prEN 15732

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 15732:2008
01-februar-2008

Toplotnoizolacijski in lahki polnilni proizvodi za inženirske objekte - Proizvodi iz

Light weight fill and thermal insulation products for civil engineering applications (CEA) -

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 88.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which

stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language

made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,

France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and

© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 15732:2007: E

Foreword..............................................................................................................................................................3

1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................3

2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................3

3 Terms, definitions, symbols, units and abbreviated terms...............................................................4

4 Requirements.........................................................................................................................................5

5 Test methods..........................................................................................................................................8

6 Designation code.................................................................................................................................10

7 Evaluation of conformity.....................................................................................................................10

8 Marking and labelling ..........................................................................................................................10

Annex A (normative) Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA -

Triaxial Test for determination of shear strength properties..........................................................11

Foreword............................................................................................................................................................11

Annex B (normative) Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA —

Determination of the resistance to cyclic compressive loading ....................................................25

Annex C (normative) Test for mechanical and physical properties of expanded clay LWA —

Determination of the compressive creep ..........................................................................................31

Annex D (normative) Factory production control ........................................................................................36

Annex E (informative) Tabulated λλ -values of expanded clay LWA in lightweight fill

applications ..........................................................................................................................................37

Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU

Construction Products Directive........................................................................................................38

This document (prEN 15732:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 88 “Thermal

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the

European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). This document has

been progressed to CEN Enquiry even though a confirmation from the Commission that it can be considered as a

candidate harmonized standard is outstanding. An answer is being expected before the formal vote procedure. An

For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA which is an integral part of this document.

This standard describes the product characteristics and includes procedures for testing, marking and labelling.

This European Standard specifies the requirements for loose-fill expanded clay lightweight aggregate

(expanded clay LWA) products for Civil Engineering Applications excluding the use as thermal insulation in

and under buildings which are covered by European Standard EN 14063-1. The standard covers the use of

expanded clay LWA as lightweight fill and insulation materials in embankments for roads, railways and other

This standard does not specify the required level of a given property to be achieved by a product to

demonstrate fitness for purpose in a particular application. The levels required for a given application are to be

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated

references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced

EN 932-1, Test for general properties of aggregates - Part 1: Methods for sampling

EN 932-2, Test for general properties of aggregates - Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples

EN 933-1, Test for geometrical properties of aggregates - Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution -

EN 1097-3, Test for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 3: Determination of loose bulk

EN 1097-5, Test for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 5: Determination of water content

EN 1097-6, Test for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 6: Determination of particle

EN ISO 10456, Thermal insulation building materials and products – Determination of declared and design

EN 12524, Building materials and products – Hygrothermal properties – Tabulated design values

EN 13055-1, Lightweight aggregates – Part 1: Lightweight aggregates for concrete, mortar and grout

EN 13055-2, Lightweight aggregates – Part 2: Lightweight aggregates for bituminous mixtures and surface

EN 13286-4, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures - Part 4: Test methods for laboratory reference

EN 13286-5, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures - Part 5: Test methods for laboratory reference

EN 13286-7, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures - Part 7: Cyclic load triaxial test for unbound mixtures

EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements – Part 1: Classification using

EN 13820, Thermal insulation materials for building applications - Determination of organic content

EN 14063-1, Thermal insulation materials and products – In-situ formed expanded clay lightweight aggregate

products (LWA) – Part 1: Specification for the loose-fill products before installation

For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. Other terms used for insulation

Insulation material or product composed of lightweight granular material having a cellular structure formed by

Deformation at a certain load of a vibrated specimen, given as a load-deformation curve

The stiffness modulus is given as the tangent to the load-deformation curve and shall be related to the level of

Mechanical compression (e.g. by vibrator) of the installed insulation layer, expressed as a percentage of the

Given value, which is the upper or lower limit of a requirement. The level is given by the declared value of the

Combination of two levels of the same property, between which the performance shall fall, where the levels

CS(10) is the symbol of the declared level for compressive strength at 10 % deformation

Product properties shall be assessed in accordance with Clause 5. To conform with this standard, products

Sampling of expanded clay LWA shall be performed according to EN 932-1 and splitting of samples according

One test result on a product property is the average of the measured values on the number of test specimens

Loose bulk density shall be declared and determined in accordance with EN 1097-3. The dry loose bulk

density shall be declared by the manufacturer with steps of 5 kg/m up to a density of 400 kg/m and thereafter

with steps of 10 kg/m . It shall be in the range of ±15% of the manufacturers declared value with a maximum of

NOTE The value of the density used for design purposes will be influenced by compaction and water content

Particle size distribution shall be measured in accordance with EN 933-1, without washing, and shall be

The pair of sieve sizes between which the main proportion of the particles lies shall designate the size and

NOTE Normally the aggregate size for expanded clay LWA products will be in the range 0 mm - 32 mm.

Reaction to fire classification (Euroclasses) shall be determined in accordance with EN 13501-1.

NOTE Expanded clay LWA described in clause 3.1.1 of the standard is classified, without testing, as a class A1

product in accordance with Commission Decision 96/603/EC as amended by decision 2000/605/EC as it is demonstrated

The appropriate durability characteristics have been considered and are covered in 4.2.4.2 to 4.2.4.6.

Note: The product is a clay mineral product burnt to clinkers in a stable structure.

The expanded clay LWA is a ceramic material and is durable against chemicals and biological attack.

If there is no requirement for a property, described in 4.3.2 – 4.3.16, for a product in use, then the property

The thermal conductivity and thermal resistance shall be determined in accordance with EN 14063-1.

For light weight fill applications without thermal insulation requirements it is permitted to declare tabulated

A typical value of 1000 J/kgK can be used for the specific heat capacity of expanded clay LWA, in accordance

The particle density of the grains shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-6, Annex C. It shall be in

The water absorption shall be determined in accordance with EN 1097-6, Annex C. Water absorption test

The compressibility, in terms of load-deformation curve, stiffness modulus, and the compressive strength

CS(10) shall be determined in accordance with EN 13055-2, Annex A. The stiffness modulus shall be given as

the tangent to the load-deformation curve and related to the level of deformation.

NOTE The compressive strength at 10% deformation is not a design value, it is used as a reference value for

material characterisation only. For characterisation of material properties the stiffness modulus and the load at a

The compressive creep, in terms of deformation in % of the height of a vibrated sample, shall be determined

in accordance with Annex C. The load shall be applied in load steps corresponding to stress levels of 50kPa

The shear strength properties shall be determined in accordance with Annex A. The method using the

The cyclic compression shall be determined in accordance with Annex B. The cyclic load shall be applied in

load steps corresponding to stress levels of 50kPa from 50 kPa and upwards. The results shall be given as

The resilient modulus (elastic stiffness) and resistance to permanent deformations shall be determined by

cyclic triaxial tests. Cyclic triaxial testing shall be performed in accordance with EN 13286-7. The multistage

NOTE The development of permanent deformations is highly dependent on the stress history. This should be taken

The property is not measured because the open structure of the final product itself offers no substantial

NOTE Based on experience; the typical graded expanded clay LWA has a measured permeability greater than 10

The property is not measured because the open structure of the final product itself offers no substantial

Note According to EN 12524 a typical water vapour diffusion resistance factor is 2.

The chemical content of the expanded clay LWA shall be determined in accordance with EN 13055-2.

The freezing and thawing resistance of expanded clay LWA shall be determined in accordance with EN

The crushing resistance shall be measured in accordance with EN 13055-1 Annex A. Each vibration time shall

be 30 seconds and the result shall be expressed in N/mm , and in levels with steps of 0,05 N/mm up to 1,0

NOTE The crushing resistance is not a design value, it is used for quality documentation and factory production

If not otherwise prescribed in the test method, the test specimens shall be dried to constant mass at (110 +/-

Table 1 gives the dimensions of the test specimens, the minimum number of measurements required to get one test

A designation code for the product shall be given by the manufacturer. The following shall be included except

The designation code according to this standard for an expanded clay lightweight aggregate product is

The manufacturer or the authorised representative established in the EEA shall be responsible for the

conformity of his product with the requirements of this document. The evaluation of conformity shall be carried

out in accordance with EN 13172 and shall be based on initial type testing (ITT), factory production control

(FPC) by the manufacturer, including product assessment and tests of samples taken from the factory.

ITT shall be carried out in accordance with EN 13172 for all characteristics declared, as listed in Table 1.

If a manufacturer decides to group his products it shall be done in accordance with EN 13172.

The minimum frequencies of tests in the factory production control shall be in accordance with Annex D, Table

D.1. When indirect testing is used, the correlation to direct testing shall be established in accordance with

The manufacturer or the authorized representative shall make available, in response to a request, a certificate

NOTE For the EC certificate and declaration of conformity, as appropriate, see ZA.2.2.

Products conforming with this standard shall be clearly marked on the label on the packaging or on an

– name or identifying mark and address of the manufacturer or his authorised representative;

This draft of static triaxial test for expanded clay LWA is based on the Draft European Standard, which

specifies a procedure for determining the behaviour of unbound mixtures of natural and artificial aggregates

This test description specifies a triaxial test method for determination of strength and deformation properties of

expanded clay LWA and similar products. In a triaxial test an axial deviator stress and a static confining cell

pressure are imposed on a cylindrical specimen of the material. The test procedure shall simulate relevant

conditions and stress states for these materials, for example as found in layers beneath the surface of a

This method is applicable to specimens prepared by compaction in the laboratory, where various compaction

methods may be used to obtain the wanted porosity. This method applies to mixtures, in which all particles

The test methods provide stress paths and tables and plots of stress versus strain. The test results are used

to interpret the strength properties (friction angle φ and cohesion c) of the expanded clay LWA aggregate

under a variety of test conditions, such as different moisture and stress states. The properties determined with

this procedure can be used with classical procedures of limit state soil mechanic to establish the stability or

The resilient properties (Young's modulus and Poisson ratio) determined with this procedure can accordingly

be used with currently established linear elastic layered system theories to calculate the structural responses

The development of relationships to aid in interpreting and evaluating test results is left to the engineering or

For the purposes of this test description the following definitions and symbols in Table A.1 apply.

The triaxial test is used to determine the strength properties (friction angle φ and cohesion c) of expanded clay

LWA. In static triaxial tests a monotonic axial deviator stress and a static confining cell pressure are imposed

on a cylindrical unbound specimen of the material to simulate the average stress range in an unbound layer or

structure. For the determination of these properties, no pre-conditioning phase is needed. The specimen has

This test provides a means of evaluating the properties of expanded clay LWA materials, under a variety of

test conditions, such as different moisture and stress states, that realistically simulate the conditions that exist

It is not possible to study the permanent behaviour of material with this test procedure.

NOTE The resilient properties provide the basic constitutive relationship between stresses and resilient strains of

flexible pavement construction materials for use in structural analysis of multilayer pavement systems.

NOTE There are certain limitations inherent in using triaxial tests to simulate the stress and strain conditions of the

NOTE Non-uniform stress conditions within the test specimen are imposed by the specimen end plates.

NOTE It has been shown that different methods of reconstituting specimens to the same density may result in

significantly different deformation properties. Hence the preparation method is important.

The pressure chamber capable for testing of expanded clay LWA are similar to most standard triaxial cells,

except that they are somewhat larger to facilitate larger samples and the internally mounted load and

deformation measuring equipment. The cells should allow for additional outlets for the electrical leads from the

measuring devices. An example of a triaxial test apparatus and the corresponding terminology is given in

Air, water or silicon oil may be used as the chamber fluid. Water is suitable only if the electrical cables and