ASTM F2180-02(2007)e1

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e1
Designation: F 2180 – 02 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Specification for
Metallic Implantable Strands and Cables
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2180; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Section 3 and paragraphs 11.1 and 12.4 were editorially corrected in February 2007.
1. Scope F1295 Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-
7Niobium Alloy for Surgical Implant Applications (UNS
1.1 This specification covers the materials, dimensional
R56700)
tolerances, constructions, and mechanical properties for stan-
F1314 SpecificationforWroughtNitrogenStrengthened22
dard metallic implantable strands and cables.
Chromium−13Nickel−5Manganese−2.5Molybdenum
1.2 This specification is intended to assist in the develop-
Stainless Steel Alloy Bar and Wire for Surgical Implants
ment of specific strand and cable specifications. It is particu-
(UNS S20910)
larly appropriate for high load bearing applications. It is not
F1341 Specification for Unalloyed Titanium Wire UNS
intended however, to address all of the possible variations in
R50250, UNS R50400, UNS R50550, UNS R50700, for
construction, material, or properties.
Surgical Implant Applications
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
2.2 American Society for Quality (ASQ) Standard:
standard. The inch-pound equivalents may be approximate.
ASQC1 Specification of General Requirements for a Qual-
2. Referenced Documents
ity Program
2.3 Department of Defense Specifications:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
MIL-DTL-83420J Wire Rope, Flexible, For Aircraft Con-
E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
trol
F86 Practice for Surface Preparation and Marking of Me-
MIL-DTL-83420/1B Wire Rope, Flexible, Type 1, Compo-
tallic Surgical Implants
sition A
F90 Specification for Wrought Cobalt-20Chromium-
MIL-DTL-83420/2B Wire Rope, Flexible, Type 1, Compo-
15Tungsten-10Nickel Alloy for Surgical Implant Applica-
sition B
tions (UNS R30605)
F 136 Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Aluminum-
3. Terminology
4Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial)Alloy for Surgical
3.1 Definitions:
Implant Applications (UNS R56401)
3.1.1 cable, n—agroupofstrandshelicallytwistedtogether.
F138 Specification for Wrought 18Chromium-14Nickel-
3.1.2 diameter, n—the distance between opposing points
2.5Molybdenum Stainless Steel Bar and Wire for Surgical
across the circle circumscribing either the strand or cable as
Implants (UNS S31673)
illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 (see MIL-DTL-83420J, MIL-DTL-
F 562 Specification for Wrought 35Cobalt-35Nickel-
83420/1B and MIL-DTL-83420/2B).
20Chromium-10Molybdenum Alloy for Surgical Implant
3.1.3 lay (or twist), n—the helical form taken by the wires
Applications (UNS R30035)
in a strand and by the strands in a cable (see MIL-DTL-
F1058 Specification for Wrought 40Cobalt-20Chromium-
83420J).
16Iron-15Nickel-7Molybdenum Alloy Wire and Strip for
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Ina“RightLay”situation,thewiresof
Surgical Implant Applications (UNS R30003 and UNS
the strand (or the strands in a cable) are oriented in the same
R30008)
direction as the thread on a right-hand screw.
3.1.4 length of lay (or pitch), n—the distance parallel to the
axis of the strand (or cable) in which a wire (or strand) makes
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F04 on
Medical and Surgical Materials and Devices and is the direct responsibility of
one complete turn about the axis.
Subcommittee F04.21 on Osteosynthesis.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2007. Published February 2007. Originally
approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F2180–02. Withdrawn.
2 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from the American Society for Quality (ASQ), 600 N. Plankinton
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53203.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from DODSSP, Building 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadel-
the ASTM website. phia, PA 19111–5098.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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F 2180 – 02 (2007)
FIG. 1 Standard Stranding Constructions
FIG. 2 Standard Cabling Constructions
3.1.5 M3N, n—theconstructiondesignationforstrandsand 5. Ordering Information
cables. In this construction designation M represents the
5.1 Inquiries and orders under this specification shall in-
number of strands in the cable and N represents the number of
clude the following information:
wires in each strand.
5.1.1 Quantity (weight, length, or number of pieces),
3.1.5.1 Discussion— Some examples of strand construc-
5.1.2 ASTM designation,
tions are 137 and 133. Similar examples of cable construc-
5.1.3 Material (ASTM designation),
tions are 737 and 7319.
5.1.4 Condition,
3.1.6 strand, n—a group of wires helically twisted together.
5.1.5 Construction,
3.1.7 wire, n—anindividualelement(typicallyacylindrical
5.1.6 Applicable dimensions (including diameter, length(s)
rod) making up a strand.
of lay, and length),
5.1.7 Mechanical properties (including breaking force),
4. General Requirements
5.1.8 Special requirements, and
4.1 In addition to the requirements of this specification, all
5.1.9 Special tests.
requirements of the current editions of Specifications F90,
F136, F138, F562, F1058, F1295, F1314, and F1341 shall
6. Materials and Manufacture
apply.
4.2 In cases of conflict between this specification and those 6.1 Wires—Implantable strands and cables shall be manu-
listed in 2.1, this specification shall take precedence. factured using equivalent size wires.
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F 2180 – 02 (2007)
TABLE 1 Dimensional Requirements for Metallic Implantable
6.2 Condition—Implantable strands and cables shall be
Strands and Cables
supplied in the cold-worked, cold-worked and stress-relieved,
Specified Diameter, Diameter Tolerance, Out-of-Round Tolerance,
or annealed condition.
mm (in.) 6mm (in.) mm (in.)
6.3 Finish—Types of finish available in strands and cables
Under 0.12 (0.0048) 0.0075 (0.0003) 0.0075 (0.0003)
are cold-drawn, pickled, swaged, or as specified by customer.
0.12 to under 0.20 (0.008) 0.015 (0.0006) 0.015 (0.0006)
0.20 to under 0.30 (0.012) 0.022 (0.0009) 0.022 (0.0009)
0.30 to under 0.60 (0.024) 0.030 (0.0012) 0.030 (0.0012)
7. Stranding
0.60 to under 0.82 (0.033) 0.037 (0.0015) 0.037 (0.0015)
0.82 to under 1.10 (0.044) 0.060 (0.0024) 0.060 (0.0024)
7.1 The standard strand constructions are illustrated in Fig.
1.10 to under 2.50 (0.100) 0.075 (0.0030) 0.075 (0.0030)
1. These constructions are described in the following manner:
2.50 to under 4.10 (0.160) 0.150 (0.0060) 0.150 (0.0060)
7.1.1 133 Strand—This construction is characterized by a
left-hand lay with a uniform pitch of 4 to 10 times the nominal
strand diameter.
11. Mechanical Requirements
7.1.2 137 Strand—This construction is characterized by a
11.1 TeststrandsandcablesshallbeinaccordancewithTest
left-hand lay with a uniform pitch of 8 to 16 times the nominal
Method E8. When tensile testing strands and cables, use a
strand diameter.
gauge length of 254 mm (10 in.).
7.1.3 1319 Strand—This construction is charac
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