test pieces chosen at random from a batch
3.3.2.1
characterization set
set of test pieces taken from a batch in accordance with Clause 6 and used to determine the reference energy
of the batch
3.3.2.2
reference set
set of test pieces chosen in accordance with Clauses 6 and 8 and used to verify a pendulum impact testing
machine
3.4 Definitions pertaining to test pieces
3.4.1
height
distance between the notched face and the opposite face
3.4.2
width
dimension perpendicular to the height that is parallel to the notch
3.4.3
length
largest dimension perpendicular to the notch
2 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 148-3:2008(E)
3.4.4
reference test piece
impact test piece used to verify the suitability of pendulum impact testing machines by comparing the
indicated absorbed energy measured by that machine to the reference absorbed energy associated with the
test pieces
3.4.5
certified reference test piece
impact test piece accompanied by a certificate the certified absorbed energy value, K , accompanied by an
R
uncertainty at a stated level of confidence
NOTE The certified reference value is the value determined by a certified national or international body.
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the symbols and abbreviated terms given in Table 1 are applicable.
Table 1 — Symbols/abbreviated terms and their designations and units
Symbol/
abbreviated Unit Designation
term
CRM — Certified reference material
GUM — Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement
ISO — International Organization for Standardization
k — Coverage factor
K J Absorbed energy
K J Total absorbed energy
T
K J Reference absorbed energy of a set of Charpy reference test pieces

R
KV J Absorbed energy as measured in accordance with ISO 148-1 on a V-notched sample
KV value as determined for a batch of V-notched Charpy reference materials in a batch
KV J
char
certification characterization exercise
KV J Certified KV value of a PB reference material
PB
KV J Certified KV value of a Charpy reference material
R
KV J Certified KV value of an SB reference material
SB
n — Number of samples tested for the homogeneity assessment
hom
n — Number of PB specimens used to compare SB with PB
PB
n — Number of SB specimens used to compare SB with PB
SB
Number of reference samples tested for the indirect verification of a pendulum impact
n —
V
testing machine
p — Number of laboratories/instruments participating in a laboratory comparison
PB — Primary batch
REMCO — ISO Committee on reference materials
RM — Reference material
SB — Secondary batch
s J Standard deviation of the mean KV values obtained at p laboratories
p
Standard deviation of results obtained on n PB samples when comparing them with n
PB SB
s J
PB
SB samples
ISO 148-3:2008(E)
Table 1 (continued)
Symbol/
abbreviated Unit Designation
term
Standard deviation of the KV values obtained on n samples in the homogeneity
hom
s J
RM
assessment of the batch of reference material
u J Standard uncertainty of KV
char
char
u J Standard uncertainty of KV for a PB
char,PB char
u J Standard uncertainty of KV for an SB
char,SB
char
u J Standard uncertainty of the homogeneity assessment of the reference material
hom
u J Standard uncertainty of the long-term-stability assessment of the reference material
lts
Standard uncertainty of the certified value of a reference material used for indirect
u J
RM
verification
Expanded uncertainty of the certified value of a reference material at a confidence level of
U J
RM
about 95 %
u J Standard uncertainty of the short-term-stability assessment of a reference material
sts
u J Standard uncertainty of X
PB
XPB
u J Standard uncertainty of X
SB
XSB
X J Mean of n specimens used to compare SB with PB
PB
PB
X J Mean of n specimens used to compare SB with PB
SB SB
δ KV J Part of the error of the measured KV value due to batch heterogeneity
hom
δ KV J Part of the error of the measured KV value due to long-term instability
lts
δ KV J Part of the error of the measured KV value due to short-term instability
sts
ν — Degrees of freedom corresponding to u
char char
ν — Degrees of freedom corresponding to u
hom hom
ν — Degrees of freedom corresponding to u
RM RM
5 Reference testing machine
5.1 Characteristics
5.1.1 General
The characteristics of reference machines used to determine the reference energy of reference test pieces shall
comply with the requirements of ISO 148-2 except as modified below.
5.1.2 Geometrical characteristics (see Table 2 and Figures 1 and 2)
The following geometrical characteristics apply:
+ 0,10
a) the radius of the anvils shall be
1 mm.
( )
0,00
+ 0,10
b) the distance between the anvils shall be 40 mm.
( )
0,00
c) the striking edge shall remain within ± 0,25 mm of the plane of symmetry of the anvils.
4 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 148-3:2008(E)
Table 2 — Geometrical characteristics
a
Reference number Designation Value Tolerance Units
+0,00
1 Length of test piece 55,00 mm
*
−0,30
2 Half-length of test piece 27,5 ± 0,2 mm
*
3 Height of test piece 10,00 ± 0,06 mm

4 Width of test piece 10,00 ± 0,07 mm
*
5 Ligament length 8,00 ± 0,06 mm

6 Angle of notch 45,0 ± 1,0 degree
*
7 Radius of curvature at base of notch 0,250 ± 0,025 mm

8 Angle between adjacent faces 90,00 ± 0,15 degree
*
Angle between plane of symmetry of notch
9 90 ± 2 degree
and longitudinal axis
+0,10
10 Radius of anvils 1,00 mm
*
−0,00
11 Angle of taper of anvils 11 ± 1,0 degree

+0,10
12 Distance between anvils 40,00 mm
*
−0,00
Distance of striking edge from plane of
13 — ± 0,25 mm
*
symmetry of anvils
14 Angle of striker 30 ± 1 degree

+0,20
15A Radius of striking edge of 2 mm striker 2,00 mm
*
−0,00
15B Radius of striking edge of 8 mm striker 8,00 ± 0,05 mm

15C Radius of shoulder of 8 mm striker 0,25 ± 0,05 mm

15D Width of striking edge of 8 mm striker 4,00 ± 0,05 mm

NOTE 1 Tolerances followed by an asterisk (*) are tighter than those in ISO 148-1 or ISO 148-2.
NOTE 2 Subsize specimens may be used, but the tolerance should change proportionally.
NOTE 3 See Figures 1 and 2.
a
See Figure 1.
5.1.3 Capacity
The capacity of a reference machine (nominal initial potential energy) shall be 300 J or greater.
5.1.4 Hardness
The portions of the striker and the anvils (see Figure 1) that contact the specimen and apply or react to the
impacting force shall have a minimum hardness of 56 HRC.
5.1.5 Vibration
Ensure that the reference machine is not subjected to external vibrations induced by other equipment in close
proximity, such as forging hammers, presses, moving vehicles.
ISO 148-3:2008(E)
NOTE Such vibrations can be detected by placing a small container of water at any convenient location on the
machine framework; the absence of ripples on the water surface indicates that this requirement has been met. Excessive
vibration in a machine firmly fastened to the floor indicates the need for a separate foundation and/or the use of vibration
isolators.
5.1.6 Energy-indicating mechanism
The resolution shall be at least 1/400th of the nominal energy.
5.2 Verification of reference testing machine
Direct verification shall be carried out in accordance with ISO 148-2 and with the additional requirements of 5.1.
Indirect verification shall be carried out using certified reference test pieces. The repeatability and the bias shall be
as specified in Table 3.
All equipment used for inspection and verification of a reference testing machine shall be calibrated and shall
have a certified traceability to the SI System (the international system of units) through the national standards
Bodies. The body performing the verification shall maintain calibration records for all inspection, measurement
and test equipment.
The dates and details of all inspections and repairs shall be documented and maintained for each reference
machine by the owner of the machine.
Table 3 — Repeatability and bias of reference pendulum impact testing machines
Values in joules
Absorbed energy
Repeatability Bias
K
u 3 u 2
< 40
W 40
u 7,5 % of KV u 5 % of KV
R R
Repeatability is the standard deviation of the KV values measured on a least 10 reference test pieces.
V
Bias is given by KVK− V
R
where
KVK++V KV+ .+KV
12 3 n
KV =
n
where
nW10
5.3 Use of reference testing machine
5.3.1 The procedure for the operation of the reference machine shall conform to the requirements of
ISO 148-1 and to the following additional requirements.
5.3.2 The angular position of the pendulum at the extremes of its swing or the impact energy calculated
therefrom shall be automatically recorded in digital or graphical form. These records shall be in permanent
form, available for evaluation at any time until one year after the entire batch of reference test pieces has been
distributed.
5.3.3 The combined air resistance and friction loss resulting from 11 successive half swings shall be
measured and the values recorded before and after testing each characterization set.
6 © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

ISO 148-3:2008(E)
5.3.4 The anvils and striker shall be inspected and measured for compliance annually. If any parts are
found to be damaged, they shall be replaced and the machine shall be re-qualified (see 5.1 and 5.2).
During the annual inspection of the reference machine, the flatness of the anvil surfaces (which absorb the
force transmitted through the test piece) and the adjacent radii shall be examined for wear or damage. The
results of this examination shall be retained until the anvils are replaced or re-machined.
NOTE This examination can be done, for example, by making a replica of the surfaces in silicone rubber or another
low-shrinkage material, or by holographic methods.
The radius (radii) of the striking edge of the striker and the radii of the anvil surfaces which are contacted by
the test piece shall be measured and documented in the same manner.
If it becomes necessary to repair the recording system, it shall be recalibrated before additional tests are
made (see 5.2).
6 Reference test pieces
6.1 General
Guidelines for the preparation, certification, and use of (certified) reference materials have been drawn up by
ISO REMCO, the ISO C
...