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ASTM D4565-99

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and Cable

Standard Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and Cable

SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the physical testing of thermoplastic insulations and jackets used on telecommunications wire and cable and the testing of physical characteristics and environmental performance properties of completed products. To determine the procedure to be used on the particular insulation or jacket or on the completed wire or cable, reference should be made to the specification for that product.  
1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections of this standard:  Procedure Sections Dimensional measurements of insulations, jackets, miscellaneous cable components, and of completed cable 4-9 Cross-sectional areas 9 Diameters 6 Eccentricity 8 Thickness 7 Physical and environmental tests of insulation and jackets 10-25 Aging test (jackets only) 24 Cold bend (insulation only) 16 Environmental stress crack (polyolefin jackets only) 21 Heat distortion (jackets only) 22 Heat shock (jackets only) 23 Insulation adhesion 19 Insulation and jacket shrinkback (oven test) 14 Insulation compression 20 Insulation shrinkback (solder test) 15 Melt flow rate change-polyolefin materials 12 Oil immersion test (jackets only) 25 Oxygen induction time (polyolefin insulation only) 17 Oxygen induction time (cable filling compound only) 18 Tensile and elongation tests 13 Physical and environmental tests of insulations and jackets of completed wire and cable 26-40 Cable Torsion Test 37 Compound flow test (filled core wire and cable only) 40 Corrugation extensibility test 35 Cable impact test 33 Jacket bonding tests 29 Jacket notch test 32 Jacket peel or pull 28 Jacket slip strength test 30 Pressure test (air core wire and cable only) 38 Sheath adherence test 31 Water penetration test (filled core wire and cable only) 39 Wire and cable bending test 34 Wire breaking strength 36
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard except where only SI units are given.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use . For specific caution statement see 19.1.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Mar-1999
ICS
29.035.01 - Insulating materials in general
Technical Committee
D09 - Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D4565-99(2004)e1 - Standard Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
Effective Date
10-Mar-1999
Referred By
ASTM E2009-23 - Standard Test Methods for Oxidation Onset Temperature of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Effective Date
10-Mar-1999
Referred By
ASTM D4730-13(2020) - Standard Specification for Flooding Compounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
Effective Date
10-Mar-1999
Referred By
ASTM D5885/D5885M-20 - Standard Test Method for Oxidative Induction Time of Polyolefin Geosynthetics by High-Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Effective Date
10-Mar-1999
Referred By
ASTM E1860-23 - Standard Test Method for Elapsed Time Calibration of Thermal Analyzers
Effective Date
10-Mar-1999
Referred By
ASTM D4731-13(2020) - Standard Specification for Hot-Application Filling Compounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
Effective Date
10-Mar-1999
Referred By
ASTM E2046-19 - Standard Test Method for Reaction Induction Time by Thermal Analysis
Effective Date
10-Mar-1999
Referred By
ASTM D4732-13(2020) - Standard Specification for Cool-Application Filling Compounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
Effective Date
10-Mar-1999
Referred By
ASTM E1858-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Oxidation Induction Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Effective Date
10-Mar-1999
Referred By
ASTM E2070-13(2018) - Standard Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Using Isothermal Methods
Effective Date
10-Mar-1999

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ASTM D4565-99 - Standard Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and CableASTM D4565-99 - Standard Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
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ASTM D4565-99 - Standard Test Methods for Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: D 4565 – 99
Standard Test Methods for
Physical and Environmental Performance Properties of
Insulations and Jackets for Telecommunications Wire and
1
Cable
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4565; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
Procedure Sections
Jacket notch test 32
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the physical
Jacket peel or pull 28
testing of thermoplastic insulations and jackets used on tele-
Jacket slip strength test 30
Pressure test (air core wire and cable only) 40
communications wire and cable and the testing of physical
Sheath adherance test 31
characteristics and environmental performance properties of
Water penetration test (filled core wire and cable only) 41
completed products. To determine the procedure to be used on
Wire and cable bending test 34
Wire breaking strength 37
the particular insulation or jacket or on the completed wire or
cable, reference should be made to the specification for that
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
product.
as the standard except where only SI units are given.
1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections of this
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Procedure Sections
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Dimensional measurements of insulations, jackets,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
miscellaneous cable components, and of completed cable 4-9
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific caution
Cross-sectional areas 9
Diameters 6
statement see 19.1.
Eccentricity 8
Thickness 7
2. Referenced Documents
Physical and environmental tests of insulation and jackets 10-25
Aging test (jackets only) 24 2.1 ASTM Standards:
Cold bend (insulation only) 16
D 471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liq-
Environmental stress crack (polyolefin jackets only) 21
2
uids
Heat distortion (jackets only) 22
3
Heat shock (jackets only) 23
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
Insulation adhesion 19
D 1238 Test Method for Flow Rates of Thermoplastics by
Insulation and jacket shrinkback (oven test) 14
3
Extrusion Plastometer
Insulation compression 20
Insulation shrinkback (solder test) 15
D 1248 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Molding and
Melt flow rate change—polyolefin materials 12 3
Extrusion Materials
Oil immersion test (jackets only) 25
D 1693 Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking of
Oxygen induction time (polyolefin insulation only) 17
3
Oxygen induction time (cable filling compound only) 18
Ethylene Plastics
Tensile and elongation tests 13
D 2633 Test Methods for Thermoplastic Insulations and
Physical and environmental tests of insulations and jackets of
4
Jackets for Wire and Cable
completed wire and cable 26-42
4
Cable Torsion Test 38
D 3032 Test Methods for Hookup Wire Insulation
Compound flow test (filled core wire and cable only) 42
D 3895 Test Method for Oxidative Induction Time of Poly-
Corrugation extensibility test 36
5
olefins by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Cable impact test 33
Jacket bonding tests 29
D 4731 Specification for Hot-Application Filling Com-
4
pounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
D 4732 Specification for Cool-Application Filling Com-
1
4
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-9 on
pounds for Telecommunications Wire and Cable
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D09.18 on Solid Insulations, NonMetallic Shieldings and Coverings
for Electrical and Telecommunications Wires and Cables.
Current edition approved March 10, 1999. Published June 1999. Originally
2
{1
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
published as D 4565 – 86. Last previous edition D 4565 – 94 .
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.02.
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4565–99
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to 3.1.11 wire, telecommunications—products containing less
6
Determine Conformance with Specifications than six pair.
E 171 Specification for Standard Atmospheres for Condi-
7 DIMENSIONAL MEASUREMENTS OF
tioning and Testing Materials
INSULATIONS, JACKETS, MISCELLANEOUS
2.2 ANSI Standard:
CABLE COMPONENTS AND COMPLETED
AN
...

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1.1 This test method is intended to differentiate solid electrical insulating materials with respect to their resistance to the action of electric arcs produced by conduction through surface films of a specified contaminant containing moisture. Test Methods D2302, D2303, D3638, and D5288 are also useful to evaluate materials.  
1.2 Units—The values stated in SI units are the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are for information only. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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Note 1: There is no equivalent ISO standard.  
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5.1 This test method provides a means to measure a variety of fire-test-response characteristics associated with smoke obscuration and resulting from burning the electrical insulating materials contained in electrical or optical fiber cables. The specimens are allowed to burn freely under well ventilated conditions after ignition by means of a propane gas burner.  
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1.1 This is a fire-test-response standard.  
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6.1 Thermal degradation is often a major factor affecting the life of insulating materials and the equipment in which they are used. The temperature index provides a means for comparing the thermal capability of different materials in respect to the degradation of a selected property (the aging criterion). This property needs to directly or indirectly represent functional needs in application. For example, it is possible that a change in dielectric strength will be of direct, functional importance. However, more often it is possible that a decrease in dielectric strength will indirectly indicate the development of undesirable cracking (embrittlement). A decrease in flexural strength has the potential to be of direct importance in some applications, but also has the potential to indirectly indicate a susceptibility to failure in vibration. Often, it is necessary that two or more criteria of failure be used; for example, dielectric strength and flexural strength.  
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1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard (see IEEE/ASTM SI-10). The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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5.1 During operation of electrical equipment, including wires, resistors, and other conductors, it is possible for overheating to occur under certain conditions of operation, or when malfunctions occur. When this happens, a possible result is ignition of the adjacent insulation material.  
5.2 This test method assesses the susceptibility of electrical insulating materials to ignition as a result of exposure to a glowing wire.  
5.3 This test method determines the minimum temperature required to ignite a material by the effect of a glowing heat source, under the specified conditions of test.  
5.4 This method is suitable, subject to the appropriate limitations of an expected precision of ±15 %, to categorize materials.  
5.5 In this procedure, the specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory conditions. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by or from this test to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. Therefore, the results are valid only for the fire test exposure conditions described in this procedure.
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1.1 This test method covers the minimum temperature required to ignite insulating materials using a glowing heat source. In a preliminary fashion, this test method differentiates between the susceptibilities of different materials with respect to their resistance to ignition due to an electrically-heated source.  
1.2 This test method applies to molded or sheet materials available in thicknesses ranging from 0.25 mm to 6.4 mm.  
1.3 This test method is not valid for determining the ignition behavior of complete electrotechnical equipment, since the design of the electrotechnical product influences the heat transfer between adjacent parts.  
1.4 This test method measures and describes the response or materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. (See IEEE/ASTM SI-10 for further details.)For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 9.  
1.7 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
Note 1: Although this test method and IEC 60695-2-12 differ in approach and in detail, data obtained to determine the glow-wire flammability index (GWFI) using either test method are technically similar. Although this test method and IEC 60695-2-13 differ in approach and in detail, data obtained to determine the glow-wire ignition temperature (GWIT) using either test method are technically similar.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Standard Test Methods for Forced-Convection Laboratory Ovens for Evaluation of Electrical Insulation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Ovens used for thermal evaluation of insulating materials are to be capable of maintaining uniform conditions of temperature and air circulation over the extended periods of time that are required for conducting these tests. Specification D5423 specifies the permissible variations from absolute uniformity that have been accepted internationally for these ovens. These test methods include procedures for measuring these variations and other specified characteristics of the ovens.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for evaluating the characteristics of forced-convection ventilated electrically-heated ovens, operating over all or part of the temperature range from 20 °C above the ambient temperature to 500 °C and used for thermal endurance evaluation of electrical insulating materials.  
1.2 These test methods are based on IEC Publication 60216-4-1, and are technically identical to it. This compilation of test methods and an associated specification, D5423, have replaced Specification D2436.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D1711-22(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation

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1.1 This terminology standard is a compilation of technical terms associated with testing and specifying solid electrical and electronic insulating materials.  
1.2 This terminology standard shall contain all definitions that are balloted specifically through Subcommittee D09.94 and through D09 main committee and that are of general interest to standards associated with electrical and electronic insulating materials. Those definitions shall be of importance to electrical and electronic insulating materials issues but need not be directly associated with a specific standard under the jurisdiction of Committee D09 on Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials.  
1.3 It is intended that all definitions in this terminology standard originating in a specific standard under the jurisdiction of Committee D09 be identical to definitions of the same terms as printed in standards of originating technical subcommittees, with the exceptions of: (1) deletion of any part of the Discussion included in another standard that refers specifically to the use of a term in that standard; (2) figure numbers and corresponding references; and (3) in this terminology standard, a parenthetical addition of a reference to one or more technical standards in which the term is used and the year in which the term was added to this compilation.  
1.3.1 Definitions contained in this terminology standard which did not originate in a specific standard under the jurisdiction of Committee D09, or which originated in a standard that has since been revised or withdrawn, and that have been appropriately balloted, shall also be included in this terminology standard.  
1.4 It is permissible to include symbols as part of the representation of terms, where appropriate.  
1.5 It is not intended that this terminology standard include symbols (except as noted in 1.4). It is also permissible to include acronyms and abbreviations referring directly to defined terms.  
1.6 Revisions and additions to those definitions in this terminology standard which originate in a specific standard under the jurisdiction of Committee D09 are to be made as a product of a collaborative effort between Subcommittee D09.94 and the corresponding technical subcommittee of Committee D09, with Subcommittee D09.94 providing editorial advice to the technical subcommittees.  
1.7 Each definition in this terminology standard shall be accompanied by the year in which it was first incorporated into the standard, placed at the end in parentheses. All discussions shall also carry a date; it is possible that the discussion date is different from the definition date.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D4063-99(2022)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Pressboard for Electrical Insulating Purposes

ABSTRACT
This specification covers pressboard for electrical insulating purposes as well as for dielectrical or structural purposes in transformers and other electrical apparatus. Pressboards under this specification are of three types: Type 1 consists of high-purity (Grade 1.1) calendered pressboards, while Type 2 consists of normal-purity (Grades 2.1.1, 2.2.1, 2.3.1, and 2.3.2) calendered pressboards. Precompressed pressboards (Grades 3.1.1, 3.2.1, and 3.3) fall under Type 3. Not included in this specification, however, are pressboards comprised of two or more sheets laminated together using an adhesive. Pressboards shall be manufactured from unbleached kraft pulp, cotton pulp, or a combination of both, and shall conform to the thickness, density, surface texture (smooth calendered surface for Types1 and 2, and fine-textured finish for Type 3), and color (from tan to blue-gray, depending on the pressboard's grade) requirements specified. The pressboard must also be free of dirt, metal particles, and other foreign material. Tests for apparent density, thickness, moisture and ash content, aqueous extract conductivity, chloride content, tensile strength, pH of aqueous extract, dielectric strength in air and in oil, shrinkage, and compressibility shall be performed and shall conform to the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers pressboard for electrical insulating purposes, manufactured from kraft, cotton, or kraft and cotton pulps. This board is intended for dielectrical or structural purposes in transformers and other electrical apparatus.  
1.2 Electrical insulating boards are most commonly referred to (and will be referred to herein) as pressboard. Other terms used for pressboard include transformer board, fuller board, and presspan.  
1.3 This specification covers pressboard having a nominal thickness of 0.030 to 0.315 in. (0.8 to 8.0 mm). For thinner material refer to Specification D1305.  
1.4 The maximum thickness available will differ with the type and the manufacturer. The maximum sheet size will differ with the thickness, type, and manufacturer.  
1.5 Pressboard shall normally be plied wet without pasting. Unless specified by the purchaser, this specification does not include pressboard comprised of two or more sheets that have been laminated together using an adhesive.
Note 1: The materials described in this specification are similar to corresponding types of pressboard described in IEC Specification 641-3, Sheet 1, Types B.0.1, B.2.1, B.2.3, B.3.1, and B.3.3.  
1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D3394-16(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Electrical Insulating Board

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
19.1 Apparent density affects the dielectric and physical characteristics of insulating board and is a factor in the economics of its use in apparatus. This test is useful for specification, design, and quality control purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the sampling and testing of electrical insulating boards. These boards are porous, usually fibrous sheets used for dielectric and structural purposes in electrical apparatus.  
1.2 These test methods are not intended for testing vulcanized fibre or molded laminated sheets.  
1.3 These test methods are applicable to board materials having a nominal thickness of at least 0.030 in. (0.76 mm).  
Note 1: For materials thinner than 0.030 in. (0.76 mm) see Test Methods D202.  
1.4 The test methods appear in the following sections:    
Sections  
ASTM Method
Reference  
Apparent Density  
18 – 23  
Aqueous Extract Characteristics  
36 – 42  
D202  
Ash Content  
43 – 46  
T 413  
Compatibility with Dielectric
Liquids  
47 – 52  
D664, D877, D924,
D971, D974, D1169,
D1500, D1816,
D3455, D3487  
Compressibility  
79 – 85  
Conditioning  
11  
D685  
Degree of Polymerization  
86 – 89  
D4243  
Dielectric Strength in Air  
53 – 59  
D149  
Dielectric Strength in Oil  
60 – 65  
D149, D2413, D3426  
Dimensions of Sheets  
12 – 17  
Moisture Content  
31 – 35  
D644  
Oil Absorption  
72 – 78  
Reports  
10  
Sampling  
6 – 9  
D3636  
Shrinkage  
24 – 30  
D644  
Tensile Properties  
66 – 71  
D202  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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