ASTM C1536-02

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: C 1536 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Yield for Aerosol Foam Sealants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1536; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.3 post dispensing contraction—the decrease in the foam
bead diameter or height that can occur immediately after initial
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the linear
foam sealant dispensing up to final curing or drying of the
units of specified diameter bead of foam sealant that can be
product.
obtained from a single can of aerosol product. Four (4) cans are
3.1.4 post dispensing expansion—the increase in the foam
required for each product determination.
bead diameter or height that occurs immediately after initial
1.2 The method is intended to estimate the contents of the
foam sealant dispensing up to final curing or drying of the
aerosol container (1) for purposes of label statements, and (2)
product.
to provide the user information needed to estimate job require-
3.1.5 symbols—letter symbols are used to represent physi-
ments.
cal measurements and are defined in Tables 1 and 2.
1.3 Such foam sealants are used for a variety of end use
3.1.6 yield—the yield for an aerosol can of foam sealant is
applications intended to reduce air movement in the building
the quantity of a specified nominal diameter of foam bead
envelope.
which is dispensed from a full can as defined by this test
1.4 Currently two main foam sealant types are applicable to
method.
this standard, single component polyurethane and latex types.
1.5 There is no other known standard test method to
4. Summary of Test Method
measure aerosol foam sealant yield.
4.1 Procedure A—Suitable for foams that can be measured
1.6 Values are reported in SI units only. Certain apparatus
by water displacement.
and supply items are referenced in inch-pound units for
4.1.1 The middle 100 g of the aerosol can’s contents is
purchasing purposes.
dispensed as a specified size of bead segments.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1.2 The dispensed foam volume is determined by measur-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ing the volume of displaced water when the foam bead
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
segments are submersed.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1.3 The yield (defined as the total bead length of a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
specified nominal bead diameter of cured foam per can) is
2. Referenced Documents calculated from the measured foam volume.
4.2 Procedure B—Suitable for foam sealants that cannot be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 measured by water displacement.
C 717 Terminology of Building Seals and Sealants
4.2.1 The middle 100 g of the container’s contents is
3. Terminology dispensed as a specified size of bead segments.
4.2.2 The volume of the foam bead is directly measured
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
from the dried or cured foam bead segments by direct
3.1.1 aerosol foam sealant—foam sealant, which is dis-
measurement. Yield is calculated from these measurements.
pensed from any aerosol can, pressure cylinder or container,
intended to seal cracks or gaps.
NOTE 1—Procedure A uses tap water (see 11.10) to which 4.2 g of
3.1.2 empty aerosol can (of foam sealant)—the time at
Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate (70 % solids) and 1.2 g of SAG 10
defoamer per 4 litres may be added as wetting agent/defoamer blend. This
which the product flow of the foam sealant is less than 2.0
avoids false readings if air bubbles become a problem. The water is
linear cm or 1.0 g of continuous foam bead during two
maintained at 23 6 2°C during the submersion part of the test. It is
continuous seconds of dispensing.
permissible for a single batch of water to be used up to 48 h.
5. Significance and Use
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C24 on Building
Seals and Sealants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C24.61 on
5.1 Yield measurement of aerosol foam sealants are used to
Aerosol Foam Sealants.
indicate the amount of sealant that can be obtained from a
Current edition approved June 10, 2002. Published December 2002.
single can of product.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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C1536–02
TABLE 1 Data Acquisition and Calculation Form for Foam Yield Measurement Procedure A
Sample Description Symbol
Canister Avg. initial weight (g) (A + A )/2 = A
1 2
Avg. weight after discharge (g) (B + B )/2 = B
1 2
Avg. max discharged weight (g) A − B
Specimen Preparation Temperature (°C) . . .
Relative humidity (%) . . .
Can’s starting weight (g) (E +E /2=E
1 2
Can’s finishing weight (g) (F +F /2=F
1 2
Amount of discharged product (g) E − F
Results Dischargeable volume of cured beads measured by water H
displacement (mL)
A
Yield (Y) based on linear metres of 1.0 cm bead per can Y =[(A − B)/(E − F)] H 4 78.5
A 3
78.5 is the factor to convert volume (cm ) to linear meter of 1 cm diameter bead.
TABLE 2 Data Acquisition and Calculation Form for Foam Yield Measurement Procedure B
Sample Description Symbol
Canister Avg. initial weight (g) (A + A )/2 = A
1 2
Avg. weight after discharge (g) (B + B )/2 = B
1 2
Avg. max discharged weight (g) A − B
Specimen Preparation Temperature (°C) . . .
Relative humidity (%) . . .
Can’s starting weight (g) E + E /2 = E
1 2
Can’s finishing weight (g) F + F /2 = F
1 2
Amount of discharged product (g) E − F
Total volume of cured beads measured and calculated by p · r · L H
(cm )
Results Dischargeable volume of cured beads, converted to (L) [(A − B)/(E − F)] H/1000
A,B
Yield (Y) based on linear metres of 1.0 cm bead per can Y =[(A − B)/(E − F)] H/78.5
A 3
78.5 is the factor to convert volume (cm ) to linear meter of 1.0 cm diameter bead
B
L =cm and l = liters
5.2 The yield does not predict the performance capability of 6.9 Corrugated Cardboard 200 Pound Weight Substrate,
the foam sealant product or its suitability for the intended available in various sizes, trimmable to 70 6 10 3 120 6 15
application. cm for convenient handling.
5.3 Procedure A was developed for use with products that
6.10 Meter Stick, readable to the nearest 0.1 cm.
can be volumetrically measured by submersion in water.
6.11 Vernier Caliper, readable to the nearest 0.1 mm.
Procedure B was developed for product that cannot be mea-
sured by using a water displacement method.
7. Test Specimens and Substrates
5.4 Yield is often dependent on the bead size dispensed.
7.1 Prepare all test specimens at standard laboratory condi-
Extrapolation of test results using data measured for larger size
tions of 23 6 2°C and 50 6 5 % relative humidity.
beads to estimate smaller sized beads has shown inaccuracies.
7.2 Polyurethane foam sealant (typically measured using
Since yield will be reported based on the diameter of the cured
Procedure A) shall be dispensed directly on to polyolefin film
bead (not initial bead size), the operator shall determine the
covered rigid cardboard or suspended mesh mounted on a
nominal initial bead size required to produce a specific nominal
frame of convenient size approximately 70 3 120 cm.
cured bead diameter. This foam characteristic called “post
7.3 If fiberglass screen is used for the specimen substrate in
dispensing contraction” or “post dispensing expansion” is
defined in 3.1.3 and 3.1.4. Procedure A it shall be lightly coated with PTFE aerosol spray
and allowed to air dry just before the foam sealant is applied.
6. Apparatus
If polyolefin film or mesh is used the PTFE spray is not used.
6.1 Dioctyl Sodium Sulfosuccinate, or equivalent. 7.4 Foam sealants that cannot be measured by water dis-
placement (Procedure B) shall be dispensed directly on to Kraft
6.2 SAG 10 Defoamer, or equivalent.
6.3 Top Loading Balance, readable to 0.01 g. paper or Kraft paper covered corrugated rigid sheet of conve-
nient size approximately 70 3 120 cm. The Kraft paper is
6.4 Small Rigid Wooden, Metal, or Plastic Frame, to sup-
port screen or mesh type substrates. trimmed away from the specimens in order to facilitate
measuring the height and width of the bead. The paper shall not
6.5 Water Tank and Wire Cage Apparatus, shown in Figs.
A1.1-A1.6to measure volume by water displacement for Pro- be totally removed from the foam but only trimmed off up to
the foam edge for measuring purposes.
cedure A.
6.6 PTFE Release Agent, or equivalent.
NOTE 2—All polyurethane sealants shall be applied with the substrate
6.7 Fiberglass Insect Screening, or equivalent.
laid horizontally on a bench top or other support and allowed to cure for
6.8 Polyolefin Film or Mesh, available from various local
24 h before measurements are taken. Latex sealants will be applied with
supply companies, 2 mil thickness or greater film of smooth
the substrate in a position that will allow the product to dispense in the
finish only, matte or textured finishes are not suitable. upright position and will be dried for 48 h before measurements are taken.
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
C1536–02
7.5 For each product tested it is essential to follow the outlet on the container shall be selected and installed so that it
manufacturer’s label directions and to use the dispenser sup- can accurately maintain the water level throughout the test and
plied with the product. before and after an object is submerged. The positive displace-
ment container shall be placed on a level surface and not
8. Conditioning
moved during the test. It shall also be calibrated by adding a
8.1 Condition and test the sealant specimens under standard
known amount of water (similar in volume to the expected
laboratory conditions (see 9.8).
foam volume) to the container and measuring the over flow
output in three separate determinations. When 2000 6 50gof
9. Procedure A
water are added the three output measurements shall not differ
9.1 Prepare the substrate as described in 7.2.
by more than 4 g. For a well-constructed device the over
9.2 Weigh the full can of foam sealant without the cap but
...