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ASTM C860-00

(Practice)

Standard Practices for Determining the Consistency of Refractory Castable Using the Ball-In-Hand Test

Standard Practices for Determining the Consistency of Refractory Castable Using the Ball-In-Hand Test

SCOPE
1.1 The amount of water used in a castable mix for preparing test specimens has a significant influence on the test results. These practices cover procedures for determining and measuring the consistency of castable mixes in preparing specimens for two test methods:  
1.1.1 Flow-Table Test.  
1.1.2 Ball-in-Hand Test.  
1.2 These practices apply to regular weight castable refractories, insulating castable refractories, and castable refractories that require heavy vibration for forming, which are described in Classification C401. They also apply to such castables containing metal fibers.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see 3.2.1 and 6.2.2.1.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Apr-2000
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
C08 - Refractories
Drafting Committee
C08.09 - Monolithics
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM C860-00(2005) - Standard Practice for Determining the Consistency of Refractory Castable Using the Ball-In-Hand Test
Effective Date
01-Dec-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1445-13(2018) - Standard Test Method for Measuring Consistency of Castable Refractory Using a Flow Table
Effective Date
10-Apr-2000
Referred By
ASTM C71-12(2018) - Standard Terminology Relating to Refractories
Effective Date
10-Apr-2000

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ASTM C860-00 - Standard Practices for Determining the Consistency of Refractory Castable Using the Ball-In-Hand TestASTM C860-00 - Standard Practices for Determining the Consistency of Refractory Castable Using the Ball-In-Hand Test
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ASTM C860-00 - Standard Practices for Determining the Consistency of Refractory Castable Using the Ball-In-Hand Test
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C860–00
Standard Practice for
Determining the Consistency of Refractory Castable Using
the Ball-In-Hand Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 860; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.3 The Ball-in-Hand test is subjective and somewhat de-
pends on the skill of the operator. However, it is a universally
1.1 The amount of water used in a castable has a significant
accessible method due to the simplicity of the equipment
influence on its performance. This practice covers the proce-
required, and it is readily used in the field.
dures for determining the consistency of a castable using the
3.4 The total wet mixing time of a castable influences the
Ball-in-Hand Test.
rheological and final properties and therefore should be moni-
1.2 This practice applies to regular weight castable refrac-
tored.
tories and insulating castable refractories which are described
3.5 This practice can be performed in a laboratory or on a
in Classification C 401. It also applies to such castables
job site.
containing metal fibers.
3.6 This practice is not intended to determine the proper
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
consistency for gunning applications, although it may provide
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
information of value for interpretation by a skilled operator.
responsibility of this standard to establish appropriate safety
and health practices and determine the applicability of regu-
4. Apparatus
latory limitations prior to use 6.2.3.1.
4.1 Castable Mixer—Either a manually or electrically op-
2. Referenced Documents erated (see Fig. 1) mechanical mixer may be used to prepare
batches for consistency determination in a laboratory. Wet
2.1 ASTM Standards:
castable may also be obtained while in the field from the mixer
C 401 Classification of Alumina and Alumina-Silicate
being used for installation.
Castable Refractories
4.2 Heavy Rubber Gloves, for castables containing metal
3. Significance and Use
fibers.
4.3 Clock or Watch, with second hand.
3.1 This practice is used primarily to determine if a freshly
mixed refractory castable is of the proper consistency and
5. Sampling
therefore would most likely provide optimum performance. It
5.1 A representative handful of freshly mixed castable
can also be used to estimate the correct water addition rate of
should be drawn from the center of the mixer while the mixer
a castable when either the manufacturer’s specified water
is not running.
content is not available or when unique circumstances have
rendered that recommendation unusable.
6. Procedure
3.2 The correct water content is an important factor that
6.1 Preparation of Castable:
must be controlled to obtain optimum castable performance.
6.1.1 Load the mixer with dry castable to an appropriate
Excess water can reduce strength, increase volume shrinkage,
level so as to allow proper mixing action by the mixer but not
and promote segregation of the castable ingredients. Insuffi-
so much as to cause dry or wet castable to splash out of the
cient water can produce “honeycombs” (air voids) in the
mixer.
castable because of the insufficient mobility during placement
6.1.1.1 The amount of water required to reach the consis-
and in extreme cases can prevent the complete hydration of the
tency specified in 6.2 increases as the dry volume loading of a
cement (if used).
mixer drops below 40 % of its capacity. This occurs because
the percentage of the total water required to wet the mixer
surfaces increases with decreased volume loading.
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC08onRefractories
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.09 on Monolithic Refractories.
Current edition approved April 10, 2000. Published June 2000. Originally
published as C 860 – 77. Last previous edition C 860 – 91 (1995). Mixers having various capacities are available from the Hobart Manufacturing
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.01. Co., Troy, OH and have been found to be
...

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1.2.1 Exception—In 7.3, the equivalent SI unit is expressed in parentheses.  
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4.3 The procedures and results may be applied to other refractory types or applications (that is, reheat furnace skid rail brick) in which glass exudation is considered to be important.
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1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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