EN ISO 12947-4:1998

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-1999
Tekstilije - Ugotavljanje odpornosti tekstilij proti drgnjenju po Martindalovi metodi
- 4.del: Ocena spremembe videza (ISO 12947-4:1998)
Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method -
Part 4: Assessment of appearance change (ISO 12947-4:1998)
Textilien - Bestimmung der Scheuerbeständikgkeit von textilen Flächengebilden mit der
Martindale-Verfahren - Teil 4: Beung der Oberflächenveränderung (ISO 12947-4:1998)
Textiles - Détermination de la résistance a l'abrasion des étoffes par la méthode
Martindale - Partie 4: Evaluation du changement d'aspect (ISO 12947-4:1998)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12947-4:1998
ICS:
59.080.30 Tkanine Textile fabrics
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12947-4
First edition
1998-12-15
Textiles — Determination of the abrasion
resistance of fabrics by the Martindale
method —
Part 4:
Assessment of appearance change
Textiles — Détermination de la résistance à l’abrasion des étoffes par la
méthode Martindale —
Partie 4: Évaluation du changement d’aspect
A
Reference number
ISO 12947-4:1998(E)
ISO 12947-4:1998(E)
Contents Page
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Definitions .1
4 Principle.1
5 Apparatus and materials.2
6 Conditioning and testing atmosphere.2
7 Sampling and preparation of test specimens.2
8 Abrasion test procedure .4
9 Results.4
10 Test report .4
Annex A (normative) Specimen preparation for specific fabrics .6
Bibliography.8
©  ISO 1998
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Genève 20 • Switzerland
Internet iso@iso.ch
Printed in Switzerland
ii
© ISO
ISO 12947-4:1998(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
International Standard ISO 12947-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles.
ISO 12947 consists of the following parts under the general title Textiles — Determination of the abrasion resistance
of fabrics by the Martindale method:
 Part 1: Martindale abrasion testing apparatus
 Part 2: Determination of specimen breakdown

Part 3: Determination of mass loss
 Part 4: Assessment of appearance change
Annex A forms an integral part of this part of ISO 12947.
iii
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD  © ISO ISO 12947-4:1998(E)
Textiles — Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by
the Martindale method —
Part 4:
Assessment of appearance change
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12947 is applicable to the assessment of the appearance change of specimens covering all textile
fabrics including nonwovens and fabrics where the specifier indicates the end performance as having a low
abrasion wear life. This method differs appreciably from those in ISO 12947-2 and 12947-3.
NOTE Further introductory comments are given in ISO 12947-1.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this part of ISO 12947. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications
do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 12947 are encouraged to investigate the
possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated
references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain
registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 105-A02:1993, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour.
ISO 139:1973, Textiles — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing.
1)
ISO 2859-1:— , Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling plans indexed by acceptable
quality level (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection.
ISO 12947-1:1998, Textiles — Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method —
Part 1: Martindale abrasion testing apparatus.
3 Definitions
For the purposes of this part of ISO 12947 the definitions given in ISO 12947-1 apply.
4 Principle
A circular specimen is subjected to a defined load and rubbed against an abrasive medium (standard fabric) in a
translational movement tracing a Lissajous figure. The specimen holder containing the abrasive medium is
additionally freely rotatable around its own axis perpendicular to the plane of the specimen. The evaluation of the
abrasion resistance of the textile fabric is determined from assessment of the appearance change.

1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 2859:1989)
© ISO
ISO 12947-4:1998(E)
Tests are performed using the mass of the specimen holder and spindle alone at (198 2) g.
–
The surface change of the test specimen is assessed and compared with an untested specimen of the same fabric,
with the option of using two methods:
a) abrasion testing to an agreed number of rubs and assessing whether a surface change has occurred;
b) abrasion testing to an agreed surface change and determination of the test interval in which the surface change
has been produced.
5 Apparatus and materials
The test apparatus and auxiliary materials are specified in ISO 12947-1.
6 Conditioning and testing atmosphere
The standard temperate atmosphere for conditioning and testing textiles as defined in ISO 139 shall be used, i.e a
temperature of (20 – 2) °C and a relative humidity of (65 – 5) %.
7 Sampling and preparation of test specimens
7.1 General
Perform sampling in accordance with statistical rules (see ISO 2859-1).
Ensure throughout sampling and specimen preparation that handling imposes the minimum possible tensile stress
so as to prevent incorrect extension of the textile fabric.
7.2 Selection of the laboratory sample
Select the laboratory sample from a test lot to be representative of properties of the textile fabric. Check the
representative nature of sampling from the start or end of a textile fabric.
Take the laboratory sample from across the full fabric width.
7.3 Sampling of the test specimens from the laboratory sample
Before sampling the test specimens from the laboratory samples, condition the laboratory samples free from
tension, for at least 18 h on a smooth horizontal surface with free access of air exposed to the standard atmosphere
specified in clause 6.
For woven fabrics, take the specimens so that they each contain different warp and weft threads.
Take the test specimens at least 100 mm from the edge distributed across the entire laboratory sample. Take a
sufficient number of test specimens (at least three) to be in accordance with statistical notes (see 7.1).
For patterned fabrics or fabrics with textured surface, take care that the test specimens contain all characteristic
parts of the pattern, ensuring that the parts of the pattern likely to be sensitive to abrasion are contained in the test
specimens.
7.4 Dimensions of specimens and auxiliary materials
7.4.1 Dimensions of the test specimens
The dimensions of the test spec
...