ASTM F858-96

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: F 858 – 96
Standard Specification for
Hot Water Sanitizing Commercial Dishwashing Machines,
Single Tank, Conveyor Rack Type
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 858; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2.4 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Stan-
dards:
1.1 This specification covers single tank, automatic rack
NEMA ICS Industrial Controls and Systems
type, commercial dishwashing machines.
NEMA MG-1 Motors and Generators
2. Referenced Documents
2.5 National Fire Protection Association Standard:
NFPA No. 70 National Electrical Code
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2.6 NSF International Standards, Criteria, and Listings:
A 167 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting
NSF 3 Spray Type Dishwashing Machines
Chromium-Nickel Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
NSF 5 Commercial Hot Water Generating Equipment
A 276 Specification for Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel
NSF 14 Plastic Piping System Components and Related
Bars and Shapes
Materials
A 436 Specification for Austenitic Gray Iron Castings
NSF 29 Detergent/Chemical Feeders for Commercial
A 554 Specification for Welded Stainless Steel Mechanical
Spray-Type Dishwashing Machines
Tubing
NSF 51 Plastic Materials and Components Used in Food
A 582 Specification for Free-Machining Stainless and Heat-
Equipment
Resisting Steel Bars, Hot-Rolled or Cold-Finished
NSF Criteria C-2 Special Equipment and/or Devices
B 43 Specification for Seamless Red Brass Pipe, Standard
NSF Food Equipment and Related Products, Components,
Sizes
and Materials
B 75 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube
2.7 Underwriters Laboratories Standard:
B 127 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS NO
UL 921 Commercial Electric Dishwashers
4400) Plate, Sheet, and Strip
2.8 American Society of Sanitary Engineering Standards:
F 760 Specification for Food Service Equipment Manuals
ASSE 1001 Pipe Applied Atmospheric Vacuum Breakers
F 861 Specification for Commercial Dishwashing Racks
ASSE 1004 Dishwashers
2.2 Federal Regulation:
OSHA Title 29
3. Terminology
2.3 American National Standards:
3.1 Definition:—commercial dishwashing machines—
ANSI S1.4 Specification for Sound Level Meters
machines that uniformly wash, rinse, and hot water sanitize
ANSI S1.13 Methods for Measurement of Sound Pressure
eating and drinking utensils. The machines shall be capable of
Levels
removing physical soil from properly racked and pre-scraped
items, and sanitizing multiple use eating and drinking utensils.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-26 on Food
These machines shall automatically convey racks of soiled
Service Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F26.01 on
dishes through the treatment stages of the machine, conveying
Cleaning and Sanitation Equipment.
Current edition approved May 10, 1996. Published August 1996. Originally them out at the clean end of the machine. The dishwashing
published as F 858 – 84. Last previous edition F 858 – 90.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
3 11
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.05. Available from National Electrical Manufacturers Assn., 2101 “L” Street,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.02. N.W., Washington, DC 20037.
5 12
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01. Available from National Fire Protection Assn., Batterymarch Park, Quincy,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01. MA 02269.
7 13
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04. Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, Ann Arbor, MI 48113-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.07. 0140.
9 14
Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter XVII, Part 1910, available from Available from Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, North-
Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. brook, IL 60062.
10 15
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th Available from American Society of Sanitary Engineering, P. O. Box 9712 Bay
Floor, New York, NY 10036. Village, OH 44140.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 858
machines shall consist of the following principle parts: base, or 5.1.10 Treatment and painting if other than specified (see
legs, or both, wash chamber, rinse chamber, tanks, doors, spray Section 10),
assemblies, pumps, motors, controls, piping, valves, heating 5.1.11 When energy consumption profiles, water consump-
equipment, conveying mechanism, and accessories.
tion profiles, or productivity profiles are desired (see 12.3), and
5.1.12 Manufacturer’s certification, when required (see Sec-
4. Classification
tion 13).
4.1 General—Dishwashing machines shall be of the follow-
6. Materials and Design
ing types, styles, classes, size, and capacity groups, as speci-
fied.
6.1 All materials shall be specified as follows:
4.2 Types:
6.1.1 Materials used shall be free from defects that would
4.2.1 Type I—This machine shall be designed and supplied
adversely affect the performance or maintainability of indi-
to accept the feeding of soiled tableware from the right side,
vidual components of the overall assembly. The dishwashing
when facing the front of the machine.
machines shall meet the material, design, and construction
4.2.2 Type II—This machine shall be designed and supplied
requirements of NSF No. 3, and Criteria C-2, where applicable.
to accept the feeding of soiled tableware from the left side,
6.1.2 Corrosion-Resistant Steel—Corrosion-resistant steel
when facing the front of the machine.
shall conform to the requirements of any 300 series stainless
4.3 Styles and Classes:
steel specified in 2.1.
4.3.1 Style 1 (Steam Heated)—(20 to 35 psi 137.9 to 241.3
6.1.3 Corrosion Resisting Material—Corrosion-resisting
kPa) flowing pressure at point of machine connection.
material is other than corrosion resistant steel that is equivalent
4.3.1.1 Class A—Injector.
in the dishwasher application.
4.3.1.2 Class B—Heat exchange coil.
6.1.4 Nickel-Copper Alloy—Nickel-copper alloys shall con-
4.3.2 Style 2 (Electrically heated).
form to the requirements of Specification B 127.
4.3.3 Style 3 (Gas-heated).
6.1.5 Plastics—All plastic materials and components used
4.3.3.1 Class C—Natural gas.
in the dishwashing machine rinse system shall conform to NSF
4.3.3.2 Class D—LP gas.
14.
4.4 Size and Capacity:
3 3
4.4.1 Group A—19 ⁄4 by 19 ⁄4in. (nominal) racks at 162 per
7. Construction Requirements
hour minimum.
7.1 The dishwashing machine shall be complete so that
3 3
4.4.2 Group B—19 ⁄4 by 19 ⁄4in. (nominal) racks at 180 per
when connected to the specified source of power, water supply,
hour minimum.
heating means (steam, electric, or gas), drainage, detergent,
3 3
4.4.3 Group C—19 ⁄4 by 19 ⁄4in. (nominal) racks at 194 per
and rinse agent feeder as applicable, the unit can be used for its
hour minimum.
intended function. Dishwashers shall be rigid, quiet in opera-
4.5 All dishwashing machines of the same classification,
tion, free from objectionable vibration, and so constructed as to
model or material list designation furnished with similar
prevent objectionable splashing of water to the outside of the
options under a specific purchase order, shall be identical to the
machine. The machine shall be equipped with splash curtains
extent necessary to ensure interchangeability of component
to prevent excessive splash and spray carryover. Parts requiring
parts, assemblies, accessories, and spare parts.
adjustment or service, or both, shall be readily accessible from
the front and side of the machine. The machine shall wash
5. Ordering Information
dishes by means of a water and detergent solution pumped
5.1 Purchasers should select the preferred options permitted
from the wash tank, and shall final rinse the dishes with fresh
in this specification and include the following information in
water from an outside source. Provisions shall be made to fill
procurement documents:
the wash tank either directly from the regular hot water supply
5.1.1 Title, number, and date of this standard,
or through a booster. The dishwashing machine shall have a
3 3
5.1.2 Type, style, class, and group machine required (see
conveyor for handling 19 ⁄4by 19 ⁄4 in. (nominal) racks. The
4.1),
conveyor shall be protected by an adjustable slip clutch or
5.1.3 Noise level requirements, if other than specified (See
other device. Means shall be provided for releasing or discon-
11.2),
necting the driving power, or the drive, in case of jamming.
5.1.4 When a service-supply valve is required (see 7.4),
The conveyor shall be driven by a motor-driven gear reduction
5.1.5 When a standard 40°F (22°C) temperature rise steam, unit. The pumped wash and final rinse treatment shall be
or electric, or gas booster is required, or stipulate if the required
controlled by means of the conveyor speed as determined by
temperature rise is more than 40°F (22°C) (see 7.13), NSF 3 for single tank conveyor type machines. The final rinse
5.1.6 Electrical power supply characteristics (current, volt-
spray control shall have a positive return to the OFF position
age, phase, frequency). See Section 8, when there are no racks in process to ensure the conservation
5.1.7 When a detergent feeder is required (see 7.15),
of final rinse water. The machine shall be provided with tracks
5.1.8 When a rinse agent feeder is required (see 7.16), of corrosion-resistant steel or other corrosion-resisting material
5.1.9 Accessory equipment, such as end cowls with vent 0.070 in. or equivalent die formed 0.059 in. Dishwashers shall
opening, or spare and maintenance parts required, as suggested have an inside working height of not less than 17 ⁄2in. (444.5
by manufacturer, mm) above the track.
F 858
7.2 Conveyor—The conveyor shall be of heavy duty con- warping. One door assembly shall be furnished for each tank.
struction and of a suitable corrosion resisting material. It shall
7.11 Legs (Feet)—The machine shall be rigidly constructed
be designed to convey racks through the dishwasher automati-
and have four or more legs (feet) made of corrosion-resisting
cally. See Specification F 861.
steel, or other corrosion resisting material. Legs shall be
7.3 Piping, Tubing, Fittings, and Valves (Installation)— adjustable, so that the height of the track may be varied from
34 to 35 in. (863.6 to 889 mm) above the floor.
Connections shall be readily accessible to facilitate installation
and maintenance. Piping, tubing, and valves shall be located,
7.12 Pump and Motor Assemblies:
whenever possible on the exterior of the machine.
7.12.1 Assemblies—The pump and motor assembly shall be
7.4 Piping and Fittings—Water, steam piping, and fittings
mounted on the tank or on a rigid steel base. Rotary seals shall
shall be of corrosion-resisting material (see Specification be provided for pump shafts and shall be removable for
B 43). Fresh water supply to the tank shall be discharged not servicing.
lower than 2 in. (50.8 mm) above the maximum flood level
7.12.2 Pump—Pump casings shall be cast iron or corrosion-
rim, or an effective air gap or vacuum breaker shall be installed
resisting material (see Specification A 436) and shall have a
to prevent backflow. Backflow protection shall be in accor-
removable cover or inspection plate, or be of such a design as
dance with ASSE 1004. The drain and other plumbing connec-
to permit ease of accessibility for inspection and removal of
tions shall be standard pipe or tubing connections. Drainage
foreign items from the impeller and interior. The pump shall
piping shall be corrosion-resisting material, or suitable heat-
either be self-draining or equipped with means for draining.
resisting plastic tubing with fittings. Drains may be joined into
The shaft shall be of corrosion-resisting steel, properly aligned
a single trunk line requiring only one connection or arranged to
and supported. The impeller shall be corrosion-resisting mate-
permit individual connections to the waste line.
rial or iron alloy and shall be in dynamic balance. The pump
7.5 Valves—Steam valves shall be corrosion-resisting ma- shall have at least two ball or roller bearings, except when the
terial designed for steam applications and for a saturated steam pump and motor are mounted on the same shaft, at least two
working pressure of 50 psi (344.6 kPa). When specified, a ball or roller bearings shall be provided for the motor and
separately packed service supply valve shall be provided for
pump. The pump suction intake shall be provided with a
closing the supply of water to the dishwasher. The drain valve corrosion-resistant strainer or shroud.
shall be permanently marked to show “open” and “closed”
7.13 Heating—Style 1, 2, and 3 machines shall be capable
position and shall be lever-operated, ruggedly designed for foot
of maintaining required temperature levels in the tanks.
or hand operation except when drain valve closure is auto-
7.13.1 Style 1—Style 1 machines shall be suitable for
matic. Fresh water rinse valves shall be reliable and fully
operation with a steam supply flow pressure of from 20 to 35
automatic and suitable for 210°F (98.9°C) water. The manually
psi (137.9 to 241.3 kPa). Temperature regulators (thermostats)
operated valves shall be identified.
shall be provided for maintaining the proper water temperature
7.6 Spray Assemblies—All spray nozzles and spray arm
in the tanks. Low water protection shall be provided. Steam
manifolds shall be corrosion resisting materials (see Specifi-
heat will be provided by tube type heat exchangers, steam
cations A 554 and A 583). All spray assemblies shall be
injectors, or a combination of both. Check valves or vacuum
removable without the use of tools and shall be easy to clean.
breakers must be used on all injector type heating units to
prevent back siphoning. The minimum operating pressure shall
7.7 Tank—The tank shall be constructed of not less than
0.055 in. corrosion-resistant steel, or other corrosion resisting be specified by the manufacturer and the maximum operating
material. pressure shall not exceed 35 psi (241.3 kPa).
7.8 Overflow—The dishwashers shall have a readily acces- 7.13.2 Style 2—Style 2 machines shall be equipped with
electric heater elements and sheaths of 300 series corrosion
sible overflow drain in the tank. The overflow unit, or cover,
when provided, shall be removable for clean
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