ASTM F3524/F3524M-23

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3524/F3524M − 21 F3524/F3524M − 23
Standard Specification for
Polyamide-12 (PA12) Line Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3524/F3524M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for polyamide-12 (PA12) materials, pipe and fittings for pressure or
non-pressure oil and gas producing applications to convey fluids such as oil, dry or wet gas, multiphase fluids, and non-potable
oilfield water. This specification does not cover pipe for gas distribution applications.
1.1.1 See Specification F2785 for PA12 pipe and fittings intended for use in the distribution of natural gas, or for use with liquefied
petroleum gas.
1.1.2 Pipe and fittings covered by this specification shall not be joined using taper pipe threads. Butt fusion joining shall be done
in accordance with Practice F3372. In-plant quality control programs are described in Appendix X1. Design considerations are
discussed in Appendix X2.
1.2 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from
the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics Under Flexural Load in the Edgewise Position
D789 Test Method for Determination of Relative Viscosity of Concentrated Polyamide (PA) Solutions
D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
D1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure
D1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.68 on Energy Piping
Systems.
Current edition approved July 1, 2021April 1, 2023. Published August 2021April 2023. Originally approved in 2021. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as
F3534/F3534M–21. DOI: 10.1520/F3524_F3524M–2110.1520/F3524_F3524M–23
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3524/F3524M − 23
D1603 Test Method for Carbon Black Content in Olefin Plastics
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
D2290 Test Method for Apparent Hoop Tensile Strength of Plastic or Reinforced Plastic Pipe
D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis for
Thermoplastic Pipe Products
D4218 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Black Content in Polyethylene Compounds by the Muffle-Furnace Technique
D6779 Classification System for and Basis of Specification for Polyamide Molding and Extrusion Materials (PA)
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
F1473 Test Method for Notch Tensile Test to Measure the Resistance to Slow Crack Growth of Polyethylene Pipes and Resins
F1733 Specification for Butt Heat Fusion Polyamide(PA) Plastic Fitting for Polyamide(PA) Plastic Pipe and Tubing
F1973 Specification for Factory Assembled Anodeless Risers and Transition Fittings in Polyethylene (PE) and Polyamide 11
(PA11) and Polyamide 12 (PA12) Fuel Gas Distribution Systems
F2145 Specification for Polyamide 11 (PA 11) and Polyamide 12 (PA12) Mechanical Fittings for Use on Outside Diameter
Controlled Polyamide 11 and Polyamide 12 Pipe and Tubing
F2767 Specification for Electrofusion Type Polyamide-12 Fittings for Outside Diameter Controlled Polyamide-12 Pipe and
Tubing for Gas Distribution
F2785 Specification for Polyamide 12 Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
F3372 Practice for Butt Fusion Joining of PA12 Pipe and Fittings
2.2 ISO Standards:
307 Plastics -- Polyamides -- Determination of viscosity number
1183 Plastics -- Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics -- Part 1: Immersion method, liquid pycnometer
method and titration method
527–1 Plastics -- Determination of tensile properties -- Part 1: General principles
527–2 Plastics -- Determination of tensile properties -- Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and extrusion plastics
178 Plastics -- Determination of flexural properties
179 Plastics -- Determination of Charpy impact properties -- Part 1: Non-instrumented impact test
75–1 Plastics -- Determination of temperature of deflection under load -- Part 1: General test method
75–2 Plastics -- Determination of temperature of deflection under load -- Part 2: Plastics and ebonite
16486-1 Plastics piping systems for the supply of gaseous fuels — Unplasticized polyamide (PA-U) piping systems with fusion
jointing and mechanical jointing — Part 1: General
2.3 Military Standard:
Military Standard 129P Standard Practice—Military Marking for Shipment and Storage
2.4 Federal Standard:
FED-STD-123G Federal Standard Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
Federal Register Vol. 71, No. 50, March 15, 2006
2.5 PPI Standards:
PPI TR-3 Policies and Procedures for Developing Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB), Pressure Design Basis (PDB), Strength
Design Basis (SDB), and Minimum Required Strength (MRS) Ratings for Thermoplastic Piping Materials or Pipe
PPI TR-4 Listing of Hydrostatic Design Basis (HDB), Strength Design Basis (SDB), Pressure Design Basis (PDB) and
Minimum Required Strength (MRS) Ratings for Thermoplastic Piping Materials or Pipe
2.6 NORSOK Standards:
M-710 , 3rd Edition Qualification of non-metallic materials and manufacturers – Polymers
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Unless otherwise specified, definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412, and abbreviations are in
accordance with Terminology D1600.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 multiphase fluid, n—oil, gas, and water in any combination produced from one or more oil or gas wells, or recombined oil
or gas well fluids that may have been separated in passing through surface facilities.
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland,
https://www.iso.org.
Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
Available from Plastics Pipe Institute (PPI), 105 Decker Court, Suite 825, Irving, TX 75062, http://www.plasticpipe.org.
Available from Standards Norway, Strandveien 18, P.O. Box 242 N-1326 Lysaker, NORWAY. Email: petroleum@standard.no
F3524/F3524M − 23
3.2.2 oilfield water, n—fresh or salt water transported by pipeline, regardless of purity or quality, from wells or surface locations
for the purpose of providing water injection to underground reservoirs; or disposing of waste water from hydrocarbon or gas
production, processing, or storage facilities.
3.2.3 production run, n—the continuous extrusion of pipe of a specific diameter, wall thickness and material compound.
3.2.3.1 Discussion—
Continuous production may be temporarily interrupted by loss of power or circumstances such as breakdowns or screen changes,
etc.; however, a change of diameter or wall thickness (dimension ratio) or material compound constitutes a new production run.
3.2.4 rounding device, n—equipment, devices, clamps, and so forth, used to temporarily hold the pipe round while measurements
are made.
3.2.5 sample, n—pipe or an element of pipe that represents a quantity of pipe and provides a specimen or specimens for testing.
3.2.6 specimen, n—pipe or an element of pipe that is subjected to test.
3.2.7 standard thermoplastic material designation code, n—the pipe material designation code shall consist of the abbreviation for
polyamide (PA) followed by Arabic numerals which describe the short-term properties in accordance with Classification D6779,
the hydrostatic design stress for water at 73.4 °F [23 °C] in units of 100 psi with any decimal figures dropped.
3.2.7.1 Discussion—
Where the hydrostatic design stress code contains less than two figures, a zero is used before the number. Thus, a complete material
designation code shall consist of two letters and five figures for polyamide pipe materials. For example, PA 42316 is a grade of
polyamide 12 with a 1600 psi design stress for water at 73.4 °F [23 °C].
4. Materials
4.1 Polyamide-12 compounds suitable for use in the manufacture of pipe and fittings under this specification shall meet the
following requirements:
4.1.1 General—The polyamide material used to make pipe and fittings shall be virgin material and shall have a Plastics Pipe
Institute (PPI) long-term hydrostatic design stress and hydrostatic design basis (HDB) rating or a Minimum Required Strength
(MRS) as determined per PPI TR-3 and listed in PPI TR-4 (Table 1). The long-term hydrostatic test specimens shall be saturated
to a minimum of 95 % of the equilibrium water content at the test temperature before starting the test. The testing shall be done
with water inside and outside the test specimens.
4.1.2 Classification—Polyamide materials suitable for use in the manufacturing of pipe and fittings under this specification shall
be classified in accordance with Classification D6779, as shown in Table 2.
4.1.3 Short- and Long-Term Properties—Polyamide pipe and fittings shall be made from a PA material which also satisfies the
combinations of short- and long-term property requirements shown in Table 1.
4.1.4 Color and Ultraviolet (UV) Stabilization—PA12 compounds in pipe and fittings shall be protected against degradation by
UV radiation and contain 2 to 3 percent carbon black. Carbon black compounds shall be pre-compounded by the resin
manufacturer. The resin manufacturer shall certify the percentage carbon black for each resin lot in accordance with Test Method
D1603 or Test Method D4218.
TABLE 1 Short and Long Term Property Requirements
PA Material Short-Term in Accordance Long-Term in Accordance Long-Term in
Designation Code with D6779 PA42316 with D2837 Accordance with
ISO 9080
PA42316 PA423 Minimum HDB of 3150 psi at 73 °F Minimum MRS of 18 MPa at 20 °C
[23 °C] and [68° F]
Minimum HDB of 2000 psi at 140 °F
[60 °C] or
Minimum HDB of 1600 psi at 180 °F
[82° C]
F3524/F3524M − 23
TABLE 2 Classification D6779
Classification ASTM Test Method ISO Test Method Designation
PA Polyamide PA
4 (group) 12
2 (class) Heat stabilized
3 (grade)
Viscosity number D789 ISO 307 211-280
Specific gravity D792 ISO 1183 1.00–1.06
Tensile strength, min, psi [MPa] D638 ISO 527–1 and ISO 527–2 5000 [35]
Tensile Modulus, min, psi [MPa] SO 527–1 and ISO 527–2 145 000 [1000]
Charpy impact resistance, min, kJ/m ISO 179 25
Charpy impact resistance, min, kJ/m ISO 179 2.5
Deflection temperature, at 264 psi D648 ISO 75–1 and ISO 75–2 95 [35]
[1.82 MPa], min, °F [°C]
4.1.5 The pipe manufacturer shall have procedures for ensuring that materials meeting 4.1 are received in a condition that is
suitable for processing, including receiving inspection to discover damage or contamination from shipping.
4.2 Rework Material—Clean rework material of the same commercial designation, generated from the manufacturer’s own pipe
and fitting production shall not be used unless the pipe and fittings produced meet all the requirements of this specification.
4.2.1 The manufacturer shall have procedures for ensuring that rework material is clean before use and shall have procedures for
tracing rework material from its initial processing as virgin material through the manufacturer’s rework process to ensure that
material blends containing rework material comply with 4.2. Testing rework material for compliance with Table 2 classification
and Table 1 properties is not required.
4.3 Slow Crack Growth Resistance—PA 12 materials shall meet a slow crack growth resistance minimum requirement of 500
hours when tested in accordance with 7.6.
4.4 Elevated Temperature Service—Elevated Temperature Service—Polyamide Polyamide 12 piping materials intended for use at
temperatures above 100 °F [38 °C] shall have a PPI recommended hydrostatic design basis (HDB) listing in PPI TR-4 determined
at the specific temperature in accordance with Test Method D2837. In the absence of an HDB established at the specified
temperature, the HDB at the higher temperature may be interpolated per PPI TR-3 Part D.2 provided there are recommended HDB
listings at temperatures above and below the intended operating temperature.
5. Pipe Requirements
5.1 General—Pipe shall be supplied in either coils or straight lengths. Any pipe supplied in coils must meet the same requirements
before and after coiling.
5.2 Workmanship—The pipe and fittings shall be homogeneous throughout and free of visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusion,
blisters, and dents, or other injurious defects. The pipe and fittings shall be as uniform as commercially practicable in color, opacity,
density, and other physical properties.
5.2.1 Cut pipe ends shall be squarely cut and clean without ledges, shaving tails, burrs or cracks.
5.2.2 The interior of the pipe shall be free of cuttings, shavings and debris when produced.
5.3 Dimensions and Tolerances:
5.3.1 Dimensions—The dimensions shall be specified by wall thickness and outside diameter.
5.3.2 Pipe Diameter—The outside diameter of the pipe shall meet the outside diameter in accordance Table 3 or 5.3.7 when
measured in accordance with Test Method D2122. The outside diameter measurement shall be taken at a distance at least 1.5 times
the average outside diameter or 11.8 in. [300 mm], whichever is less, from the cut end of the pipe.
5.3.3 Toe-In—When measured in accordance with Test Method D2122, the outside diameter at the cut end of the pipe shall not
F3524/F3524M − 23
TABLE 3 Outside Diameter and Tolerance of 12 in. and Smaller Nominal Pipe Size
A
Outside Diameter and Tolerance
Nominal IPS
Average Tolerance
Pipe Size
in. [mm] in. [mm]
⁄2 0.840 [21.34] ±0.004 [±0.10]
⁄4 1.050 [26.67] ±0.004 [±0.10]
1 1.315 [33.40] ±0.005 [±0.13]
1 ⁄4 1.660 [42.16] ±0.005 [±0.13]
1 ⁄2 1.900 [48.26] ±0.006 [±0.15]
2 2.375 [60.33] ±0.006 [±0.15]
2 ⁄2 2.875 [73.03] ±0.007 [±0.18]
3 3.500 [88.90] ±0.008 [±0.20]
4 4.500 [114.30] ±0.009 [±0.23]
5 5.563 [141.30] ±0.010 [±0.25]
6 6.625 [168.28] ±0.011 [±0.28]
8 8.625 [219.08] ±0.013 [±0.38]
10 10.750 [273.05] ±0.015 [±0.38]
12 12.750 [323.85] ±0.017 [±0.43]
A
Outside diameter rounded to 3 decimal places for inch dimensions or to 2 decimal places for mm dimensions.
be more than 1.5 % smaller than the undistorted outside diameter. Measurement of the undistorted outside diameter shall be made
no closer than 1.5 pipe diameters or 11.8 in. [300 mm], whichever distance is less, from the cut end of the pipe. Undistorted outside
diameter shall meet the requirements of Table 3.
5.3.4 Ovality—The ovality (elliptical shape) of pipe when exiting production line processing equipment but before coiling or
packaging for shipment shall not exceed 5 percent when determined in accordance with 7.4.
NOTE 1—Ovality is a field correctable condition that results from packaging or storage. When coiled, pipe will deflect to an oval or elliptical profile, and
when packaged or stored, higher DR pipe may deflect to an oval or elliptical profile. If necessary, commercially available equipment can be applied to
minimize percent ovality during field joining or installation.
5.3.5 Pipe Wall Thickness—Pipe wall thickness shall be as specified in Table 4 or 5.3.7 when measured in accordance with Test
Method D2122. The minimum wall thickness at any point of measurement shall be not less than the minimum wall thickness
specified in Table 4.
5.3.6 Wall Thickness Eccentricity Range—The wall thickness eccentricity range shall be within 12 % when measured in
accordance with 7.5.
5.3.7 Special Sizes—Outside diameter not specified in Table 3 and wall thickness not specified in Table 4 are acceptable by
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. If not otherwise specified, the total tolerance on special size outside
diameter shall not exceed +0.90 percent of the minimum special outside diameter or 60.45 percent of the average special outside
diameter. If not otherwise specified, the tolerance on special size wall thickness shall be +12 percent of the minimum special size
wall thickness.
5.4 Short-Term Strength—Pipe meeting this specification shall be tested at least once per production run for short-term strength
in accordance with 5.4.1 or 5.4.2.
5.4.1 Short-Term Pressurization—The pipe shall fail in a ductile manner when tested in accordance with Test Method D1599 at
73 °F 6 4 °F [23 °C 6 2 °C] without regard to humidity at a hoop stress greater than 3900 psi [27 MPa].
5.4.2 Apparent Tensile Strength at Yield—The minimum apparent tensile strength at yield when determined in accordance with
Test Method D2290 at 73 °F 6 4 °F [23 °C 6 2 °C] without regard to humidity shall be 3900 psi [27 MPa].
5.5 Sustained Pressure at 73 °F [23 °C]—The pipe or system shall not fail in less than 1000 h when tested in accordance with
Test Method D1598. The hoop stress shall be 2800 psi [19 MPa].
6. Fitting Requirements
6.1 PA12 fittings intended for use with correspondingly sized PA12 line pipe shall be manufactured from PA12 compounds in
accordance with this section and Section 4 of this specification.
F3524/F3524M − 23
TABLE 4 Wall Thickness and Tolerance of 12 in. and Smaller Nominal Pipe Size
Wall Thickness and Tolerance
A B
Minimum Wall Thickness Tolerance
Nominal IPS Pipe Size DR
in. [mm] in. [mm]
⁄2 13.5 0.062 [1.58] +0.007 [+0.18]
11.0 0.076 [1.93] +0.009 [+0.22]
9.0 0.093 [2.36] +0.011 [+0.28]
7.3 0.115 [2.92] +0.014 [+0.36]
7.0 0.120 [3.05] +0.014 [+0.36]
⁄4 13.5 0.078 [1.98] +0.009 [+0.22]
11.0 0.095 [2.41] +0.011 [+0.28]
9.0 0.117 [2.97] +0.014 [+0.36]
7.3 0.144 [3.66] +0.017 [+0.43]
7.0 0.150 [3.81] +0.018 [+0.46]
1 13.5 0.097 [2.46] +0.012 [+0.30]
11.0 0.120 [3.05] +0.014 [+0.36]
9.0 0.146 [3.71] +0.018 [+0.46]
7.3 0.180 [4.57] +0.022 [+0.56]
7.0 0.188 [4.78] +0.023 [+0.58]
1 ⁄4 13.5 0.123 [3.12] +0.015 [+0.38]
11.0 0.151 [3.84] +0.018 [+0.46]
9.0 0.184 [4.67] +0.022 [+0.56]
7.3 0.227 [5.77] +0.027 [+0.69]
7.0 0.237 [6.02] +0.028 [+0.71]
1 ⁄2 13.5 0.141 [3.58] +0.017 [+0.43]
11.0 0.173 [4.39] +0.021 [+0.53]
9.0 0.211 [5.36] +0.025 [+0.64]
7.3 0.260 [6.60] +0.031 [+0.79]
7.0 0.271 [6.88] +0.033 [+0.84]
2 17.0 0.140 [3.56] +0.017 [+0.43]
13.5 0.176 [4.47] +0.021 [+0.51]
11.0 0.216 [5.49] +0.026 [+0.66]
9.0 0.264 [6.71] +0.032 [+0.81]
7.3 0.325 [8.26] +0.039 [+0.99]
7.0 0.339 [8.61] +0.041 [+1.04]
2 ⁄2 21.0 0.137 [3.48] +0.016 [+0.41]
17.0 0.169 [4.29] +0.020 [+0.51]
13.5 0.213 [5.41] +0.026 [+0.66]
11.0 0.261 [6.63] +0.031 [+0.79]
9.0 0.319 [8.10] +0.038 [+0.97]
7.3 0.394 [10.00] +0.047 [+1.20]
7.0 0.411 [10.43] +0.049 [+1.25]
3 21.0 0.167 [4.24] +0.020 [+0.51]
17.0 0.206 [5.23] +0.025 [+0.64]
13.5 0.259 [6.58] +0.031 [+0.79]
11.0 0.318 [8.08] +0.038 [+0.97]
9.0 0.389 [9.88] +0.047 [+1.19]
7.3 0.479 [12.17] +0.058 [+1.47]
7.0 0.500 [12.70] +0.060 [+1.52]
4 32.5 0.138 [3.51] +0.017 [+0.43]
26.0 0.173 [4.39] +0.021 [+0.53]
21.0 0.214 [5.44] +0.026 [+0.66]
17.0 0.265 [6.73] +0.032 [+0.81]
13.5 0.333 [8.46] +0.040 [+1.02]
11.0 0.409 [10.39] +0.049 [+1.24]
9.0 0.500 [12.70] +0.060 [+1.52]
7.3 0.616 [15.65] +0.074 [+1.88]
7.0 0.643 [16.33] +0.077 [+1.96]
5 32.5 0.171 [4.35] +0.021 [+0.52]
26.0 0.214 [5.43] +0.027 [+0.65]
21.0 0.265 [6.73] +0.032 [+0.81]
17.0 0.327 [8.31] +0.039 [+1.00]
13.5 0.412 [10.47] +0.049 [
...