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ASTM D7566-12a

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons

Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture of aviation turbine fuel that consists of conventional and synthetic blending components.  
1.2 This specification applies only at the point of batch origination, as follows:  
1.2.1 Aviation turbine fuel manufactured, certified, and released to all the requirements of Table 1 of this specification (D7566), meets the requirements of Specification D1655 and shall be regarded as Specification D1655 turbine fuel. Duplicate testing is not necessary; the same data may be used for both D7566 and D1655 compliance. Once the fuel is released to this specification (D7566) the unique requirements of this specification are no longer applicable: any recertification shall be done in accordance with Table 1 of Specification D1655.TABLE 1 Detailed Requirements of Aviation Turbine Fuels Containing Synthesized HydrocarbonsA    
Part 1—Basic Requirements  
Property  
Jet A or Jet A-1  
Test MethodB  
COMPOSITION  
Acidity, total mg KOH/g  
Max  
0.10  
D3242 / IP 354  
Aromatics: One of the following requirements shall be met:  
1. Aromatics, vol %  
Max  
25  
D1319 or IP 156  
2. Aromatics, vol %  
Max  
26.5  
D6379 / IP 436  
Sulfur, mercaptan,C mass %  
Max  
0.003  
D3227 / IP 342  
Sulfur, total mass %  
Max  
0.30  
D1266, D2622, D4294, D5453, or IP 336  
VOLATILITY  
Distillation  
D2887 / IP 406D or D86E or IP 123E  
Distillation temperature, °C:  
10 % recovered, temperature (T10)  
Max  
205  
50 % recovered, temperature (T50)  
report  
90 % recovered, temperature (T90)  
report  
Final boiling point, temperature  
Max  
300  
Distillation residue, %  
Max  
1.5  
Distillation loss, %  
Max  
1.5  
Flash point, °C  
Min  
38F  
D56 or D3828G, IP 170G or IP 523G  
Density at 15°C, kg/m3  
775 to 840  
D1298 / IP 160 or D4052 or IP 365  
FLUIDITY  
Freezing point, °C  
Max  
–40 Jet AH  
D5972 / IP 435, D7153 / IP 529, D7154 / IP 528, or D2386 / IP 16  
–47 Jet A-1H  
Viscosity –20°C, mm2/sI  
Max  
8.0  
D445 / IP 71, Section 1  
COMBUSTION  
Net heat of combustion, MJ/kg  
Min  
42.8J  
D4529, D3338, D4809 or IP 12  
One of the following requirements shall be met:  
(1) Smoke point, mm, or  
Min  
25  
D1322 / IP 57  
(2) Smoke point, mm, and  
Min  
18  
D1322 / IP 57  
Naphthalenes, vol, %  
Max  
3.0  
D1840  
CORROSION  
Copper strip, 2 h at 100°C  
Max  
No. 1  
D130 / IP 154  
THERMAL STABILITY  
2.5 h at control temperature of 260°C, min  
D3241 / IP 323  
Filter pressure drop, mm Hg  
Max  
25  
Tube deposits less than  
3K  
No peacock or
abnormal color deposits  
CONTAMINANTS  
Existent gum, mg/100 mL  
Max  
7  
D381, IP 540  
Microseparometer,L Rating  
D3948  
Without electrical conductivity additive  
Min  
85  
With electrical conductivity additive  
Min  
70  
ADDITIVES  
See 6.3  
Electrical conductivity, pS/m  
M  
D2624 / IP 274
Part 2—Extended Requirements  
Property  
Jet A or Jet A-1  
Test MethodB  
COMPOSITION  
Aromatics: One of the following requirements shall be met:  
1. Aromatics, vol %  
MinN,O  
8  
D1319 or IP 156  
2. Aromatics, vol %  
MinN,O  
8.4  
D6379 / IP 436  
Distillation  
D2887 / IP 406D, D86E or IP 123E  
T50-T10, °C  
MinO,P  
15  
T90-T10, °C  
MinO,P  
40  
Lubricity,M mm  
Max  
0.85  
D5001 ...

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2012
ICS
75.160.20 - Liquid fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.J0.06 - Synthetic Aviation Turbine Fuels
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D7566-13 - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons
Effective Date
01-May-2013

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ASTM D7566-12a - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized HydrocarbonsASTM D7566-12a - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons
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ASTM D7566-12a - Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized Hydrocarbons
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D7566 −12a AnAmerican National Standard
Standard Specification for
Aviation Turbine Fuel Containing Synthesized
1
Hydrocarbons
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7566; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* components at the place of manufacture but can be used to
describe the quality of aviation turbine fuels for contractual
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture of aviation
transfer at all points in the distribution system.
turbine fuel that consists of conventional and synthetic blend-
ing components. 1.4 This specification does not include all fuels satisfactory
for aviation turbine engines. Certain equipment or conditions
1.2 This specification applies only at the point of batch
of use may permit a wider, or require a narrower, range of
origination, as follows:
characteristics than is shown by this specification.
1.2.1 Aviation turbine fuel manufactured, certified, and
released to all the requirements of Table 1of this specification 1.5 While aviation turbine fuels defined by Table 1 of this
(D7566), meets the requirements of Specification D1655 and specification can be used in applications other than aviation
shall be regarded as Specification D1655 turbine fuel. Dupli- turbine engines, requirements for such other applications have
cate testing is not necessary; the same data may be used for not been considered in the development of this specification.
both D7566 and D1655 compliance. Once the fuel is released
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
to this specification (D7566) the unique requirements of this
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
specification are no longer applicable: any recertification shall
standard.
be done in accordance with Table 1 of Specification D1655.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.2.2 Field blending of synthesized paraffinic kerosine
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
(SPK) blendstocks, as described in Annex A1 (FT SPK) or
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Annex A2 (HEFA SPK) with D1655 fuel (which may on the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
whole or in part have originated as D7566 fuel) shall be
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
considered batch origination in which case all of the require-
ments of Table 1 of this specification (D7566) apply and shall
2. Referenced Documents
be evaluated. Short form conformance test programs com-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
monly used to ensure transportation quality are not sufficient.
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
The fuel shall be regarded as D1655 turbine fuel after
D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at
certification and release as described in 1.2.1.
Atmospheric Pressure
1.2.3 Once a fuel is redesignated as D1655 aviation turbine
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
fuel, it can be handled in the same fashion as the equivalent
Closed Cup Tester
refined D1655 aviation turbine fuel.
D129 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (Gen-
1.3 This specification defines specific types of aviation
eral High Pressure Decomposition Device Method)
turbine fuel that contain synthesized hydrocarbons for civil use
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
in the operation and certification of aircraft and describes fuels
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
foundsatisfactoryfortheoperationofaircraftandengines.The
D156 Test Method for Saybolt Color of Petroleum Products
specification is intended to be used as a standard in describing
(Saybolt Chromometer Method)
the quality of aviation turbine fuels and synthetic blending
D240 Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hy-
drocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
D02.J0.06 on Emerging Turbine Fuels. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published February 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D7566–12. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7566-12A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM Internat
...

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5.2 This test method provides a simple and more precise alternative to existing test methods, specifically combustion techniques (Test Methods D5291) for determining the hydrogen content on a range of petroleum products.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the hydrogen content of petroleum products ranging from atmospheric distillates to vacuum residua using a continuous wave, low-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. (Test Method D3701 is the preferred method for determining the hydrogen content of aviation turbine fuels using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.)  
1.2 Three test methods are included here that account for the special characteristics of different petroleum products and apply to the following distillation ranges:    
Test Method  
Petroleum Products  
Boiling Range, °C (°F)
(approximate)  
A  
Light Distillates  
15–260 (60–500)  
B  
Middle Distillates  
200–370 (400–700)  
Gas Oils  
370–510 (700–950)  
C  
Residua  
510+ (950+ )  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. The preferred units are mass %.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Sections 7.2 and 7.4.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D8252-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Vanadium and Nickel in Crude and Residual Oil by X-ray Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a rapid and precise elemental measurement with simple sample preparation. Typical analysis times are approximately 4 min to 5 min per sample with a preparation time of approximately 1 min to 3 min per sample.  
5.2 The quality of crude oil is related to the amount of sulfur present. Knowledge of the vanadium and nickel concentration is necessary for processing purposes as well as contractual agreements.  
5.3 The presence of vanadium and nickel presents significant risks for contamination of the cracking catalysts in the refining process.  
5.4 This test method provides a means of determining whether the vanadium and nickel content of crude meets the operational limits of the refinery and whether the metal content will have a deleterious effect on the refining process or when used as a fuel.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of total vanadium and nickel in crude and residual oil in the concentration ranges shown in Table 1 using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry.  
1.2 Sulfur is measured for analytical purposes only for the compensation of X-ray absorption matrix effects affecting the vanadium and nickel X-rays. For measurement of sulfur by standard test method use Test Methods D4294, D2622 or other suitable standard test method for sulfur in crude and residual oils.  
1.3 This test method is limited to the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers employing an X-ray tube for excitation in conjunction with wavelength dispersive detection system or energy dispersive high resolution semiconductor detector with the ability to separate signals of adjacent and near-adjacent elements.  
1.4 This test method uses inter-element correction factors calculated from XRF theory, the fundamental parameters (FP) approach, or best fit regression.  
1.5 Samples containing higher concentrations than shown in Table 1 must be diluted to bring the elemental concentration of the diluted material within the scope of this test method.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6.1 The preferred concentrations units are mg/kg for vanadium and nickel.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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