ASTM D1665-98(2009)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D1665 −98(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Method for
Engler Specific Viscosity of Tar Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1665; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the determination of specific
4.1 The time, in s, is measured for a fixed volume of liquid
viscosity of tars and their fluid products. It does not determine
material to flow through an efflux tube under an accurately
absolute viscosity, but is an empirical flow test. Only by
reproducible head and at a closely controlled temperature. The
conforming strictly to requirements of the test method are
Engler specific viscosity is then calculated by dividing the
reproducible results obtained.
efflux time by the viscometer calibration factor as determined
by making the same efflux measurement for water.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5. Significance and Use
standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 This test method is useful in characterizing the consis-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tency of tar and tar distillates by measuring their flow proper-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ties. It is applicable to materials that are readily liquid at
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
temperatures up to 100°C.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 Engler ViscosimeterasshowninFig.1,consistingofthe
2.1 ASTM Standards:
following:
D140 Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
6.1.1 Cup—This is a gold-plated cylindrical brass vessel of
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
106.0 6 1.0 mm, A, inside diameter, closed at the top by a
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
double walled lid. To the rounded bottom is attached a
Sieves
metal-encased tapered platinum efflux tube 20.0 6 0.1 mm, H,
long with an inside diameter of 2.90 6 0.02 mm, E, at the top
3. Terminology
and 2.80 6 0.02 mm, F, at the bottom. The efflux tube shall
3.1 Definitions:
project through and extend 3.0 6 0.2 mm, G, below a jacket
3.1.1 Engler specific viscosity—the ratio obtained by divid-
that surrounds the cup and shall have a bottom outside
ing the time of flow, in s, of 50 mLof material using an Engler
diameter, including its surrounding metal, of 4.5 6 0.2 mm, I.
viscosimeter at a selected temperature by a factor representing
Three metal measuring points, spaced equidistantly around the
thetimeofflow,ins,foranequalvolumeofwaterat25°C.The
circumference of the cup, are fastened to the sides and extend
usualtemperaturesfordeterminationofspecificviscosityoftar
inwardlyapproximately7mm,thenturnupatarightangleand
materials are 25°C, 40°C, 50°C, and 100°C, and generally the
end in sharp points which are located 52.0 6 0.5 mm, D,
temperatureissoselectedthatthespecificviscosityisnotmore
verticallyabovethelowerendoftheeffluxtubeand25.0 61.0
than 45.
mm, C, above the lowest portion of the cylindrical sidewall of
the cup. They serve both for indicating when the instrument is
level and for measuring the charge of material, which is
1 approximately 250 mL.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.43 on
6.1.2 Jacket—The cup is surrounded by a jacket which
Specifications and Test for Tar and Tar Products.
holds water or other suitable liquid serving as a constant
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009. Published January 2010. Originally
temperature bath. In the type illustrated, the jacket is provided
approved in 1959. Previous edition approved in 2003 as D1665 – 98 (2003). DOI:
10.1520/D1665-98R09.
with a thermometer clamp and stirring device. A tripod
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
supports the apparatus and also carries a ring burner by means
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
of which the bath is heated.Adjustable legs on the tripod serve
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. to level the instrument. Other arrangements of outer baths,
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D1665−98 (2009)
FIG. 1 Engler Viscosimeter
supports,andstirringdevicesareacceptable,especiallywhenit pin to end in a circular plane 1.6 to 2.0 mm in diameter.Above
is desired to use more than one standardized cup in a single the pin the rod shall be planed or grooved on four sides to a
bath.
depth of 1 mm to prevent any possible restriction of air flow.
6.1.3 Stopper—The efflux tube in the cup is closed or
6.2 Receivers—Two types are required as follows:
opened by the insertion or withdrawal of a tapered hardwood
6.2.1 Testing Flask—50mLgraduatecalibratedat20°C(see
stopper which, to leave the tube open, can be suspended by its
Fig. 2).
brass pin from the hook on the cover. The stopper shall be a
smooth, round, wooden rod 180 mm long and 8 mm in 6.2.2 Calibration Flask—Forstandardizationpurposesthere
diameter, with a brass wire pin 20 mm and 1.83 mm in shall be available a Kohlrausch flask, Fig. 3, with top enlarged
diameter long inserted diametrically through the rod at a point above the graduation mark and calibrated to contain 200 6 0.1
50 mm from the lower end, and tapered uniformly below this mL at 20°C.
D1665−98 (2009)
8. Preparation of Sample
8.1 Stir the sample until it is homogeneous, using heat if
necessary. Avoid inclusion of air bubbles, loss of volatile or
other effects, which may influence the viscosity. Strain a
representative portion of the sample through the strainer to
eliminate particles, and proceed in accordance with Section 10.
Strain the material directly into the viscosimeter if preferred.
9. Standardization and Calibration of Viscosimeter
9.1 The efflux time for 200 mL of distilled water at 20.0°C
with an acceptable Engler viscosimeter shall be between 50.0
and 52.0 s. Determine this time and the factor representing the
efflux time for 50.0 mL of water at 25.0°C, as described in
9.1.1-9.1.6:
9.1.1 Clean the inner vessel and efflux tube of the viscosim-
eter with appropriate solvents, and finish by washing several
times with pure methyl or 95 % ethyl alcohol and rinsing
several times with distilled water.
NOTE 1—In cleaning the viscosimeter take particular precautions to
avoid injury to the efflux tube and measuring points. Use only a soft cloth
in the cup, and soft tissue in the efflux tube. Avoid wires or similar
substances and corrosive liquids. To prevent an air seal, keep the lid and
lip of the cup clean at all times. After a viscosimeter has
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