ASTM D7960-21
(Specification)Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Non-hydrocarbon Components
Standard Specification for Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Non-hydrocarbon Components
ABSTRACT
This specification covers formulating requirements for purchases of a UL100 unleaded aviation gasoline test fuel under contract and is intended solely for use by purchasing agencies for testing purposes. It prescribes the required properties of unleaded D7960 fuel at the time and place of delivery. The suitability of this fuel for use on any specific aircraft, aircraft engine, or ground-based fuel handling equipment should be evaluated before use on that equipment.
Included in this specification are requirements for the manufacture of D7960 fuel and additives; workmanship, finish, and appearance; sampling; and the type and number of reports to ensure conformance with the requirements of this specification. Products shall conform to the requirements that shall be determined in accordance with ASTM test methods for knock value (lean rating), tetraethyl lead, density, distillation, vapor pressure, freezing point, sulfur, net heat of combustion, corrosion (copper strip), potential gum and visible lead precipitate, water reaction, and electrical conductivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for purchases of a UL102 unleaded aviation gasoline test fuel under contract and is intended solely for use by purchasing agencies for testing purposes.
1.2 This specification defines a specific type of aviation gasoline for use as an aviation spark-ignition engine test fuel. It does not include all gasolines satisfactory for reciprocating aviation engines. Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit a wider, or require a narrower, range of characteristics than is shown by this specification.
1.3 The D7960 test fuel defined by this specification may not exhibit identical performance to those leaded fuels with which the existing aircraft and ground-based fuel handling equipment have been designed to operate. Therefore, the suitability of this fuel for use on any specific aircraft, aircraft engine, or ground-based fuel handling equipment should be evaluated before use on that equipment.
1.4 Issuance of this specification does not constitute approval to operate certificated aircraft with this fuel. Fuels used in certified engines and aircraft are ultimately approved by the certifying authority subsequent to formal submission of evidence to the authority as part of the certification program for that aircraft and engine model.
1.5 This specification, unless otherwise provided, prescribes the required properties of unleaded D7960 test fuel at the time and place of delivery.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D7960 −21
Standard Specification for
Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Non-
1
hydrocarbon Components
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7960; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
purchases of a UL102 unleaded aviation gasoline test fuel
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
under contract and is intended solely for use by purchasing
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
agencies for testing purposes.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.2 This specification defines a specific type of aviation
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
gasoline for use as an aviation spark-ignition engine test fuel.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
It does not include all gasolines satisfactory for reciprocating
aviation engines. Certain equipment or conditions of use may
2. Referenced Documents
permit a wider, or require a narrower, range of characteristics
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
than is shown by this specification.
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
1.3 The D7960 test fuel defined by this specification may Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
not exhibit identical performance to those leaded fuels with D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
which the existing aircraft and ground-based fuel handling
Closed Cup Tester
equipment have been designed to operate. Therefore, the D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
suitability of this fuel for use on any specific aircraft, aircraft
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
engine, or ground-based fuel handling equipment should be D323 TestMethodforVaporPressureofPetroleumProducts
evaluated before use on that equipment.
(Reid Method)
D357 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Motor
1.4 Issuance of this specification does not constitute ap-
Fuels Below 100 Octane Number by the Motor Method;
proval to operate certificated aircraft with this fuel. Fuels used
3
Replaced by D 2700 (Withdrawn 1969)
in certified engines and aircraft are ultimately approved by the
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evapo-
certifying authority subsequent to formal submission of evi-
ration
dence to the authority as part of the certification program for
D614 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Aviation
that aircraft and engine model.
Fuels by the Aviation Method; Replaced by D 2700
3
1.5 Thisspecification,unlessotherwiseprovided,prescribes
(Withdrawn 1970)
the required properties of unleaded D7960 test fuel at the time
D873 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels
and place of delivery.
(Potential Residue Method)
D909 Test Method for Supercharge Rating of Spark-Ignition
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Aviation Gasoline
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D910 Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
standard.
D1094 Test Method for Water Reaction of Aviation Fuels
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ucts by Hydrometer Method
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.J0.02 on Aviation Piston Engine Fuels. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published June 2021. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D7960 – 18. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/D7960-21. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Un
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7960 − 18 D7960 − 21 An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Unleaded Aviation Gasoline Test Fuel Containing Non-
1
hydrocarbon Components
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7960; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers formulating specifications for purchases of a UL102 unleaded aviation gasoline test fuel under
contract and is intended solely for use by purchasing agencies for testing purposes.
1.2 This specification defines a specific type of aviation gasoline for use as an aviation spark-ignition engine test fuel. It does not
include all gasolines satisfactory for reciprocating aviation engines. Certain equipment or conditions of use may permit a wider,
or require a narrower, range of characteristics than is shown by this specification.
1.3 The D7960 test fuel defined by this specification may not exhibit identical performance to those leaded fuels with which the
existing aircraft and ground-based fuel handling equipment have been designed to operate. Therefore, the suitability of this fuel
for use on any specific aircraft, aircraft engine, or ground-based fuel handling equipment should be evaluated before use on that
equipment.
1.4 Issuance of this specification does not constitute approval to operate certificated aircraft with this fuel. Fuels used in certified
engines and aircraft are ultimately approved by the certifying authority subsequent to formal submission of evidence to the
authority as part of the certification program for that aircraft and engine model.
1.5 This specification, unless otherwise provided, prescribes the required properties of unleaded D7960 test fuel at the time and
place of delivery.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.J0.02 on Spark and Compression Ignition Aviation Engine Fuels.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2018May 1, 2021. Published October 2018June 2021. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 20172018 as
D7960 – 17.D7960 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D7960-18.10.1520/D7960-21.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7960 − 21
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
D357 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Motor Fuels Below 100 Octane Number by the Motor Method; Replaced by
3
D 2700 (Withdrawn 1969)
D381 Test Method for Gum Content in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
D614 Method of Test for Knock Characteristics of Aviation Fuels by the Aviation Method; Replaced by D 2700 (Withdrawn
3
1970)
D873 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels (Potential Residue Method)
D909 Test Method for Supercharge Rating of Spark-Ignition Aviation Gasoline
D910 Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
D1094 Test Method for Water Reaction of Aviation Fuels
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1948 Method
...
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