ASTM D4884-09e1

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Designation: D4884 − 09
StandardTest Method for
Strength of Sewn or Thermally Bonded Seams of
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Geotextiles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4884; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
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´ NOTE—This Test Method was changed editorially in 2012. The affected portion is Equation 1.
1. Scope E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.1 Thistestmethodcoverstheseamstrengthofgeotextiles.
2.2 Federal Standard:
The primary distinction of this test method for evaluating seam
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Fed. Std. No. 751a Stitches, Seams, and Stitchings
strength is the width of the specimen. This is in contrast to the
more narrow specimen width used in the tensile grab strength
3. Terminology
test discussed in Test Method D1683.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 This test method will provide data to indicate the seam
3.1.1 cross-machine direction—the direction in the plane of
strength that can be achieved for each particular geotextile and
the geotextile perpendicular to the direction of manufacture.
seam assembly construction.
3.1.2 geotextile, n—a permeable geosynthetic comprised
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
solely of textiles.
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are
3.1.3 linear density, n—mass per unit length; the quotient
provided for information only.
obtained by dividing the mass of a fiber or yarn by its length.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.4 machine direction—the direction in the plane of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
geotextile parallel to the direction of manufacture.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.5 seam allowance, n—the width of geotextile used in
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
making a seam assembly, for sewn seams bounded by the edge
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
of the geotextile and the furthest stitch line, and for thermally
2. Referenced Documents
bonded seams bounded by the edge of the geotextile and the
2 furthest seam edge.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.5.1 Discussion—In geotextiles, the distance from the
D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
selvageorturnededgeofthegeotextiletotheedgeoftheseam.
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D1683 Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of Woven 3.1.6 seam assembly, n—the unit obtained by joining geo-
textile with a seam, including details such as geotextile
Apparel Fabrics
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles direction(s), seam allowance, seam width, seam type, speed,
and if sewn—sewing threads used and number of stitches per
D1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics unit length, needle type and size, and so forth.
D4595 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Geotextiles by
3.1.7 seam effıciency, n—the ratio expressed as a percentage
the Wide-Width Strip Method
of seam strength to geotextile strength.
E178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
3.1.8 seam design engineering, n—the procedures used to
select a specific thread, a specific stitch type, and a specific
1 seam type to achieve the required seam strength of a sewn
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.01 on Mechani- seam and the procedures used to select a specific seam width,
cal Properties.
specific seam bonding temperature, and a specific seam speed
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published April 2012. Originallyap-
and pressure to achieve the required seam strength of a
proved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D4884 – 09. DOI:
thermally bonded seam.
10.1520/D4884-09E01.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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D4884 − 09
3.1.9 seam interaction, n—the result of combining specific 5. Significance and Use
textile, a specific stitch type, and a specific seam type for a
5.1 As explained in Test Method D4595, narrow geotextile
sewn seam and the result of combini
...