ASTM A859/A859M-23
(Specification)Standard Specification for Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components
Standard Specification for Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the standard requirements for low-carbon age-hardened nickel-copper-chromium-molybdenum-columbium alloy steel forgings for pressure vessel components. Materials shall be manufactured to a killed fine austenitic grain size, by vacuum degas melting process. Heat treatment shall be conducted, according to class, by: normalizing and precipitation hardening (Grade A, Class 1); liquid quenching and precipitation hardening (Grade A, Class 2); or double liquid-quenching, tempering, double austenitizing, and precipitation hardening (Grade B). Heat and product analyses shall be used to evaluate the conformance of forgings to required chemical compositions. Tensile, notch toughness, and Charpy impact requirements shall be examined, for which one of four sampling methods may be employed. One tension test and one impact test (for three samples) shall be made for each forging. Dimensions and finishes of the forgings shall conform to that specified by the purchaser. Repair welding shall also be performed only if permitted by the purchaser.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for low-carbon age-hardening nickel-copper-chromium-molybdenum-columbium alloy steel forgings for pressure vessel components.
1.2 Forgings under this specification are available as Grades A or B. Grade A may be ordered in one or two classes as follows:
1.2.1 Grade A Class 1—Normalized-and-precipitation-heat-treated, providing a minimum yield strength of 55 ksi [380 MPa] and a minimum tensile strength of 65 ksi [450 MPa].
1.2.2 Grade A Class 2—Quenched-and-precipitation-heat-treated, providing a minimum yield strength of 65 ksi [450 MPa] and a minimum tensile strength of 75 ksi [515 MPa].
1.2.3 Grade A was the original steel composition in this specification.
1.3 Although the material is readily weldable, welding procedures are of fundamental importance and must be such as not to affect adversely the properties of the material, especially in the heat-affected zone. It is presupposed that welding procedures will be suitable for the material being welded.
1.4 Supplementary requirements, including those applicable in Specification A788/A788M, are provided for use when additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.6 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation [SI units], the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A859/A859M − 23
Standard Specification for
Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel
1
Components
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A859/A859M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 1.6 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound and
SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable
1.1 This specification covers requirements for low-carbon
“M” specification designation [SI units], the material shall be
age-hardening nickel-copper-chromium-molybdenum-
furnished to inch-pound units.
columbium alloy steel forgings for pressure vessel compo-
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
nents.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.2 Forgings under this specification are available as Grades
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
A or B. Grade A may be ordered in one or two classes as
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
follows:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.2.1 Grade A Class 1—Normalized-and-precipitation-heat-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
treated, providing a minimum yield strength of 55 ksi
[380 MPa] and a minimum tensile strength of 65 ksi
2. Referenced Documents
[450 MPa].
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2.2 Grade A Class 2—Quenched-and-precipitation-heat-
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of
treated, providing a minimum yield strength of 65 ksi
Steel Forgings
[450 MPa] and a minimum tensile strength of 75 ksi
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
[515 MPa].
of Steel Products
1.2.3 Grade A was the original steel composition in this
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel
specification.
Forgings
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
1.3 Although the material is readily weldable, welding
quirements
procedures are of fundamental importance and must be such as
E208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to
not to affect adversely the properties of the material, especially
Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Fer-
in the heat-affected zone. It is presupposed that welding
ritic Steels
procedures will be suitable for the material being welded.
E604 Test Method for Dynamic Tear Testing of Metallic
1.4 Supplementary requirements, including those applicable
Materials
in Specification A788/A788M, are provided for use when
3
2.2 ASME Standard:
additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code—Section IX
only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3. Ordering Information and General Requirements
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
Specification A788/A788M, the purchaser shall include with
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
the inquiry and order a detailed drawing, sketch, or written
used independently of the other and values from the two
description of the forging and the method of selecting test
systems shall not be combined.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2023. Published November 2023. Originally Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as A859/A859M – 04 International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
ɛ1
(2019) . DOI:10.1520/A0859_A0859M-23. www.asme.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A859/A859M − 23
location (see 6.3). When appropriate, the areas of significant 5. Chemical Composition
loading in the forging shall be designated.
5.1 H
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: A859/A859M − 04 (Reapproved 2019) A859/A859M − 23
Standard Specification for
Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel
1
Components
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A859/A859M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—MPa value was added in 1.2.2 editorially in April 2019.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification covers requirements for low-carbon age-hardening nickel-copper-chromium-molybdenum-columbium alloy
steel forgings for pressure vessel components.
1.2 Forgings under this specification are available as Grades A or B. Grade A may be ordered in one or two classes as follows:
1.2.1 Grade A Class 1—Normalized-and-precipitation-heat-treated, providing a minimum yield strength of 55 ksi [380 MPa] and
a minimum tensile strength of 65 ksi [450 MPa].
1.2.2 Grade A Class 2—Quenched-and-precipitation-heat-treated, providing a minimum yield strength of 65 ksi [450 MPa] and
a minimum tensile strength of 75 ksi [515 MPa].
1.2.3 Grade A was the original steel composition in this specification.
1.3 Although the material is readily weldable, welding procedures are of fundamental importance and must be such as not to affect
adversely the properties of the material, especially in the heat-affected zone. It is presupposed that welding procedures will be
suitable for the material being welded.
1.4 Supplementary requirements, including those applicable in Specification A788/A788M, are provided for use when additional
testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.6 This specification is expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M”
specification designation [SI units], the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved March 1, 2019Nov. 1, 2023. Published April 2019November 2023. Originally approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 20142019
ɛ1
as A859/A859M–04 (2014). – 04 (2019) DOI:10.1520/A0859_A0859M–04R19E01. DOI:10.1520/A0859_A0859M-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A859/A859M − 23
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of Steel Forgings
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A388/A388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Steel Forgings
A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
E208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Ferritic Steels
E604 Test Method for Dynamic Tear Testing of Metallic Materials
3
2.2 ASME Standard:
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code—Section IX
3. Ordering Information and General Requirements
3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by Specification A788/A788M, the purchaser shall include with the inquiry
and order a detailed drawing, sketch, or written description of the forging and the method of selecting test location (see 6.3). When
appropriate, the areas of significant loading in the forging shall be designated.
3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which outlines
additional ordering informati
...
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