EN ISO 18772:2014
(Main)Soil quality - Guidance on leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soils and soil materials (ISO 18772:2008)
Soil quality - Guidance on leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soils and soil materials (ISO 18772:2008)
ISO 18772:2008 provides guidance on the appropriate use of leaching tests on soil and soil materials, in order to determine the leaching behaviour in the framework of impact assessment, or for compliance and comparison purposes, including information on the following:
the choice of leaching tests, depending on the nature of the problem to be solved and the specific features of the different tests;
the interpretation of the test results;
the limitations of the tests.
In this respect, it is important to keep in mind that leaching tests do not aim to simulate real field conditions, but are designed to address the contact between a solid and a liquid phase for different purposes that are described in ISO 18772:2008.
ISO 18772:2008 only concerns natural, contaminated and agricultural soils and soil materials. Questions relating to the leaching of wastes are not covered by ISO 18772:2008. It also does not cover the subject of bioavailability of contaminants to living organisms, which is covered by ISO 17402.
Bodenbeschaffenheit - Anleitung für Elutionsverfahren für die nachfolgende chemische und ökotoxikologische Prüfung von Böden und Bodenmaterialien (ISO 18772:2008)
Die vorliegende Internationale Norm gibt eine Anleitung zur angemessenen Anwendung von Auslaugungs-prüfungen auf Boden und Bodenmaterialien zur Bestimmung des Auslaugungsverhaltens im Rahmen einer Wirkungsabschätzung oder zur Untersuchung auf Übereinstimmung und für Vergleichszwecke, wobei Angaben zu Folgendem eingeschlossen sind:
- die Auswahl von Auslaugungsprüfungen in Abhängigkeit von der Art der Problemstellung und den spezifischen Merkmalen der verschiedenen Prüfungen;
- die Auswertung der Prüfergebnisse;
- die Beschränkungen der Prüfungen.
In dieser Hinsicht ist es wichtig zu beachten, dass Auslaugungsprüfungen nicht dazu dienen, tatsächliche Bedingungen in der Praxis (Feldbedingungen) zu simulieren, sondern dafür ausgelegt sind, den Kontakt zwischen einer festen und einer flüssigen Phase für verschiedene Zwecke zu behandeln, die in der vorliegenden Internationalen Norm beschrieben sind.
Diese Internationale Norm bezieht sich nur auf natürliche, kontaminierte und landwirtschaftlich genutzte Böden und Bodenmaterialien. Diese Internationale Norm erstreckt sich nicht auf Fragestellungen in Bezug auf die Auslaugung von Abfällen. Sie behandelt auch nicht das Thema der Bioverfügbarkeit von Kontaminanten für lebende Organismen, mit dem sich ISO 17402 befasst.
Auslaugungsprüfungen werden für die Charakterisierung des Quellterms entwickelt und angewendet. Es kann möglich sein, bei den Auslaugungsprüfungen Transportaspekte zu berücksichtigen, wenn einige grund¬legende Anforderungen (z. B. hydrodynamische) bekannt sind, und somit die Bestimmung von maßgeblichen Transportparametern (z. B. Verzögerungsfaktoren (Retardationsfaktoren), partikelgebundener Transport, Schadstoffminderungsprozesse) zu ermöglichen.
Wenn in dieser Internationalen Norm nur der Begriff „Boden“ zur Vereinfachung der Schreibweise angegeben wird, muss der erweiterte Begriff „Boden und Bodenmaterialien“ in Betracht gezogen werden.
Qualité du sol - Lignes directrices relatives aux modes opératoires de lixiviation en vue d'essais chimiques et écotoxicologiques ultérieurs des sols et matériaux du sol (ISO 18772:2008)
L'ISO 18772:2008 donne des indications sur l'utilisation appropriée des essais de lixiviation appliqués à des sols et des matériaux du sol afin de déterminer le comportement à la lixiviation dans le cadre d'une évaluation d'impact ou à des fins de conformité ou de comparaison. Il donne notamment des informations concernant ce qui suit:
le choix des essais de lixiviation en fonction de la nature du problème à résoudre et des caractéristiques propres aux différents essais;
l'interprétation des résultats d'essai;
les limites des essais.
À cet effet, il est important d'être conscient que les essais de lixiviation n'ont pas pour but de simuler des conditions réelles sur site, mais qu'ils sont conçus pour étudier le contact entre une phase solide et une phase liquide, et ce à différentes fins décrites dans l'ISO 18772:2008.
L'ISO 18772:2008 concerne uniquement les sols naturels, contaminés et agricoles, et les matériaux du sol. Les questions relatives à la lixiviation des déchets ne sont pas traitées par l'ISO 18772:2008. Elle ne concerne pas non plus la biodisponibilité des contaminants pour les organismes vivants, ce sujet étant traité par l'ISO 17402.
Kakovost tal - Navodilo za postopke izluževanja za nadaljnje kemijske in ekotoksikološke preskuse tal in talnih materialov (ISO 18772:2008)
Standard EN-ISO 18772 podaja smernice za ustrezno uporabo izluževalnih testov tal in talnih materialov za določevanje izluževanja v okviru ocene učinka ali za namene doseganja skladnosti in primerjave, vključno z informacijami o: izbiri izluževalnih testov glede na vrsto problema in posebne značilnosti različnih testov; interpretaciji rezultatov testov; omejitvah testov. V zvezi s tem je treba upoštevati, da izluževalni testi niso namenjeni simulaciji realnih terenskih pogojev, ampak obravnavi stika med trdnim in tekočim stanjem za različne namene, opisane v tem mednarodnem standardu. Ta mednarodni standard obravnava samo naravna, kontaminirana in kmetijska tla ter talne materiale. Ta mednarodni standard ne obravnava zadev, povezanih z izluževanjem odpadkov. Prav tako ne zajema biorazpoložljivosti onesnaževal živim organizmom, ki je zajeta v standardu ISO 17402. Izluževalni testi so zasnovani in se uporabljajo za opis značilnosti izvornega izraza. Transportne vidike je mogoče obravnavati z izluževalnimi testi, če so znane nekatere osnovne zahteve (npr. hidrodinamika), ki omogočajo določevanje ključnih transportnih parametrov (npr. faktorje zaostajanja, transport, pospešen z delci, procese slabenja). V tem mednarodnem standardu se izraz »tla« uporablja za poenostavitev pisanja in označuje širši izraz »tla in talni materiali«.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2014
Kakovost tal - Navodilo za postopke izluževanja za nadaljnje kemijske in
ekotoksikološke preskuse tal in talnih materialov (ISO 18772:2008)
Soil quality - Guidance on leaching procedures for subsequent chemical and
ecotoxicological testing of soils and soil materials (ISO 18772:2008)
Bodenbeschaffenheit - Anleitung zu Eluierungsverfahren für die nachfolgende chemische
und ökotoxikologische Prüfung von Böden und Bodenmaterialien (ISO 18772:2008)
Qualité du sol - Lignes directrices relatives aux modes opératoires de lixiviation en vue
d'essais chimiques et écotoxicologiques ultérieurs des sols et matériaux du sol (ISO
18772:2008)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 18772:2014
ICS:
13.080.10 .HPLMVNH]QDþLOQRVWLWDO Chemical characteristics of
soils
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 18772
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2014
ICS 13.080.05
English Version
Soil quality - Guidance on leaching procedures for subsequent
chemical and ecotoxicological testing of soils and soil materials
(ISO 18772:2008)
Qualité du sol - Lignes directrices relatives aux modes Bodenbeschaffenheit - Anleitung für Elutionsverfahren für
opératoires de lixiviation en vue d'essais chimiques et die nachfolgende chemische und ökotoxikologische Prüfung
écotoxicologiques ultérieurs des sols et matériaux du sol von Böden und Bodenmaterialien (ISO 18772:2008)
(ISO 18772:2008)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 March 2014.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 18772:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Foreword
The text of ISO 18772:2008 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 18772:2014 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Characterization of soils” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by September 2014.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 18772:2008 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 18772:2014 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 18772
First edition
2008-02-15
Soil quality — Guidance on leaching
procedures for subsequent chemical and
ecotoxicological testing of soils and soil
materials
Qualité du sol — Lignes directrices relatives aux modes opératoires de
lixiviation en vue d'essais chimiques et écotoxicologiques ultérieurs des
sols et matériaux du sol
Reference number
ISO 18772:2008(E)
©
ISO 2008
ISO 18772:2008(E)
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ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO 18772:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 General approach .3
4.1 Aim of leaching tests.3
4.2 How to choose leaching tests .4
4.3 Usefulness of leaching tests to understand and characterise different mechanisms
occurring in soil.7
5 Case 1: Application of leaching tests to determine the leaching behaviour of soil in the
framework of impact assessment.8
5.1 Presentation and description of the assessment methodology.8
6 Case 2: Compliance and comparison purposes .13
7 Description of test methods .14
7.1 Laboratory methods for basic characterisation and compliance/quality control testing.14
7.2 Large-scale columns and lysimeter.25
8 Example: how to use leaching test results to assess the impact of soil on groundwater .26
8.1 General.26
8.2 Use of leaching behaviour determination in subsequent transfer and impact assessment .27
Annex A (informative) Schematic representation of a contaminated site with relevant targets.28
Annex B (informative) Comparison at different scales of testing
(laboratory, lysimeter and field scale) .29
Bibliography .32
ISO 18772:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 18772 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 7, Soil and site
assessment.
iv © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved
ISO 18772:2008(E)
Introduction
Current soil and soil-materials management (risk assessment practices or regulations) is often based only on
the total amount of contaminants in soil. However, total composition is inadequate for the assessment of
several types of impacts such as impacts on soil, groundwater and surface water due to leaching and
subsequent transport of contaminants (inorganic, organic and natural radionuclides) with water. Indeed, for
many constituents, a significant fraction of the total content is essentially non-leachable, that is to say non-
removable when it comes into contact with a liquid.
Thus, a key aspect to assess the possible management solutions for soil and soil materials in relation to the
presence of contaminant is the release-to-the-water phase. This can be addressed with leaching tests which
can be used to characterise the source term when performing impact assessment and also for the
determination of a leached amount of contaminants when checking compliance with respect to existing limits
or for comparison purposes (e.g. quality control, treatment efficiency).
These statements are relevant for natural, contaminated and agricultural soils and also for soil materials.
Leaching tests, particularly those developed for soil and soil materials, are suitable for the following
applications:
a) Application of leaching tests to determine the leaching behaviour in the framework of impact assessment
Generally, impact assessment is based on the source/pathway/receptor framework.
⎯ Source: assess the release, identify speciation of constituents and retention mechanisms.
⎯ Receptor: determine the potential targets.
⎯ Pathway: estimate the transfer of the source towards the target (e.g. underground water, surface water,
plants, soil organisms, ecosystems).
In this process, leaching tests are used to characterise the source term (so-called characterisation tests) in
accordance with a given scenario (e.g. contamination of the groundwater due to a contaminated site or a soil
amended with sludges), which can either be generic or site-specific.
Leaching tests may also be used as a tool to assess bioavailability (see ISO 17402).
b) Application of leaching tests for compliance and comparison
Based on the background information on the soil and soil materials sampled (e.g. origin, nature of constituents
and contaminants, existing documented information, leaching behaviour), relatively simple and quick leaching
tests can be performed for compliance and comparison purposes. In contrast to characterisation tests, this
type of test is not designed to provide information on leaching mechanisms and controlling factors. However, it
should be possible to link the information obtained with compliance tests to
...
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