EN 12390-18:2021

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2021
Preskušanje strjenega betona - 18. del: Določanje koeficienta migracije klorida
Testing hardened concrete - Part 18: Determination of the chloride migration coefficient
Prüfung von Festbeton - Teil 18: Bestimmung des Chloridmigrationskoeffizienten
Essai sur béton durci - Partie 18: Détermination du coefficient de migration des chlorures
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12390-18:2021
ICS:
91.100.30 Beton in betonski izdelki Concrete and concrete
products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 12390-18
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 91.100.30
English Version
Testing hardened concrete - Part 18: Determination of the
chloride migration coefficient
Essais pour béton durci - Partie 18 : Détermination du Prüfung von Festbeton - Teil 18: Bestimmung des
coefficient de migration des chlorures Chloridmigrationskoeffizienten
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 February 2021.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12390-18:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
1 Scope . 4
2 Normative references . 4
3 Terms and definitions . 4
4 Symbols . 5
5 Principle . 5
6 Apparatus and equipment . 5
7 Preparation of specimens . 8
7.1 Preparing sub-specimens . 8
7.2 Preparing test specimens . 9
8 Procedure. 9
8.1 Installation of the test specimens in the migration cell . 9
8.2 Installation of the migration cell in the migration apparatus . 9
8.3 Test procedure . 10
9 Test evaluation . 13
9.1 Determination of the mean and maximum penetration depth . 13
9.2 Determination of the chloride migration coefficient M . 13
nss
10 Variations of the procedure . 14
10.1 Specimens of sprayed mortar and sprayed concrete . 14
11 Report . 14
12 Precision estimate . 15

Annex A (informative) Background to chloride migration testing . 17
Bibliography . 18

European foreword
This document (EN 12390-18:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104 “Concrete
and related products”, the secretariat of which is held by SN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2021, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
A list of all parts in the EN 12390 series, published under the general title “Testing hardened concrete”,
can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
1 Scope
This document specifies the procedure for obtaining the non-steady-state chloride migration coefficient
of specimens of hardened concrete at a specified age (see Annex A). The test procedure does not take
into account any interaction of concrete with the saline solution over time. The test result is a durability
indicator with respect to the resistance of the concrete investigated against chloride penetration.
The test procedure does not apply to concrete specimens with surface treatments such as silanes.
If the aggregate or any other embedded elements (such as metallic fibres or conducting particles) are
electrically conductive, this will influence the magnitude of chloride migration. This fact is taken into
account when establishing threshold values. It prevents comparison of chloride migration values
between concretes if the aggregates induce a difference of half an order of magnitude (higher or lower)
of chloride migration.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 12390-2, Testing hardened concrete - Part 2: Making and curing specimens for strength tests
EN 14488-1, Testing sprayed concrete - Sampling fresh and hardened concrete
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
migration cell
apparatus for holding a cylindrical test specimen with a lateral sealing of non-conductive material
enabling the test specimen to be exposed on two parallel surfaces to test solutions
3.2
migration test set-up
test container with a migration cell support, migration cell test solutions, sleeve, sleeve clamps,
electrodes and electronics
3.3
migration
movement of ions under the action of an external electrical field
3.4
chloride migration coefficient
transport property which reflects the resistance against chloride penetration under the action of an
externally applied electrical field
4 Symbols
–1
c Chloride concentration at which a colour change occurs, c = 0,07 mol·l
d d
–1
c Chloride concentration of the potassium hydroxide solution (catholyte) [mol·l ]
d, h Diameter and height, respectively, of the cylindrical specimen [m]
−12 2 −1
M Chloride migration coefficient (non steady-state) [× 10 m ·s ]
nss
−1
E Voltage gradient [V·m ]
–1
erf Inverse Error Function
4 –1
F Faraday Constant, F = 9,649 · 10 J · (V·mol)
m Mass of the water-saturated test specimen [kg]
w
–1
R Gas constant, R = 8,314 J · (K·mol)
t Duration of the migration test with an external voltage over the test specimen applied [s]
T Absolute, mean temperature of both test solutions during the migration test [K]
U Absolute value of the applied voltage [V]
x Mean penetration depth of chloride ions of the two halves of the split test specimen
d
x Maximum penetration depth
max
z Ionic charge, for chloride ions z = 1
5 Principle
A specimen of concrete or mortar is placed between a chloride free and a chloride containing alkaline
solution and an electric voltage is applied between two external electrodes to drive the chloride ions
into the concrete specimen. After a given period of time, the specimen is split and the penetration depth
of the free chloride ions is determined by using a suitable colour indicator solution. The chloride
migration coefficient is calculated based on the measured depth of penetration, the magnitude of the
applied voltage and other parameters.
NOTE This procedure can also be applied for testing products according to EN 1504-3 [1], EN 14487-1 [2].
6 Apparatus and equipment
Laboratory room with an air temperature of (20 ± 2) °C:
1) scale with an instrumental measurement uncertainty not exceeding ± 0,05 g;
2) vernier calliper gauge with an instrumental measurement uncertainty not exceeding ± 0,05 mm;
3) ruler with an instrumental measurement uncertainty not exceeding ± 0,05 mm;
4) water bath for storing the test specimens under water at (20 ± 2) °C;
5) thermometer with an instrumental measurement uncertainty not exceeding ± 0,5 °C;
6) drying oven with ventilation and adjustable temperature;

7) migration set-up comprising (also see Figure 1 to Figure 4):
— migration cell for test specimens with a diameter between 50 mm and 110 mm (fabric-
reinforced, electrically non-conductive rubber sleeve [see Figure 2] and, depending on the
construction of the cell, stainless steel sleeve clamps [see Figure 4]);
— migration cell support made from non-corrosive and electrically non-conductive material;
— rectifier with voltage regulator (up to 40 V);
— voltmeter, ammeter with an instrumental measurement uncertainty not exceeding ± 1 V
or ± 1 mA;
— stainless steel electrodes;
— catholyte reservoir: non-corroding and electrically non-conductive material.
NOTE Similar setups for the determination of the migration coefficient might be allowed according to
national provisions, provided in particular that the increase in temperature under the test (Joule effect) does not
exceed 3 °C.
Key
1 rubber sleeve 6 catholyte reservoir
2 anolyte 7 migration cell support
3 anode 8 cathode
4 test specimen 9 rectifier
5 catholyte
Figure 1 — Schematic illustration of a migration test set-up
Key
1 cathode 8 waterproof protection
2 filler opening 9 downstream cell
3 joints 10 upstream cell
4 power supply 11 anolyte solution
5 electrode 12 catholytic solution
6 anode 13 temperature probe
7 concrete specimen
Figure 2 — Schematic illustration of an alternative migration test set-up

Figure 3 — Photograph of a migration test set-up
Figure 4 — Stainless steel sleeve clamp
8) Test solutions:
— Anolyte: 0,2 N KOH (11,2 g KOH to be filled up to 1 000 ml with distilled or demineralized
water) or 0,3 N NaOH (12,0 g NaOH to be filled up to 1 000 ml with distilled or demineralized
water);
— Catholyte: 5 % NaCl (50 g NaCl on 950 g 0,2 N KOH) (the reference solution) or (50 g NaCl on
950 g 0,3 N NaOH);
If specified or agreed, other NaCl concentrations between 3 % and 10 % may be utilized. This
shall be explicitly noted in the test documentation and audit reports, and taken into account in
the calculation of the migration coefficient.
Where KOH is used to prepare
...